Difference between revisions of "Miracle Mineral Supplement"

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[[image:mms.jpg|180px|MMS on eBay|thumb]]
 
[[image:mms.jpg|180px|MMS on eBay|thumb]]
[[image:Jimhumble3.jpg|180px|Inventor [[Jim_Humble|Jim Humble]] alias "Bishop James V. Humble"|thumb]]
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[[image:Jimhumble3.jpg|180px|Inventor [[Jim_Humble|Jim Humble]] alias "Bishop James V. Humble"|thumb]]
'''Miracle Mineral Supplement''' (MMS or ''acitvated Oxygen'' or ''Vitamin O<sup>2</sup>'' respectively, MMS1, E 926) is the trade name of a dietary supplement containing so-called ''activated oxygen''. In fact MMS-products contain sodium chlorite that under certain circumstances can release the disinfectant Chlorine dioxide. MMS was invented by the American engineer [[Jim_Humble|Jim Humble]]. Humble is not known for having any formal qualificaition in the field of health care. The self-proclaimed 'Bishop' Humble is also some kind of founder of his own religion and his own church called "Genesis II Church of Health and Healing", that markets PhDs and Reverend-titles of no value.
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'''Miracle Mineral Supplement''' (MMS or ''acitvated Oxygen'' or ''Vitamin O<sup>2</sup>'' respectively, MMS1, E&nbsp;926) is the trade name of a [[Dietary Supplements|dietary supplement]] containing so-called ''activated oxygen''. In fact MMS products contain sodium chlorite which under certain circumstances can release the disinfectant Chlorine dioxide. MMS was invented by the American engineer [[Jim_Humble|Jim Humble]]. Humble is not known for having any formal qualification in the field of health care. The self-proclaimed 'Bishop' Humble also founded his own religion and his own church called "Genesis&nbsp;II Church of Health and Healing" which markets PhDs and Reverend-titles of no value.
  
There is no known scientific study or literature dealing with ''Miracle Mineral Supplement'' that would prove it to be a suitable cure for any kind of illness. Proponents of MMS refer to allegedly successful experiments with humans. Such experiments were purportedly conducted in a prison in the African country of Malawi where prisoners were supposedly forced to ingest the disinfectant<ref>http://www.miraclems.com</ref><ref>http://www.alleinklang.tv/themen/naturheilkunde/mms-tropfen-miracle-mineral-supplement.html</ref>. Also, it is claimed that successful experiments with humans suffering from AIDS have been conducted in Uganda, though no quotable technical literature that would prove these miracle healings is given. MMS is irresponsibly and without any critical checking advertised in a number of German-speaking esoteric periodicals like [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=NEXUS_Magazin NEXUS Magazin], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Zeitenschrift Zeitenschrift]<ref>Benjamin Seiler, Zeitenschrift, Heft 59</ref> and the [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Mobiwell_Verlag Mobiwell Verlag] (Thomas Kirschner) as well as [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bewusst.TV Bewusst.TV] (by [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Jo_Conrad Jo Conrad]) and [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Lnc-2010 Lnc-2010].
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There is no known scientific study or literature dealing with ''Miracle Mineral Supplement'' which proves it a suitable cure for any kind of illness. Proponents of MMS refer to allegedly successful experiments with humans. Such experiments were purportedly conducted in a prison in the African country of Malawi where prisoners were allegedly forced to ingest the disinfectant.<ref>http://www.miraclems.com</ref><ref>http://www.alleinklang.tv/themen/naturheilkunde/mms-tropfen-miracle-mineral-supplement.html</ref> There are further claims of successful experiments with humans suffering from AIDS having been conducted in Uganda, though no quotable technical literature proving these miracle healings is mentioned. MMS, irresponsibly and without any critical checking, gets advertised in a number of German language esoteric periodicals like [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=NEXUS_Magazin NEXUS Magazin], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Zeitenschrift Zeitenschrift]<ref>Benjamin Seiler, Zeitenschrift, Heft 59</ref> and the [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Mobiwell_Verlag Mobiwell Verlag] (Thomas Kirschner) as well as [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bewusst.TV Bewusst.TV] (by [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Jo_Conrad Jo Conrad]) and [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Lnc-2010 Lnc-2010].
  
Since there is no evidence proving this product to work as some kind of "illness killer", the usual conspiracy theories dealing with suppression by the state are made up. In the case of MMS, the international operating [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bilderberger Bilderberger] are accused of conspiring to suppress this saving remedy as their contribution in a [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bevölkerungsreduktionsprogramm world-wide population reduction program]. This fulfills another criterion of the [http://www.quackwatch.org/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/avoid.html Ten criteria for quackery].
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Since there is no evidence proving this product indeed works as some kind of "illness killer", the usual conspiracy theories dealing with suppression by authorities have been made up. In the case of MMS, the internationally operating [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bilderberger Bilderberger] are accused of conspiring to suppress this saving remedy as their contribution to a [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bevölkerungsreduktionsprogramm world-wide population reduction program]. This meets another criterion of the [http://www.quackwatch.org/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/avoid.html Ten criteria for quackery].
  
 
[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Dioxychlor Dioxychlor] is a product competing with MMS.
 
[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Dioxychlor Dioxychlor] is a product competing with MMS.
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[[image:aetzend.jpg|thumb|left]]
 
[[image:aetzend.jpg|thumb|left]]
 
[[image:180px-MMS7.jpg|typical advertisement|left|thumb]]
 
[[image:180px-MMS7.jpg|typical advertisement|left|thumb]]
MMS is supposed to contain Chlorine dioxide as active component, which is toxic and harmful to the environment. Sodium chlorite, which dissociates to Chlorine dioxide, is also named. Also, [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Zitronensaft lemon juice] is supposed to be included, which is claimed to have antibiotic properties and, according to Humble, is supposedly the most effective illness killer of all. Chlorine dioxide is a yellow-reddish explosive with a pungent odour. It is undisputed that Chlorine dioxide, being a disinfectant, kills germs. It is therefore used in the water treatment in the so-called chlorination and is responsible for the characteristic smell of swimming pools and sometimes leads to reddened eyes. Chlorine dioxide is also used in the paper industry for bleaching purposes and acts also as preservative in foods (E 926) (American chicken being contaminated with chlorine dioxide had been an issue with the EU-Commission<ref>http://lifestyle.t-online.de/c/15/15/71/42/15157142.html</ref> and were allowed with some constraints after being viewed as "unappetizing" in 1997. In future it is planned to mark such chickens as "chlorine-treated from the USA").
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MMS is supposed to contain Chlorine dioxide as an active component which is toxic and harmful to the environment. Sodium chlorite, which dissociates to Chlorine dioxide, is also named. Also, [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Zitronensaft lemon juice] is supposed to be included, which is said to have antibiotic properties and, according to Humble, is supposedly the most effective illness killer around. Chlorine dioxide is a yellow-reddish explosive with a pungent odour. Chlorine dioxide, being a disinfectant, undisputedly does kill germs. It is therefore used in water treatment in the so-called chlorination and is responsible for the characteristic smell of swimming pools and sometimes causes reddened eyes. Chlorine dioxide is also used in the paper industry for bleaching purposes and also acts as a preservative in foods (E&nbsp;926) (American chicken contaminated with chlorine dioxide were an issue with the EU-Commission<ref>http://lifestyle.t-online.de/c/15/15/71/42/15157142.html</ref> and were accepted with some constraints after being viewed as "unappetizing" in 1997. In future it is planned to label such chickens as "chlorine-treated from the USA").
  
Nobody would ever imagine drinking Domestos to treat a bacterial or viral infect. Same like [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Kolloidales_Silber colloidal silver], small concentration have no negative effect on the health, but are absolutely effectless as a therapy. Higher concentrations can, in principle, kill germs in the body but will at the same time negatively effect one's health.
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Nobody would ever imagine drinking Domestos to treat a bacterial or viral infection. As with [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Kolloidales_Silber colloidal silver], small concentrations have no negative health effects, but are absolutely ineffective as a therapy. Higher concentrations can, in principle, kill germs in the body but will at the same time negatively effect one's health.
  
Chlorine dioxide is an oxidizing biocide and belongs to the higher-oxidized chlorine compounds. Of all oxidizing biocides Chlorine dioxide is the most selective one. It only reacts with reduced sulfur-compound, secondary and tertiary Amines and other highly reduced and reactive organical substances.  
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Chlorine dioxide is an oxidizing biocide and belongs to the higher-oxidized chlorine compounds. Of all oxidizing biocides, Chlorine dioxide is the most selective one. It only reacts with reduced sulfur-compounds, secondary and tertiary Amines, and other highly reduced and reactive organical substances.
  
 
[[image:Mms77.jpg|Article from GSP|350px|thumb]]
 
[[image:Mms77.jpg|Article from GSP|350px|thumb]]
Sodium chlorite is a very reactive, oxidizing solid matter. It reacts strongly with combustible materials, under certain conditions even being able to start a fire without a source of ignition and it can facilitate existing fires. It bears the risk of acute as well as chronic health hazards. Chlorites have stronger methemoglobinic capabilities than Chlorates and have explicit hemotoxic effects. Since Chlorine dioxide has no role in the human metabolism and consequently no deficiency diseases are know, the so-called Vitamin O<sup>2</sup> has to be regarded as being a [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Pseudovitamin pseudovitamin].
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Sodium chlorite is a very reactive, oxidizing solid matter. It reacts strongly with combustible materials, under certain conditions even being able to start a fire without a source of ignition, and it can facilitate existing fires. It bears the risk of acute as well as chronic health hazards. Chlorites have stronger methemoglobinic capabilities than Chlorates and have explicitly hemotoxic effects. Since Chlorine dioxide has no role in the human metabolism and consequently no deficiency diseases are known, the so-called Vitamin O<sup>2</sup> has to be regarded a [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Pseudovitamin pseudovitamin].
  
Whereas usually dietary supplements are advertised for being [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Antioxidantien antioxidants] that counter free radicals, now it's the turn of strong oxidizing agents, countering hazards and harmful bacteria most miraculously, while leaving harmless bacteria as well as body cells unharmed.  
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Whereas dietary supplements are usually advertised for being [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Antioxidantien antioxidants] which counter free radicals, now it's the turn of strong oxidizing agents, countering hazards and harmful bacteria in a most miraculous way, while leaving harmless bacteria as well as body cells unharmed.
  
The periodical GPSP (Gute Pillen - Schlechte Pillen, Good Pills-Bad Pills) evaluates MMS as a product meeting quackery criteria<ref>Gute Pillen - schlechte Pillen. Nr. 5 (Sept./Okt. 2008): Aufgespießt - Miracle Mineral Supplement. Herausgeber: Verbraucherzeitschrift für Medikamente in Deutschland, arznei-telegramm, DER ARZNEIMITTELBRIEF, Pharma-Brief und Arzneiverordnung in der Praxis (AVP)</ref>
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The periodical GPSP (Gute Pillen - Schlechte Pillen, Good Pills - Bad Pills) evaluates MMS as a product meeting quackery criteria<ref>Gute Pillen - schlechte Pillen. Nr. 5 (Sept./Okt. 2008): Aufgespießt - Miracle Mineral Supplement. Herausgeber: Verbraucherzeitschrift für Medikamente in Deutschland, arznei-telegramm, DER ARZNEIMITTELBRIEF, Pharma-Brief und Arzneiverordnung in der Praxis (AVP)</ref>
  
 
==MMS-Gasbag==
 
==MMS-Gasbag==
 
[[image:Humble_gasbag.jpg|Inventor Jim Humble wearing "gasbag"|180px|thumb]]
 
[[image:Humble_gasbag.jpg|Inventor Jim Humble wearing "gasbag"|180px|thumb]]
In 2010 the MMS-inventor presented a special form of application, the MMS gas bag. 2 plastic garbage bags are being put into one another, forming a closed room and sealed using tape. An opening is then cut into the upper end. Then a small bowl containing activated MMS is put into the gas bag, allowing the formation of Chlorine dioxide. The user then enters the gas bag naked, exposing her skin to the gas.
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In 2010, the MMS inventor presented a special form of application, the MMS gas bag. Two plastic garbage bags are put into one another, forming a closed room and are sealed with tape. An opening is then cut into the upper end. Then a small bowl containing activated MMS is put into the gas bag, allowing the formation of Chlorine dioxide. The user then enters the gas bag naked, exposing their skin to the gas.
  
 
==Marketing==
 
==Marketing==
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[[image:BewusstTVMMS2.jpg|Sponsored report on  [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bewusst.TV Bewusst.TV] by [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Jo_Conrad Jo Conrad]|thumb]]
 
[[image:BewusstTVMMS2.jpg|Sponsored report on  [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bewusst.TV Bewusst.TV] by [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Jo_Conrad Jo Conrad]|thumb]]
  
In Germany MMS-products are marketed by Luxusline LTD. (director: Dennis Hamann) of Hildesheim and "Julis Foundation Inc." by Norbert Miller from Neuburg a.d. Donau. MMS is also sold via [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=MLM] Multi-Level-Marketing] and can be found on eBay, where it is advertised using health-related promises, violating the German regulations on dietary supplemnts (NEM-Verordnung). The product sold consists of Sodium chlorite (NaClO<sub>2</sub>) and an instruction manual dealing with the risky making of Chloride dioxide in DIY-manner.
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In Germany, MMS products are marketed by Luxusline LTD. (director: Dennis Hamann) of Hildesheim and "Julis Foundation Inc." by Norbert Miller from Neuburg a.d. Donau. MMS is also sold via [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=MLM Multi-Level-Marketing] and can be found on eBay where it is advertised using health-related promises, violating the German regulations on dietary supplements (NEM-Verordnung). The product sold consists of Sodium chlorite (NaClO<sub>2</sub>) and comes with an instruction manual dealing with the risks of DIY production of Chloride dioxide.
  
In November 2008 Humble took part in a conference on "Neuartige Heilmethoden" (new methods of healing) that had been organized by [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Jupiter-Verlag Jupiter-Verlag] and [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Adolf_Schneider Adolf Schneider]. By it's own account the Jupiter-Verlag sold MMS-bottles there. Humble had been invited to Europe by the the [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Heilpraktiker alternative practitioner] Sabine Linek.
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In November 2008, Humble participated in a conference on "Neuartige Heilmethoden" (new methods of healing) which was organized by [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Jupiter-Verlag Jupiter-Verlag] and [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Adolf_Schneider Adolf Schneider]. By their own account, Jupiter-Verlag sold MMS bottles at the premises. Humble had been invited to Europe by the [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Heilpraktiker alternative practitioner] Sabine Linek.
  
In the German-speaking world MMS is also sold by Lothar Paulus via several web sites. Paulus is obviously operating his business from Ibiza and owns the Ibiza-registered company "vitalundfitmit100 S.L.".<ref>vitalundfitmit100 S.L., Geschäftsführer Lothar Paulus, Ctr. Ibiza-Sant Josep, km 11,5 Apdo. 282, E-07830 Sant Josep Spanien. Telefon: +34 971343623 / +49 1637726543 Fax +34971343623.
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In German-speaking countries, MMS is also sold by Lothar Paulus via several web sites. Paulus obviously operates his business from Ibiza and owns the Ibiza-registered company "vitalundfitmit100 S.L.".<ref>vitalundfitmit100 S.L., Geschäftsführer Lothar Paulus, Ctr. Ibiza-Sant Josep, km 11,5 Apdo. 282, E-07830 Sant Josep Spanien. Telefon: +34 971343623 / +49 1637726543 Fax +34971343623.
Lothar Paulus, C/des Calo, Cala de Bou, edificio PalmBeach 2-2d 07839 Sant Josep, Ibiza Spanien</ref> It is interesting to note that Paulus sells MMS-products bearing the "Xn" (harmful) hazard symbol. This symbol is used to mark harmful substances that can chronically damage one's health when being swallowed, inhaled or, by penetrating the skin, can cause acute or chronic damages. Typical products marked like this are toilet cleaners.
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Lothar Paulus, C/des Calo, Cala de Bou, edificio PalmBeach 2-2d 07839 Sant Josep, Ibiza Spanien</ref> It is interesting to note that Paulus sells MMS-products bearing the "Xn" (harmful) hazard symbol. This symbol is used to label harmful substances which will cause permanent damage to one's health when being swallowed, inhaled or, by penetrating the skin, can cause acute or chronic damages. Typical products labeled like this are toilet cleaners.
  
[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bewusst.TV Bewusst.TV], a project of [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Jo_Conrad Jo Conrad], sells MMS in it's web shop. Advertisement for MMS can be found on the web sites of [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=AllEinKlang.tv AllEinKlang.tv], an esoteric project run by Hans Hubert Küppers of Northrine-Westfalia.
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[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bewusst.TV Bewusst.TV], a project of [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Jo_Conrad Jo Conrad], sells MMS in its web shop. Advertisements for MMS can be found on the web sites of [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=AllEinKlang.tv AllEinKlang.tv], an esoteric project run by Hans Hubert Küppers of Northrhine-Westfalia.
  
 
==Users==
 
==Users==
 
[[image:MMS_Rohsmann.jpg|Peter Rohsmann|380px|thumb]]
 
[[image:MMS_Rohsmann.jpg|Peter Rohsmann|380px|thumb]]
 
[[image:Linek_Schustereder.jpg|Sabine Linek / Klaus Schustereder|left|180px|thumb]]
 
[[image:Linek_Schustereder.jpg|Sabine Linek / Klaus Schustereder|left|180px|thumb]]
[[image:MMS_Arcadia.jpg|MMS-advertisement found in the web shop "Arcadia Eden" of Peter Rohsmann, a medical practitioner.|350px|thumb]]
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[[image:MMS_Arcadia.jpg|MMS advertisement found in the web shop "Arcadia Eden" of Peter Rohsmann, a medical practitioner.|350px|thumb]]
[[image:MMS_Douwes.jpg|Advertisement for the non-approved drug MMS by the medical dirrector of the hospital "Klinik St. Georg" in Bad Aibling, Friedrich R. Douwes|300px|thumb]]
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[[image:MMS_Douwes.jpg|Advertisement for the non-approved drug MMS by the medical dirrector of the hospital "Klinik St.&nbsp;Georg" in Bad Aibling, Friedrich R. Douwes|300px|thumb]]
  
Another German MMS proponent is the general practitioner Peter Rohsmann from Habach (near Munich), who also sells MMS-products.<br>
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Another German MMS proponent is the general practitioner Peter Rohsmann from Habach (near Munich) who also sells MMS products.<br>
Currently Rohsmann is running a web shop called "Arcadia Eden - Peter Rohsmann e.K.".<ref>Arcadia Eden - Peter Rohsmann e.K., Sindelsdorferstr. 12, 82392 Habach-Dürnhausen</ref>, which is registered at his home address. In this shop he also offers a variety of [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Nahrungsergänzungsmittel dietary supplements] and household cleaners ("ionized water") as well as MMS as "Mach mich sauber"(make me clean)-system for drinking water treatment. Rohsmann warns against the dangers of his product: ''..Harmful in contact with skin - Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas - Risk of serious damage to eyes - Keep away from acids, reducing agents and combustible material - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection - Keep out of the reach of children - Dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point..''<ref>https://www.arcadia-eden.com/wasserbehandlung/mms-neu/</ref>
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Currently, Rohsmann is running a web shop called "Arcadia Eden - Peter Rohsmann e.K.".<ref>Arcadia Eden - Peter Rohsmann e.K., Sindelsdorferstraße&nbsp;12, 82392&nbsp;Habach-Dürnhausen</ref> which is registered at his home address. In this shop he also offers a variety of [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Nahrungsergänzungsmittel dietary supplements] and household cleaners ("ionized water") as well as MMS as a "Mach mich sauber"(make me clean) system for the treatment of drinking water. Rohsmann warns against the dangers of his product: ''[...] Harmful in contact with skin - Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas - Risk of serious damage to eyes - Keep away from acids, reducing agents and combustible material - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection - Keep out of the reach of children - Dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point [...]''<ref>https://www.arcadia-eden.com/wasserbehandlung/mms-neu/</ref>
  
  
A further user of the non-approved drug MMS is the medical practitioner Friedrich R. Douwes. He is the medical director of the "Klinik St. Georg"-hospital in Bad Aibling. Quotation Douwes: ''MMS is not for treatment of illnesses and only approved for disinfection of drinking water and food. If one decides though to ingest MMS, generally one should start with one or two drops of MMS, ideally at night before going to bed. It's best to take MMS 5-10 minutes before the meals or 2 hours ager the meals...Using a clean drinking glass, for every drop of MMS one adds the same amount of "activator" (e.g. 10% Citric acid or 9% hydrochloric acid). Then the glass is swirled shortly and one allows the substances for 3 minutes to react with each other. The reaction time should be 3 minutes, possibly using a egg timer. After this the glass is filled up with water und the diluted solution is drunk without interruption...''<ref>http://www.klinik-st-georg.de/pdf/dr_douwes_informiert/2010-04_MMS_Wirkung.pdf</ref> This hospital also offers further pseudo-medical therapies (especially for treating cancer): [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Artemisinin Artemisinin], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Misteltherapie mistletoe therapy], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Insulinpotenzierte_Therapie Insulin Potentation] (IPT), [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Kaffee-Einlauf coffee-enema], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Colon-Hydro-Therapie Colon hydrotherapy], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Hyperthermie whole-body hyperthermia], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Electro_Cancer_Therapy Electro Cancer Therapy], "organo-therapy " with thymus gland extracts ([http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Frischzellentherapie] cellular therapy), [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Enzymtherapie enzyme therapy] and [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Entschlackung detoxification].  
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A further user of the non-approved drug MMS is the medical practitioner Friedrich&nbsp;R. Douwes. He is the medical director of the hospital "Klinik St.&nbsp;Georg" in Bad Aibling. Quotation Douwes: ''MMS is not for treatment of illness and only approved for disinfection of drinking water and food. If one decides though to ingest MMS, generally one should start with one or two drops of MMS, ideally at night before going to bed. It's best to take MMS 5-10&nbsp;minutes before meals or 2&nbsp;hours after meals... Using a clean drinking glass, for every drop of MMS one adds the same amount of "activator" (e.g. 10% Citric acid or 9% hydrochloric acid). Then the glass is swirled shortly and one allows the substances to react with each other for three minutes. The reaction time should be 3&nbsp;minutes, possibly using a egg timer. After this the glass is filled up with water and the diluted solution is drunk without interruption [...]''<ref>http://www.klinik-st-georg.de/pdf/dr_douwes_informiert/2010-04_MMS_Wirkung.pdf</ref> This hospital also offers further pseudo-medical therapies (especially for treatment of cancer): [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Artemisinin Artemisinin], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Misteltherapie mistletoe therapy], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Insulinpotenzierte_Therapie Insulin Potentation] (IPT), [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Kaffee-Einlauf coffee-enema], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Colon-Hydro-Therapie Colon hydrotherapy], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Hyperthermie whole-body hyperthermia], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Electro_Cancer_Therapy Electro Cancer Therapy], "organo-therapy " with thymus gland extracts ([http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Frischzellentherapie] cellular therapy), [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Enzymtherapie enzyme therapy] and [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Entschlackung detoxification].
  
 
Another promoter of MMS in Switzerland is the Wile-based medical practitioner, [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=TCM TCM]-therapist and media business man [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Ralph_Manser Ralph Manser].
 
Another promoter of MMS in Switzerland is the Wile-based medical practitioner, [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=TCM TCM]-therapist and media business man [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Ralph_Manser Ralph Manser].
  
According to an uncritical article about MMS published in the [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=NEXUS_Magazin NEXUS Magazin]<ref>http://www.nexus-magazin.de/artikel/lesen/jim-humble-erstmalig-in-deutschland-beim-kongress-fuer-neuartige-heilmethoden/2?context=category&category=2</ref>, an Austrian "Dr.med. Klaus Schustereder" (born in 1973) conducted experiments on humans in the Central African Republic. [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Scenar Scenar]-User Schustereder is stated to be head of the hospital of Baboua, where he actually was working from 2005-2007. He supposedly tested MMS and a [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Homöopathie homeopathic] remedy called "PC1" (which was created by [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Peter_Chappell Peter Chappell]) on AIDS-patients. A camera man called Christian Köhlert was supposedly present at these experiments in Baboua. According to the NEXUS-report he also acted as a miracle healer: (Quotation)  
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According to an uncritical article on MMS published in the [[NEXUS Magazine]]<ref>http://www.nexus-magazin.de/artikel/lesen/jim-humble-erstmalig-in-deutschland-beim-kongress-fuer-neuartige-heilmethoden/2?context=category&category=2</ref>, an Austrian "Dr.med. Klaus Schustereder" (born in 1973) conducted experiments on humans in the Central African Republic. [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Scenar Scenar]-user Schustereder is said to be head of the hospital of Baboua where he actually worked from 2005-2007. He supposedly tested MMS and a [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Homöopathie homeopathic] remedy called "PC1" (which was created by [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Peter_Chappell Peter Chappell]) on AIDS patients. A camera-man by the name of Christian Köhlert was supposedly present at these experiments in Baboua. According to the NEXUS report, he also acted as a miracle healer: (Quotation)
  
:''Christian Köhlert also treated people against Malaria using MMS. All of them where healthy the following day.''  
+
:''Christian Köhlert also treated people against Malaria using MMS. All of them were cured by the following day.''
  
A alternative practitioner who, according to her own testimony, made a lot for the MMS research is the Berlin based Sabine Linek.  
+
An alternative practitioner who, according to her own testimony, contributed largely to MMS research is the Berlin based Sabine Linek.
  
 
==Side Effects==
 
==Side Effects==
According to the advertisements of MMS resellers it is side-effect-free. But one can also find blood-curling and utterly unproved information about MMS-side-effects on different web sites:
+
According to advertisements of MMS resellers, the substance is free of side effects. But one can also find blood-curling and utterly unfounded information about MMS side effects on various web sites promoting it:
  
:''It is always a good sign if the intake of MMS leads to indisposition. Each change is a sure sign that MMS is working and killing harmful bacteria, virus, mould- and yeast fungi and parasites. These dead organisms lead to the formation of toxic substances which trigger the so-called Herxheimer-reaction.''<ref>Quelle: jimhumblemms.de</ref>  
+
:''It is always a good sign if the intake of MMS leads to indisposition. Each change is a sure sign that MMS works and is killing harmful bacteria, virus, mould and yeast fungi and parasites. These dead organisms lead to the generation of toxic substances which trigger the so-called Herxheimer reaction.''<ref>Quelle: jimhumblemms.de</ref>
  
The Jarisch-Herxheimer-reaction is indeed a phenomena known in clinical microbiology. Such a reaction can only be proven by experts and can typically be found when treating certain germs like Spirochaetaceae.
+
The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction is indeed a phenomenon known in clinical microbiology. Such a reaction can only be proven by experts and is typically found when treating certain germs like Spirochaetaceae.
  
In August 2010 the professional journal "Pediatrics" published an article about poisonings of children with household cleanser in the period of 1990-2006, as they were reported by the emergency rooms of hospitals. It was shown that the introduction of childproof closure lead to a reduction of such poisonings. The most cases had been reported with Chlorine bleaching as it is used in MMS.<ref>Lara B. McKenzie, Nisha Ahir, Uwe Stolz, Nicolas G. Nelson: ''Household Cleaning Product-Related Injuries Treated in US Emergency'', Pediatrics, 2.8.2010, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2009-3392 [http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/reprint/peds.2009-3392v1?maxtoshow=&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=household&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&resourcetype=HWCIT Volltext]</ref>
+
In August 2010, the professional journal "Pediatrics" published an article on children intoxicated by household cleansers in the period of 1990-2006, as they were reported by emergency rooms of hospitals. It was shown that the introduction of childproof closures lead to a reduction of such intoxications. The largest number of cases had been reported with Chlorine bleaching as it is used in MMS.<ref>Lara B. McKenzie, Nisha Ahir, Uwe Stolz, Nicolas G. Nelson: ''Household Cleaning Product-Related Injuries Treated in US Emergency'', Pediatrics, 2.8.2010, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2009-3392 [http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/reprint/peds.2009-3392v1?maxtoshow=&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=household&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&resourcetype=HWCIT Volltext]</ref>
  
Scientific literature about Chlorine dioxide (see references) shows possible unwanted consequences of a Chlorine dioxide intake found in laboratory animals and human beings. Most observations relate to laboratory animals though. It can cause the formation of methemoglobine. Also hemolytic anemia (caused by a breakdown of red blood cells) and reduced Glutathion-levels can be found. High Chlorine dioxide levels in the blood are also viewed as being toxic for the kidneys and reduce the average life span of rats and lead to reduced body mass. Impacts on thyroid glands and the hemogram in apes/monkeys have been reported.
+
Scientific literature on Chlorine dioxide (see references) shows possible unwanted consequences of a Chlorine dioxide intake found in laboratory animals and human beings. Most observations relate to laboratory animals though. It can cause the formation of methemoglobine. Also hemolytic anemia (caused by a breakdown of red blood cells) and reduced Glutathion-levels can be found. High Chlorine dioxide levels in the blood are also viewed as being toxic for the kidneys and reduce the average life span of rats and lead to a reduced body mass. Impacts on thyroid glands and the hemogram in apes/monkeys have been reported.
  
 
In 1982 a blinded study was conducted where healthy test persons drank a small amount of Chlorine dioxide in water. The small amount of 0,1 milligram ClO2 was tolerated by all test persons without any symptoms.<ref>*Judith R. Lubbers, Sudha Chauan, Joseph R. Bianchine: ''Controlled Clinical Evaluations of Chlorine Dioxide, Chlorite and Chlorate in Man'', (1982) Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 46, S. 57-62, 1982. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1569027/pdf/envhper00463-0059.pdf]</ref>
 
In 1982 a blinded study was conducted where healthy test persons drank a small amount of Chlorine dioxide in water. The small amount of 0,1 milligram ClO2 was tolerated by all test persons without any symptoms.<ref>*Judith R. Lubbers, Sudha Chauan, Joseph R. Bianchine: ''Controlled Clinical Evaluations of Chlorine Dioxide, Chlorite and Chlorate in Man'', (1982) Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 46, S. 57-62, 1982. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1569027/pdf/envhper00463-0059.pdf]</ref>
Line 83: Line 83:
 
[[image:Swissmedic.jpg|Warning of the Swiss Swissmedic|300px|thumb]]
 
[[image:Swissmedic.jpg|Warning of the Swiss Swissmedic|300px|thumb]]
 
[[image:BAG.jpg|Warning of the Swiss BAG|300px|thumb]]
 
[[image:BAG.jpg|Warning of the Swiss BAG|300px|thumb]]
Since 2010 several administrations warn of buying and administering MMS.
+
Since 2010 several administrations caution against buying and administering MMS.
  
* On July, 30, 2010 the FDA (USA) issued a warning of applying MMS since it contained industrial bleaching agents and could lead to severe health damages. According to this statement, several reports on health damages found with MMS-customers had reached the FDA. Nausea, vomiting and life-threatening cases of dehydration had been reported. Customers still having MMS were advised to destroy it. Furthermore, the FDA had no research results indicating any benefit from applying MMS to HIV-infection, hepatitis, flu, acne, cancer or common cold. Currently the FDA would also consider pressing charges against suppliers.<ref>http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm220747.htm</ref><ref>http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/?p=6430</ref>Humlbe reacted to this FDA ban with a warning to the international MMS distributors:
+
* On July 30, 2010, the FDA (USA) issued a warning against applying MMS since it contained industrial bleaching agents and could lead to severe health damages. According to this statement, several reports on health damages found with MMS customers had reached the FDA. Nausea, vomiting, and life-threatening cases of dehydration had been reported. Customers still in possession of MMS were advised to destroy their supplies. Furthermore, the FDA had no research results indicating any benefit from applying MMS to HIV infections, hepatitis, flu, acne, cancer or common cold. Currently, the FDA also considers pressing charges against suppliers.<ref>http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm220747.htm</ref><ref>http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/?p=6430</ref> Humble reacted to this FDA ban with a warning to international MMS distributors:
  
 
:''Sorry, but my name and my picture must be removed from all sites selling mms in any form. All of the jim humble approval stamps must be removed from every site selling mms. This must happen immediately. Any time the attack comes if my approval is on any sales site that can be used to put me in jail. This is true in most countries as well as the united states, especially in Europe. Please comply with this. It is important. This must be done immediately. Taking my name off of your site will also keep you out of jail. Now is the time to change mms to nothing but water purification drops....When the time comes the authorities must see nothing but mms water purification drops. We will have to depend upon my book, radio, TV, you tube, and other internet articles to tell what mms really is. One other point, anywhere on your site where the word supplement is used it should be changed to the word "solution", the reason for that is the FDA objects to the word supplement, that begins to neutralize our sites. Is for your protection.''
 
:''Sorry, but my name and my picture must be removed from all sites selling mms in any form. All of the jim humble approval stamps must be removed from every site selling mms. This must happen immediately. Any time the attack comes if my approval is on any sales site that can be used to put me in jail. This is true in most countries as well as the united states, especially in Europe. Please comply with this. It is important. This must be done immediately. Taking my name off of your site will also keep you out of jail. Now is the time to change mms to nothing but water purification drops....When the time comes the authorities must see nothing but mms water purification drops. We will have to depend upon my book, radio, TV, you tube, and other internet articles to tell what mms really is. One other point, anywhere on your site where the word supplement is used it should be changed to the word "solution", the reason for that is the FDA objects to the word supplement, that begins to neutralize our sites. Is for your protection.''
  
*On October, 13. 2010, the Swiss Swissmedic issued a warning of MMS head-lined "Warning of the so-called miracle drug 'Miracle Mineral Supplements (MMS)'". According to Swissmedic there had been several reports in different countries about side-effects in connection with the use of "Miracle Mineral Supplements (MMS)". After oral ingestion there was, according to Swissmecid, ''gastrointestinal disorders of varying severity, to hospitalization for life-threatening conditions''.<ref>http://www.swissmedic.ch/aktuell/00003/01409/index.html?lang=de</ref> Swissmedic refers to a warning of MMS issued by the Swiss "Bundesamt für Gesundheit" (BAG, Federal Office of Public Health) dating October 8., 2010. According to this the "Schweizerische Toxikologische Informationszentrum" (STIZ, Swiss Toxicological Information Centre) had received several reports on health disorders after ingestion of MMS<ref>http://www.bag.admin.ch/themen/lebensmittel/04861/11249/index.html?lang=de</ref>
+
*On October, 13. 2010, the Swiss Swissmedic issued a warning against MMS titled "Warning against the so-called miracle drug 'Miracle Mineral Supplements (MMS)'". According to Swissmedic, several reports on side-effects in connection with the use of "Miracle Mineral Supplements (MMS)" had been published in different countries. Oral ingestion, according to Swissmedic, caused ''gastrointestinal disorders of varying severity, including hospitalization due to life-threatening conditions''.<ref>http://www.swissmedic.ch/aktuell/00003/01409/index.html?lang=de</ref> Swissmedic refers to a warning against MMS issued by the Swiss "Bundesamt für Gesundheit" (BAG, Federal Office of Public Health) dating October&nbsp;8., 2010. According to BAG, the "Schweizerische Toxikologische Informationszentrum" (STIZ, Swiss Toxicological Information Centre) had received several reports on health disorders after ingestion of MMS<ref>http://www.bag.admin.ch/themen/lebensmittel/04861/11249/index.html?lang=de</ref>
  
*On October 5., 2010, the French authority "Institut de veille sanitaire" (InVS) and "Agence française de sécurité sanitaire des produits de santé" (Afssaps) published a warning of MMS since the product "Solution minérale miracle" could lead to health damages and had been the cause for several cases of intoxication in France (Ce produit est à l’origine de cas d’intoxication). Persons who had purchased MMS should not use it and persons already having ingested MMS were urged to see a doctor.<ref>http://www.invs.sante.fr/recherche/index2.asp?txtQuery=mms&Submit.x=0&Submit.y=0</ref>
+
*On October 5, 2010, French authorities "Institut de veille sanitaire" (InVS) and "Agence française de sécurité sanitaire des produits de santé" (Afssaps) published a warning against MMS as the product "Solution minérale miracle" could cause health damages and had been the cause of several cases of intoxication in France (Ce produit est à l’origine de cas d’intoxication). Persons who had purchased MMS were warned against using it and persons already having ingested MMS were urged to see a doctor.<ref>http://www.invs.sante.fr/recherche/index2.asp?txtQuery=mms&Submit.x=0&Submit.y=0</ref>
  
*In Canada MMS has already been banned in May 2010 by "Health Canada"<ref>http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ahc-asc/media/advisories-avis/_2010/2010_74-eng.php</ref>
+
*In Canada MMS was already banned in May 2010 by "Health Canada"<ref>http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ahc-asc/media/advisories-avis/_2010/2010_74-eng.php</ref>
  
*In the meantime Australia banned the selling of MMS and forced suppliers to take MMS bottles already sold back, without any further costs for the customer.  
+
*In the meantime, Australia banned the selling of MMS and ordered suppliers to take back MMS bottles already sold, without further costs for customers.
  
 
==User Testimonials==
 
==User Testimonials==
*''[...] all of this is bearable (I hope that my sexual dysfunction is only temporary) but the nausea and especially the pain in the stomach and in the belly together with constant belching that also hampers sleeping are really bad. I don't know how I will handle this [...]''.<ref>http://www.mms-selbsthilfe.de/showthread.php?t=2&page=5</ref>
+
*''[...] all of this is tolerable (I hope my sexual dysfunction is only temporary) but the nausea and especially the pain in the stomach together with constant belching that also hampers sleeping are really bad. I don't know whether I can handle this [...]''.<ref>http://www.mms-selbsthilfe.de/showthread.php?t=2&page=5</ref>
*''[...] I have registered just now to warn everybody of this tincture. Yesterday I made a tincture consisting of 50 drops of MMS and 250 drops of wine vinegar and I applied it, after waiting for 10 minutes, without encountering any skin problems. It was said that such a tincture could be stored for three days without any problems. This morning I opened the flask containing the tincture and I almost fell off my chair. The fumes were so strong that I almost dropped it and I spilled some of it. It was deep yellow! My eyes watered, nose was running...Luckily after a quarter of an hour everything was OK again. I poured all of it away immediately [...]''.<ref>http://www.mms-selbsthilfe.de/showthread.php?t=167</ref>
+
*''[...] I have registered just now to warn everybody against this tincture. Yesterday I made a tincture consisting of 50&nbsp;drops of MMS and 250&nbsp;drops of wine vinegar and I applied it, after waiting for 10&nbsp;minutes, without encountering any skin problems. It was said that such a tincture could be stored for three days without any problems. This morning I opened the flask containing the tincture and I almost fell off my chair. The fumes were so strong that I almost dropped it and I spilled some of it. It was deep yellow! My eyes watered, my nose started running...Luckily after 15&nbsp;minutes everything was OK again. I poured all of it away immediately [...]''.<ref>http://www.mms-selbsthilfe.de/showthread.php?t=167</ref>
*''[...] So, I'm using MMS now for 5 days and I have very strong reactions of my body (15 drops in the morning on empty stomach, 15 drops in the evening after dinner), including diarrhea - headache - and, to my big surprise, a heavy head cold, the nose is running all the time [...].''<ref>http://www.mms-selbsthilfe.de/showthread.php?t=2&page=3</ref>
+
*''[...] So, I'm using MMS for 5&nbsp;days now and I have very strong reactions of my body (15&nbsp;drops in the morning on empty stomach, 15 drops in the evening after dinner), including diarrhea - headache - and, to my big surprise, a heavy head cold, the nose is running all the time [...].''<ref>http://www.mms-selbsthilfe.de/showthread.php?t=2&page=3</ref>
 
* ''..the side effects are really severe. Dizziness, deafness on both ears, I can't focus my eyes, blurred thoughts that prevent me from articulating myself clearly, listlessness, weariness and (a special nuisance to my wife) erectional dysfunction...The nausea and especially the pain in the stomach and belly, together with constant belching that also hamper my sleep are really bad. So I don't know how I gonna handle this.''<ref>Quotation of a user "Uwe" in the "MMS Selbsthilfeforum" (MMS self-help forum)</ref>
 
* ''..the side effects are really severe. Dizziness, deafness on both ears, I can't focus my eyes, blurred thoughts that prevent me from articulating myself clearly, listlessness, weariness and (a special nuisance to my wife) erectional dysfunction...The nausea and especially the pain in the stomach and belly, together with constant belching that also hamper my sleep are really bad. So I don't know how I gonna handle this.''<ref>Quotation of a user "Uwe" in the "MMS Selbsthilfeforum" (MMS self-help forum)</ref>
 
<br>
 
<br>
 +
 
==MMS-Quackery and cancer patients==
 
==MMS-Quackery and cancer patients==
 
[[image:newlands4.jpg|Jillian Margaret Newlands|left|180px|thumb]]
 
[[image:newlands4.jpg|Jillian Margaret Newlands|left|180px|thumb]]
 
[[image:newlands5.jpg|180px|thumb]]
 
[[image:newlands5.jpg|180px|thumb]]
In 2009 an Australian quacker named Jillian Margaret Newlands from Mackay (Queensland), who had no license for conducting medical treatments, was sentenced to a fine of 12.000 AUD and her treatment material was seized<ref>http://statements.cabinet.qld.gov.au/MMS/StatementDisplaySingle.aspx?id=63436</ref><ref>http://scepticsbook.com/2009/04/23/quack-fined-12000-ordered-to-stop-selling-fake-cancer-treatment/</ref> for treating breast-cancer patients under no-sterile conditions with MMS-infusions in her so-called ''treatment centre''. To avoid any attention she conducted these treatments in her own garage and urged the patients to keep silent about it. Furthermore she advised against chemotherapy. This case could be fully reconstructed though because the undercover-agent Loretta Marron, who herself had her breast-cancer successfully treated with accepted therapies, managed to videotape such a treatment, using a hidden camera<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_R8S1sp2YvQ</ref>. The patient treated, named Maria Worth, suffered a life-threatening blood clut after application of the MMS-infusion and had to be treated in the Toowoomba Hospital. She had paid 2000 AUD for this useless and dangerous treatment - whereas the source material had a value of app. 25 AUD.<ref>http://atheistage.org/?p=829</ref><ref>http://archive.i2p.com.au/?page=site/article&id=1270</ref><ref>http://atheistage.org/?p=901</ref>
+
In 2009, an Australian quack named Jillian Margaret Newlands from Mackay (Queensland) who had no license for conducting medical treatments was sentenced to a fine of 12,000&nbsp;AUD and her equipment was seized<ref>http://statements.cabinet.qld.gov.au/MMS/StatementDisplaySingle.aspx?id=63436</ref><ref>http://scepticsbook.com/2009/04/23/quack-fined-12000-ordered-to-stop-selling-fake-cancer-treatment/</ref> for treating patients suffering from breast cancer under non-sterile conditions with MMS infusions in her so-called ''treatment centre''. To avoid any attention she conducted these treatments in her own garage and urged patients to keep silent about it. Furthermore she advised against chemotherapy. This case could be fully reconstructed because undercover-agent Loretta Marron, who was successfully cured  of breast cancer with accepted therapies, managed to videotape such a treatment, using a hidden camera.<ref>http://videosift.com/video/Loretta-Marron-busting-a-terrible-horrible-Quack</ref> The patient treated, named Maria Worth, suffered a life-threatening blood clut after application of the MMS-infusion and had to be treated in the Toowoomba Hospital. She had paid 2,000&nbsp;AUD for this useless and dangerous treatment - whereas the source material had a value of approx. 25&nbsp;AUD.<ref>http://atheistage.org/?p=829</ref><ref>http://archive.i2p.com.au/?page=site/article&id=1270</ref><ref>http://atheistage.org/?p=901</ref>
  
 
==MMS2==
 
==MMS2==
In the meantime MMS-inventor Humble launched another product: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=MMS2 MMS2]. This is the corrosive [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_hypochlorite Calcium hypochlorite] (Ca(OCl)2). This compound was used more than a hundred years ago as skin disinfectant. Since it is only badly tolerated it had been replaced by more tolerable and effective substances.There are no reports on oral administration of this substance.
+
In the meantime, MMS-inventor Humble launched another product: [[MMS2]]. This is the corrosive [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_hypochlorite Calcium hypochlorite] (Ca(OCl)2). This compound was used more than a hundred years ago as a skin disinfectant. Since it is only badly tolerated, it had been replaced by more tolerable and effective substances. There are no reports on oral administration of this substance.
 +
 
 +
Calcium hypochlorite is also used as bleaching agent in the paper industry, but is more and more replaced, for reasons of environmental protection, by other substances. It is widely used as swimming pool disinfectant. Building supply stores provide cheap bulk packs for owners of private swimming pools.
  
Calcium hypochlorite is also used as bleaching agent in the paper industry, but is more and more replaced, for reason of environmental protection, by other substances. It is heavily used as swimming pool disinfectant. Building supply stores provide cheap bulk packs for owners of private swimming pools
+
In order to prevent negative side effects to the MMS sales, MMS2 is labeled as being ''as good and complimentary to'' MMS. It is also claimed that the combined application of the two substances lead to some kind of synergistic effects.
  
In order to prevent negative side effects on the MMS sales, MMS2 is labeled as being ''as good and complimentary to'' MMS. It is also claimed that the combined application of the two substances lead to some kind of synergistic effects.
+
{{OtherLang|ge=Miracle Mineral Supplement|en=Miracle Mineral Supplement}}
  
 
==Literature==
 
==Literature==
Line 131: Line 134:
 
*http://www.scienceblogs.de/mutterwitz/2010/09/chlorbleiche-trinken-ist-ungesund.php
 
*http://www.scienceblogs.de/mutterwitz/2010/09/chlorbleiche-trinken-ist-ungesund.php
 
*[http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/?p=6430 David J Kroll: ''Can it get any worse?: industrial bleach as cancer and HIV cure'', Blog "Science-Based Medicine", 6.8.2010]
 
*[http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/?p=6430 David J Kroll: ''Can it get any worse?: industrial bleach as cancer and HIV cure'', Blog "Science-Based Medicine", 6.8.2010]
*http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/sep/15/miracle-mineral-solutions-mms-bleach?  
+
*http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/sep/15/miracle-mineral-solutions-mms-bleach?
 +
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHfpuXDOJw8 YouTube video about MMS]
  
 
==German Weblinks==
 
==German Weblinks==
Line 150: Line 154:
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
  
 +
[[category:AIDS Miracle Therapy]]
 
[[category:Cancer Miracle Therapy]]
 
[[category:Cancer Miracle Therapy]]
[[category:AIDS Miracle Therapy]]
 
[[category:Pseudomedical Therapy]]
 
[[category:Dietary Supplements]]
 

Latest revision as of 20:11, 22 July 2011

MMS on eBay
Inventor Jim Humble alias "Bishop James V. Humble"

Miracle Mineral Supplement (MMS or acitvated Oxygen or Vitamin O2 respectively, MMS1, E 926) is the trade name of a dietary supplement containing so-called activated oxygen. In fact MMS products contain sodium chlorite which under certain circumstances can release the disinfectant Chlorine dioxide. MMS was invented by the American engineer Jim Humble. Humble is not known for having any formal qualification in the field of health care. The self-proclaimed 'Bishop' Humble also founded his own religion and his own church called "Genesis II Church of Health and Healing" which markets PhDs and Reverend-titles of no value.

There is no known scientific study or literature dealing with Miracle Mineral Supplement which proves it a suitable cure for any kind of illness. Proponents of MMS refer to allegedly successful experiments with humans. Such experiments were purportedly conducted in a prison in the African country of Malawi where prisoners were allegedly forced to ingest the disinfectant.[1][2] There are further claims of successful experiments with humans suffering from AIDS having been conducted in Uganda, though no quotable technical literature proving these miracle healings is mentioned. MMS, irresponsibly and without any critical checking, gets advertised in a number of German language esoteric periodicals like NEXUS Magazin, Zeitenschrift[3] and the Mobiwell Verlag (Thomas Kirschner) as well as Bewusst.TV (by Jo Conrad) and Lnc-2010.

Since there is no evidence proving this product indeed works as some kind of "illness killer", the usual conspiracy theories dealing with suppression by authorities have been made up. In the case of MMS, the internationally operating Bilderberger are accused of conspiring to suppress this saving remedy as their contribution to a world-wide population reduction program. This meets another criterion of the Ten criteria for quackery.

Dioxychlor is a product competing with MMS.

MMS

Gefahr.jpg
MMS advertisement found in "vitalundfit100 SL" by Lothar Paulus including the hazard symbol Xn
Aetzend.jpg
typical advertisement

MMS is supposed to contain Chlorine dioxide as an active component which is toxic and harmful to the environment. Sodium chlorite, which dissociates to Chlorine dioxide, is also named. Also, lemon juice is supposed to be included, which is said to have antibiotic properties and, according to Humble, is supposedly the most effective illness killer around. Chlorine dioxide is a yellow-reddish explosive with a pungent odour. Chlorine dioxide, being a disinfectant, undisputedly does kill germs. It is therefore used in water treatment in the so-called chlorination and is responsible for the characteristic smell of swimming pools and sometimes causes reddened eyes. Chlorine dioxide is also used in the paper industry for bleaching purposes and also acts as a preservative in foods (E 926) (American chicken contaminated with chlorine dioxide were an issue with the EU-Commission[4] and were accepted with some constraints after being viewed as "unappetizing" in 1997. In future it is planned to label such chickens as "chlorine-treated from the USA").

Nobody would ever imagine drinking Domestos to treat a bacterial or viral infection. As with colloidal silver, small concentrations have no negative health effects, but are absolutely ineffective as a therapy. Higher concentrations can, in principle, kill germs in the body but will at the same time negatively effect one's health.

Chlorine dioxide is an oxidizing biocide and belongs to the higher-oxidized chlorine compounds. Of all oxidizing biocides, Chlorine dioxide is the most selective one. It only reacts with reduced sulfur-compounds, secondary and tertiary Amines, and other highly reduced and reactive organical substances.

Article from GSP

Sodium chlorite is a very reactive, oxidizing solid matter. It reacts strongly with combustible materials, under certain conditions even being able to start a fire without a source of ignition, and it can facilitate existing fires. It bears the risk of acute as well as chronic health hazards. Chlorites have stronger methemoglobinic capabilities than Chlorates and have explicitly hemotoxic effects. Since Chlorine dioxide has no role in the human metabolism and consequently no deficiency diseases are known, the so-called Vitamin O2 has to be regarded a pseudovitamin.

Whereas dietary supplements are usually advertised for being antioxidants which counter free radicals, now it's the turn of strong oxidizing agents, countering hazards and harmful bacteria in a most miraculous way, while leaving harmless bacteria as well as body cells unharmed.

The periodical GPSP (Gute Pillen - Schlechte Pillen, Good Pills - Bad Pills) evaluates MMS as a product meeting quackery criteria[5]

MMS-Gasbag

Inventor Jim Humble wearing "gasbag"

In 2010, the MMS inventor presented a special form of application, the MMS gas bag. Two plastic garbage bags are put into one another, forming a closed room and are sealed with tape. An opening is then cut into the upper end. Then a small bowl containing activated MMS is put into the gas bag, allowing the formation of Chlorine dioxide. The user then enters the gas bag naked, exposing their skin to the gas.

Marketing

Lothar Paulus and Jim Humble enjoying Fast-Food
Sponsored report on Bewusst.TV by Jo Conrad

In Germany, MMS products are marketed by Luxusline LTD. (director: Dennis Hamann) of Hildesheim and "Julis Foundation Inc." by Norbert Miller from Neuburg a.d. Donau. MMS is also sold via Multi-Level-Marketing and can be found on eBay where it is advertised using health-related promises, violating the German regulations on dietary supplements (NEM-Verordnung). The product sold consists of Sodium chlorite (NaClO2) and comes with an instruction manual dealing with the risks of DIY production of Chloride dioxide.

In November 2008, Humble participated in a conference on "Neuartige Heilmethoden" (new methods of healing) which was organized by Jupiter-Verlag and Adolf Schneider. By their own account, Jupiter-Verlag sold MMS bottles at the premises. Humble had been invited to Europe by the alternative practitioner Sabine Linek.

In German-speaking countries, MMS is also sold by Lothar Paulus via several web sites. Paulus obviously operates his business from Ibiza and owns the Ibiza-registered company "vitalundfitmit100 S.L.".[6] It is interesting to note that Paulus sells MMS-products bearing the "Xn" (harmful) hazard symbol. This symbol is used to label harmful substances which will cause permanent damage to one's health when being swallowed, inhaled or, by penetrating the skin, can cause acute or chronic damages. Typical products labeled like this are toilet cleaners.

Bewusst.TV, a project of Jo Conrad, sells MMS in its web shop. Advertisements for MMS can be found on the web sites of AllEinKlang.tv, an esoteric project run by Hans Hubert Küppers of Northrhine-Westfalia.

Users

Peter Rohsmann
Sabine Linek / Klaus Schustereder
MMS advertisement found in the web shop "Arcadia Eden" of Peter Rohsmann, a medical practitioner.
Advertisement for the non-approved drug MMS by the medical dirrector of the hospital "Klinik St. Georg" in Bad Aibling, Friedrich R. Douwes

Another German MMS proponent is the general practitioner Peter Rohsmann from Habach (near Munich) who also sells MMS products.
Currently, Rohsmann is running a web shop called "Arcadia Eden - Peter Rohsmann e.K.".[7] which is registered at his home address. In this shop he also offers a variety of dietary supplements and household cleaners ("ionized water") as well as MMS as a "Mach mich sauber"(make me clean) system for the treatment of drinking water. Rohsmann warns against the dangers of his product: [...] Harmful in contact with skin - Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas - Risk of serious damage to eyes - Keep away from acids, reducing agents and combustible material - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection - Keep out of the reach of children - Dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point [...][8]


A further user of the non-approved drug MMS is the medical practitioner Friedrich R. Douwes. He is the medical director of the hospital "Klinik St. Georg" in Bad Aibling. Quotation Douwes: MMS is not for treatment of illness and only approved for disinfection of drinking water and food. If one decides though to ingest MMS, generally one should start with one or two drops of MMS, ideally at night before going to bed. It's best to take MMS 5-10 minutes before meals or 2 hours after meals... Using a clean drinking glass, for every drop of MMS one adds the same amount of "activator" (e.g. 10% Citric acid or 9% hydrochloric acid). Then the glass is swirled shortly and one allows the substances to react with each other for three minutes. The reaction time should be 3 minutes, possibly using a egg timer. After this the glass is filled up with water and the diluted solution is drunk without interruption [...][9] This hospital also offers further pseudo-medical therapies (especially for treatment of cancer): Artemisinin, mistletoe therapy, Insulin Potentation (IPT), coffee-enema, Colon hydrotherapy, whole-body hyperthermia, Electro Cancer Therapy, "organo-therapy " with thymus gland extracts ([2] cellular therapy), enzyme therapy and detoxification.

Another promoter of MMS in Switzerland is the Wile-based medical practitioner, TCM-therapist and media business man Ralph Manser.

According to an uncritical article on MMS published in the NEXUS Magazine[10], an Austrian "Dr.med. Klaus Schustereder" (born in 1973) conducted experiments on humans in the Central African Republic. Scenar-user Schustereder is said to be head of the hospital of Baboua where he actually worked from 2005-2007. He supposedly tested MMS and a homeopathic remedy called "PC1" (which was created by Peter Chappell) on AIDS patients. A camera-man by the name of Christian Köhlert was supposedly present at these experiments in Baboua. According to the NEXUS report, he also acted as a miracle healer: (Quotation)

Christian Köhlert also treated people against Malaria using MMS. All of them were cured by the following day.

An alternative practitioner who, according to her own testimony, contributed largely to MMS research is the Berlin based Sabine Linek.

Side Effects

According to advertisements of MMS resellers, the substance is free of side effects. But one can also find blood-curling and utterly unfounded information about MMS side effects on various web sites promoting it:

It is always a good sign if the intake of MMS leads to indisposition. Each change is a sure sign that MMS works and is killing harmful bacteria, virus, mould and yeast fungi and parasites. These dead organisms lead to the generation of toxic substances which trigger the so-called Herxheimer reaction.[11]

The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction is indeed a phenomenon known in clinical microbiology. Such a reaction can only be proven by experts and is typically found when treating certain germs like Spirochaetaceae.

In August 2010, the professional journal "Pediatrics" published an article on children intoxicated by household cleansers in the period of 1990-2006, as they were reported by emergency rooms of hospitals. It was shown that the introduction of childproof closures lead to a reduction of such intoxications. The largest number of cases had been reported with Chlorine bleaching as it is used in MMS.[12]

Scientific literature on Chlorine dioxide (see references) shows possible unwanted consequences of a Chlorine dioxide intake found in laboratory animals and human beings. Most observations relate to laboratory animals though. It can cause the formation of methemoglobine. Also hemolytic anemia (caused by a breakdown of red blood cells) and reduced Glutathion-levels can be found. High Chlorine dioxide levels in the blood are also viewed as being toxic for the kidneys and reduce the average life span of rats and lead to a reduced body mass. Impacts on thyroid glands and the hemogram in apes/monkeys have been reported.

In 1982 a blinded study was conducted where healthy test persons drank a small amount of Chlorine dioxide in water. The small amount of 0,1 milligram ClO2 was tolerated by all test persons without any symptoms.[13]

Administrations advise against MMS

Warning of Health Canada
Warning of US-FDA
Warning of the French INVS
Warning of the Swiss Swissmedic
Warning of the Swiss BAG

Since 2010 several administrations caution against buying and administering MMS.

  • On July 30, 2010, the FDA (USA) issued a warning against applying MMS since it contained industrial bleaching agents and could lead to severe health damages. According to this statement, several reports on health damages found with MMS customers had reached the FDA. Nausea, vomiting, and life-threatening cases of dehydration had been reported. Customers still in possession of MMS were advised to destroy their supplies. Furthermore, the FDA had no research results indicating any benefit from applying MMS to HIV infections, hepatitis, flu, acne, cancer or common cold. Currently, the FDA also considers pressing charges against suppliers.[14][15] Humble reacted to this FDA ban with a warning to international MMS distributors:
Sorry, but my name and my picture must be removed from all sites selling mms in any form. All of the jim humble approval stamps must be removed from every site selling mms. This must happen immediately. Any time the attack comes if my approval is on any sales site that can be used to put me in jail. This is true in most countries as well as the united states, especially in Europe. Please comply with this. It is important. This must be done immediately. Taking my name off of your site will also keep you out of jail. Now is the time to change mms to nothing but water purification drops....When the time comes the authorities must see nothing but mms water purification drops. We will have to depend upon my book, radio, TV, you tube, and other internet articles to tell what mms really is. One other point, anywhere on your site where the word supplement is used it should be changed to the word "solution", the reason for that is the FDA objects to the word supplement, that begins to neutralize our sites. Is for your protection.
  • On October, 13. 2010, the Swiss Swissmedic issued a warning against MMS titled "Warning against the so-called miracle drug 'Miracle Mineral Supplements (MMS)'". According to Swissmedic, several reports on side-effects in connection with the use of "Miracle Mineral Supplements (MMS)" had been published in different countries. Oral ingestion, according to Swissmedic, caused gastrointestinal disorders of varying severity, including hospitalization due to life-threatening conditions.[16] Swissmedic refers to a warning against MMS issued by the Swiss "Bundesamt für Gesundheit" (BAG, Federal Office of Public Health) dating October 8., 2010. According to BAG, the "Schweizerische Toxikologische Informationszentrum" (STIZ, Swiss Toxicological Information Centre) had received several reports on health disorders after ingestion of MMS[17]
  • On October 5, 2010, French authorities "Institut de veille sanitaire" (InVS) and "Agence française de sécurité sanitaire des produits de santé" (Afssaps) published a warning against MMS as the product "Solution minérale miracle" could cause health damages and had been the cause of several cases of intoxication in France (Ce produit est à l’origine de cas d’intoxication). Persons who had purchased MMS were warned against using it and persons already having ingested MMS were urged to see a doctor.[18]
  • In Canada MMS was already banned in May 2010 by "Health Canada"[19]
  • In the meantime, Australia banned the selling of MMS and ordered suppliers to take back MMS bottles already sold, without further costs for customers.

User Testimonials

  • [...] all of this is tolerable (I hope my sexual dysfunction is only temporary) but the nausea and especially the pain in the stomach together with constant belching that also hampers sleeping are really bad. I don't know whether I can handle this [...].[20]
  • [...] I have registered just now to warn everybody against this tincture. Yesterday I made a tincture consisting of 50 drops of MMS and 250 drops of wine vinegar and I applied it, after waiting for 10 minutes, without encountering any skin problems. It was said that such a tincture could be stored for three days without any problems. This morning I opened the flask containing the tincture and I almost fell off my chair. The fumes were so strong that I almost dropped it and I spilled some of it. It was deep yellow! My eyes watered, my nose started running...Luckily after 15 minutes everything was OK again. I poured all of it away immediately [...].[21]
  • [...] So, I'm using MMS for 5 days now and I have very strong reactions of my body (15 drops in the morning on empty stomach, 15 drops in the evening after dinner), including diarrhea - headache - and, to my big surprise, a heavy head cold, the nose is running all the time [...].[22]
  • ..the side effects are really severe. Dizziness, deafness on both ears, I can't focus my eyes, blurred thoughts that prevent me from articulating myself clearly, listlessness, weariness and (a special nuisance to my wife) erectional dysfunction...The nausea and especially the pain in the stomach and belly, together with constant belching that also hamper my sleep are really bad. So I don't know how I gonna handle this.[23]


MMS-Quackery and cancer patients

Jillian Margaret Newlands
Newlands5.jpg

In 2009, an Australian quack named Jillian Margaret Newlands from Mackay (Queensland) who had no license for conducting medical treatments was sentenced to a fine of 12,000 AUD and her equipment was seized[24][25] for treating patients suffering from breast cancer under non-sterile conditions with MMS infusions in her so-called treatment centre. To avoid any attention she conducted these treatments in her own garage and urged patients to keep silent about it. Furthermore she advised against chemotherapy. This case could be fully reconstructed because undercover-agent Loretta Marron, who was successfully cured of breast cancer with accepted therapies, managed to videotape such a treatment, using a hidden camera.[26] The patient treated, named Maria Worth, suffered a life-threatening blood clut after application of the MMS-infusion and had to be treated in the Toowoomba Hospital. She had paid 2,000 AUD for this useless and dangerous treatment - whereas the source material had a value of approx. 25 AUD.[27][28][29]

MMS2

In the meantime, MMS-inventor Humble launched another product: MMS2. This is the corrosive Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2). This compound was used more than a hundred years ago as a skin disinfectant. Since it is only badly tolerated, it had been replaced by more tolerable and effective substances. There are no reports on oral administration of this substance.

Calcium hypochlorite is also used as bleaching agent in the paper industry, but is more and more replaced, for reasons of environmental protection, by other substances. It is widely used as swimming pool disinfectant. Building supply stores provide cheap bulk packs for owners of private swimming pools.

In order to prevent negative side effects to the MMS sales, MMS2 is labeled as being as good and complimentary to MMS. It is also claimed that the combined application of the two substances lead to some kind of synergistic effects.

Versions of this article in other languages

Literature

  • Gute Pillen - schlechte Pillen. Nr. 5 (Sept./Okt. 2008): Aufgespießt - Miracle Mineral Supplement. Publisher: Verbraucherzeitschrift für Medikamente in Deutschland, arznei-telegramm, DER ARZNEIMITTELBRIEF, Pharma-Brief und Arzneiverordnung in der Praxis (AVP).

  • Lin JL, Lim PS. Acute sodium chlorite poisoning associated with renal failure. Ren Fail. 1993;15(5):645-8.
  • Judith R. Lubbers, Sudha Chauan, Joseph R. Bianchine: Controlled Clinical Evaluations of Chlorine Dioxide, Chlorite and Chlorate in Man, (1982) Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 46, S. 57-62, 1982. [3]
  • Lubbers, J. R., Chauhan, S., Miller, J. K., and Bianchine, J. R. The effects of chronic administration of chlorine dioxide, chlorite and chlorate to normal healthy adult male volunteers. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. 5 (2, 3): 879-888 (1982)
  • Heffernan, W. P., Guion, C., and Bull, R. J. Oxidative damage to the erythrocyte induced by sodium chlorite in vitro. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. 2(6): 1487-1499 (1979).
  • Musil, J., Kontek, Z., Chalupa, J., and Schmidt, P. Toxicological aspects of chlorine dioxide application for the treatment of water containing phenol. Chem. Technol. Praze. 8: 327-345 (1964)
  • Moore, G. S., and Calabrese, E. J. The effects of chlorine dioxide and sodium chlorite on erythrocytes of A-J and C-57L-J mice. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. 4(2, 3): 513-524 (1980)
  • Moore, G. S. and Calabrese, E. J. G-6-PD-deficiency - a potential high-risk group to copper and chlorite ingestion. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. 4(2, 3): 271-279 (1980)
  • Moore, G. S., Calabrese, E. J. and Ho, S. C. Groups at potentially high-risk from chlorine dioxide treated water. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. 4(2, 3): 465-470 (1980)
  • Couri, D., Miller, C. H., Bull, R. J., Delphia, J. M., Ammar, E. M. Assessment of maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity and teratogenic potential of sodium chlorite in Sprague-Dawley rats., Environ. Health Perspect. 46: 25-29 (1982)

English Weblinks

German Weblinks

Links to Material Safety Data Sheets and Fact Sheets

References

  1. http://www.miraclems.com
  2. http://www.alleinklang.tv/themen/naturheilkunde/mms-tropfen-miracle-mineral-supplement.html
  3. Benjamin Seiler, Zeitenschrift, Heft 59
  4. http://lifestyle.t-online.de/c/15/15/71/42/15157142.html
  5. Gute Pillen - schlechte Pillen. Nr. 5 (Sept./Okt. 2008): Aufgespießt - Miracle Mineral Supplement. Herausgeber: Verbraucherzeitschrift für Medikamente in Deutschland, arznei-telegramm, DER ARZNEIMITTELBRIEF, Pharma-Brief und Arzneiverordnung in der Praxis (AVP)
  6. vitalundfitmit100 S.L., Geschäftsführer Lothar Paulus, Ctr. Ibiza-Sant Josep, km 11,5 Apdo. 282, E-07830 Sant Josep Spanien. Telefon: +34 971343623 / +49 1637726543 Fax +34971343623. Lothar Paulus, C/des Calo, Cala de Bou, edificio PalmBeach 2-2d 07839 Sant Josep, Ibiza Spanien
  7. Arcadia Eden - Peter Rohsmann e.K., Sindelsdorferstraße 12, 82392 Habach-Dürnhausen
  8. https://www.arcadia-eden.com/wasserbehandlung/mms-neu/
  9. http://www.klinik-st-georg.de/pdf/dr_douwes_informiert/2010-04_MMS_Wirkung.pdf
  10. http://www.nexus-magazin.de/artikel/lesen/jim-humble-erstmalig-in-deutschland-beim-kongress-fuer-neuartige-heilmethoden/2?context=category&category=2
  11. Quelle: jimhumblemms.de
  12. Lara B. McKenzie, Nisha Ahir, Uwe Stolz, Nicolas G. Nelson: Household Cleaning Product-Related Injuries Treated in US Emergency, Pediatrics, 2.8.2010, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2009-3392 Volltext
  13. *Judith R. Lubbers, Sudha Chauan, Joseph R. Bianchine: Controlled Clinical Evaluations of Chlorine Dioxide, Chlorite and Chlorate in Man, (1982) Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 46, S. 57-62, 1982. [1]
  14. http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm220747.htm
  15. http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/?p=6430
  16. http://www.swissmedic.ch/aktuell/00003/01409/index.html?lang=de
  17. http://www.bag.admin.ch/themen/lebensmittel/04861/11249/index.html?lang=de
  18. http://www.invs.sante.fr/recherche/index2.asp?txtQuery=mms&Submit.x=0&Submit.y=0
  19. http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ahc-asc/media/advisories-avis/_2010/2010_74-eng.php
  20. http://www.mms-selbsthilfe.de/showthread.php?t=2&page=5
  21. http://www.mms-selbsthilfe.de/showthread.php?t=167
  22. http://www.mms-selbsthilfe.de/showthread.php?t=2&page=3
  23. Quotation of a user "Uwe" in the "MMS Selbsthilfeforum" (MMS self-help forum)
  24. http://statements.cabinet.qld.gov.au/MMS/StatementDisplaySingle.aspx?id=63436
  25. http://scepticsbook.com/2009/04/23/quack-fined-12000-ordered-to-stop-selling-fake-cancer-treatment/
  26. http://videosift.com/video/Loretta-Marron-busting-a-terrible-horrible-Quack
  27. http://atheistage.org/?p=829
  28. http://archive.i2p.com.au/?page=site/article&id=1270
  29. http://atheistage.org/?p=901