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<hr />
<div>Homoeopathy is a [[Pseudoscience|pseudo-scientific]] method which is used for the treatment of nearly all illnesses. It was invented by the saxon doctor and occultist [[Samuel Hahnemann]] around the year 1800 and exists almost unchanged today. The homoeopathy relies on two general basic principles. One of them, known as the "law of similars", is "let like be cured by like." Inventor Hahnemann specified at that time that, according to the law of similars, every illness is cured by substances which cause similar symptoms when they are taken by a healthy patient. The other priciple is called potentization. The homoeopathic remedies shall work the more strongly the more they are diluted into solution according to a particular procedure. None of these two principles could be confirmed experimentally until now.<br />
<br />
Homoeopathy believers are frequently, consciously or unconsciously, overall sceptical in relation to the scientific medicine: With the (mostly irrational) fear of the "harmful chemistry" a "nocebo effect" which impairs the effect of well approved conventional methods is connected inseparably.<br />
<br />
Also see: [[Allopathy]]<br />
<br />
==Variants of homoeopathy==<br />
Different variants of the original classic homoeopathy have taken shape to Hahnemann in the course of the time. So one distinguishes low-potentizers from high-potentizers, monotherapists of polypragmatists, homoeopathic physiotherapists of anthroposophic homoeopaths, etc.<br />
<br />
*Classic homoeopathy is the form of the homoeopathy which strictly orientates itself at Samuel Hahnemann's teachings. According to Hahnemann only one single remedy at the time shall be given for all physical or intellectual illnesses. The classically working homoeopath is looking for the one of his opinion to suitable similar. The most well-known current representative is Georgos Vithoulkas.<br />
*Constitutional homoeopathy is the application of homoeopathic remedy mixtures due to an illness diagnosis. Also see: Constitutional homoeopathy<br />
*The clinical homoeopathy describes the application of homoeopathic remedies in so-called low-potencies (D1-D12) according to certain diagnoses.<br />
*Miasmatic homoeopathy describes different variants of the constitutional homoeopathy with the emphasis on the therapy of chronic illnesses under consideration of Hahneman's miasmatic theory.<br />
*Microimmunetherapy calls itself a method at which cytokines are potentized and given to sublingual. In doing so, it is posited by the suppliers that a high concentration of components of the immune system would lie under the tongue. The therapy is as of, aimed to modulate the immune system about the potentized effect of cytokines. Maurice Jenaer is regarded as a founder of the micro immune therapy. A supplier of microimmunal therapeutic agents is the enterprise Labo'Life which also has a patent on "specific nucleid acids". Details on effect and composition of the remedies are missing.<br />
*The biochemical homoeopathy refers to a homoeopathy variant at which nosodes and potentized poisons are used (Also see the Horvi-Enzyme-Therapy). The method is apparently only used by her inventress, the biochemist and non-medical practitioner Karin Lenger from Offenbach.<br />
*Newer interpretations and derivatives of the homoeopathy are in coming. Here, fluent transitions let themselves be seen towards faith-healing or an energy medicine. Representatives of this mostly refused group among classic homoeopaths, believe that they do not need to introduce the remedies into the body of the patient after case history and repertorization. Alone the spatial proximity of the remedy to the patient suffices to develop an effect. The remedies could be carried at the body or put under the pillow, for example. A glass of water also can show homoeopathic effects if it is put merely on a sheet of paper with the name of the remedy. The sheet of paper shall transfer its information to glass water which is to be used. Typical methods from this spectrum are the Harmopathy, New Homoeopathy after Erich Körbler, Seghal method, Herscue method, process-oriented homoeopathy, quantum logical homoeopathy, creative homoeopathy, impulse homoeopathy, the Similis cards, Silent Healing or the Sankaran method (also called "Bombay method" or "systematic homoeopathy"). The tele-homoeopathy is one variant of the homoeopathy of which her inventor claims that this works as a remote treatment over the Internet (e-mail or Skype) or via telephone.<br />
*The homoeosiniatry is a method to unite the elements of the homoeopathy and the traditional Chinese medicine. Both acupuncture and homoeopathic remedies come to the applications.<br />
*Digital homoeopathy as an alternative expression for the Holopathy.<br />
*[[Banerji protocol]] - Method<br />
*C4-Homoeopathy<br />
*"resonance-healing" after Peter Chappell<br />
<br />
The electrohomoeopathy has to do little apart from the named similarity with the homoeopathy and refers to a variant of the Spagyric. Also certain equipment operated electrically for the diagnostics or therapy is taken to connection by its inventors and suppliers with the homoeopathy or refers to it. To be called exemplary have here for Cem Tech, transmaterial catalyst or Wave transfer.<br />
<br />
After the living beings to be treated you distinguish between the homoeopathy for well-being purposes with man as well as the animal homoeopathy and plant homoeopathy. The plant homoeopathy is an expression for methods wherewith the help of homoeopathic products the plant growth shall be influenced. (Example: Product Biplantol.) <br />
<br />
==Hering's law of cure==<br />
A so-called [[Hering's law]] of cure goes back on a suggestion of the Hahnemann supporter Constantin Hering from Saxony in the 19th century. Herring believed that a recovery is carried out, if it goes to an extinction of symptoms in the following directions:<br />
<br />
*from inside to the outside<br />
*from above to below<br />
*of now too earlier<br />
<br />
==Being missing the scientific basis==<br />
After about 200 years of research of homoeopaths and non-homoeopaths no scientific proof of an effect of the homoeopathy going beyond the placebo effect has been confessed and it is also regarded as a disproven hypothesis today. After today's level of knowledge homoeopathy has to be equated with a placebo therapy, what does not have to be said, though, that it is completely ineffective. One can indeed, particularly with charismatic therapists and corresponding therapeutical ritual, assume that it can achieve an effect on corresponding patients opposite to a non-treatment (that is the idleness). Dangers result from the homoeopathy from the fact that homoeopaths and patients overestimate the placebo effects of the homoeopathy and refrain from reproducibly effective treatments with an effectiveness proof which goes beyond the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
What speaks against homoeopathy are the missing effectiveness proofs, the pseudo-scientific dogmatic character of the homoeopathy schools (which are actually orthodox medical practitioners), the completely missing prevention of the illness as well as inner contradictions like the not reproducible cinchona experiment to which Hahnemann alternatively refers. Homoeopaths don't like to say how long a therapy shall be carried out. From the chemical scientific point of view the method of potentization (which is in reality a dilution under certain circumstances) cannot be brought with the reality into harmony.<br />
<br />
As an argument for the homoeopathy the lack of side effects is often mentioned. The argument is, that hardly side effects have to be expected at a strong potentization (dilution). This argument contradicts, however, the assumption that potentization would make the effect of the substances grow and is therefore a contradiction in terms. The claim to strengthen the self-healing ability of man is often named as an argument for the homoeopathy, too. The supporters remain the proof of it, however, guiltily.<br />
<br />
Contrary to frequently common views around an integral treatment in the context of the homoeopathy it is to consider this alternative medicine as a symptom based therapy form which is based exclusively on described and observable symptoms of the patient. The aetiology of illnesses (cause study) gets largely hidden.<br />
<br />
Hahnemann and modern homoeopaths orientate themselves at healing laws of which the idea also is part that homoeopathic therapies treat people from inside to the outside and beginningly with the latest symptom. In turn such ideas do not have any basis in any models of biology or illness.<br />
<br />
The medical faculty of the University of Marburg declared the homoeopathy as false doctrine in the medical news of March 3rd, 1993: It's active principle is deception of the patient, strengthened by the self-deception of the therapist.<br />
<br />
==Pseudo-scientific explanation approaches==<br />
The homoeopathy is not plausible from the scientific view: It contradicts the logic, the laws of nature and medical knowledge of the past and presence. High potencies after D 23 or C 12 do not contain any molecule of the raw material. How shall drops which only consist of solvents operate? There is no water memory which could take "information".<br />
<br />
It is not meaningful in the scientific medicine to explain the operation of methods which can not provide the slightest effectiveness proof. The question about the active principle of the homoeopathy is completely senseless as long as there are no indications that homoeopathy develops an effect at all. All attempts at explanation of the homoeopathy are not founded therefore scientifically and will be able to do as classified pseudo-scientifically.<br />
<br />
This, however, does not stop homoeopaths from thinking up working mechanisms to the homoeopathy and publishing these. The span width reaches the pseudo-scientific re-interpretation of quantum mechanical and atom physical knowledge (see of animistic ideas of spirit animated matter in which the potentization releases the positive spirits (also vibrations) of the substances: Quantum mysticism.<br />
<br />
The water memory, which Jacques Benveniste thought to have found, is often quoted as evidence. It is clear at the latest since 1995 that Benvenistes results are not comprehensible. It is nevertheless claimed furthermore that high potencies would contain information, although neither one can find information carriers nor a code is conceivable. So it is not surprising that the last "evidence" which is celebrated as a breakthrough proved also wrong and intolerable with rat intestines at the university Leipzig. An extensive appreciation of this pseudo research at the university Leipzig is found here: [4]. Whatever information the structure of the water contains in the conception of the supporters, it would have to be transferred also to the sugar pills on which the drop of the homoeopathic water is laid on. The memory of the water would have to "survive" in a way the ingestion and absorption through the gastrointestinal system in the body and the transport by the blood up to the tissue. Biologists have neither found a "water memory" nor discovered homoeopathic signals or receptors, still something which could plausibly serve as a receptor for water structures.<br />
<br />
Today's homoeopaths often retire on the quantum mechanics to explain the alleged effect of homoeopathic remedies. However, quantum effects are from importance only at a subatomic and perhaps still atomic level. They are not relevant for the macroscopic world or biological systems like viruses, single cells or upward. <br />
<br />
The fact that also diluted water is offered as a homoeopathic remedy (1 gram of a diluted water costs about 1 pound, see illustration on the right) makes the concept just as doubtfully as the assertions of some homoeopaths that an effect would start out from remedies carried under the pillow or at the body.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and medical ethic==<br />
Besides the dangers of a refrained or delayed effective therapy in favour of the application of homoeopathic remedies, also other ethical questions arise. The prescription of homoeopathic remedies as a placebo can have only a sense if the therapist does not inform the patient about the actual placebo character of these remedies, and withholds the fact from him that (at least in the high-potentized remedies) no working molecule is contained. It is a disdain of ethical principles not to inform the patient about the real character of a therapy and undermines also the relation to the patient which is based on confidence.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and malaria prophylaxis and anti tick globules==<br />
In Germany it is to be observed again and again that homoeopaths use the remedy malaria 2000 (or another remedy) to a so-called malaria prophylaxis for patients who intend to travel to a country in which the malaria is endemic. Regularly malaria patients have to be treated who indicate to have prepared in such a way in front of malaria and were infected nevertheless. It came to at least one death of a patient after a malaria 2000 prophylaxis. The Bavarian broadcast quotes the tropics institute in Munich on his web pages, there therefore were several deaths with people who had relied on a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis. The drug commissions of the pharmacists and the German medical association took position with publications and clear warnings against such a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis: The drug commission of the pharmacists has warned of a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis in the pharmaceutical newspaper already on March 19th, 1998. It is put straight that malaria represents a serious and partly life-threatening illness and "is not to be confronted with non-specific homoeopathic remedies of which one hopes for an increased immunity of the body against malaria pathogenes. Such malfunctioned “prophylaxis” cases are literature-well-informed". You warn therefore urgently to hand in homoeopathic means to the malaria prophylaxis. It is urgently advised against to hand in homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis. The drug commission of the German medical association warn even more considerably and more sharply in the German medical news 95 of June 19th, 1998. The drug commission took reference to a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis offered by a company. Literal: "Set up doctors who order patients a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis have to expect profession legal and criminal consequences. The malaria is a serious and perhaps life-threatening illness, because of the acute endangering of the patients who perhaps rely on their homoeopathic remedy, the drug commission of the German medical association sees at the prescription of such homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis a violation of the professional duties of the doctor and disadvises urgently, for the safety of the patients, from a prescription of such remedies. On the other hand the illness prophylaxis is controversial within the homoeopathy scene, because no homoeopathic remedies can be found without recognizable symptoms. Also in England such malaria prophylaxes had been confessed and the English state NHS therefore suspended the payments to homoeopathic facilities as of 2008.<br />
<br />
Also so-called anti ticks globules are similarly critical to prevent a Lyme disease illness on a natural way, how a pharmacy in Arnsberg secretly means. To this this pharmacy has developed a special mixture with a homoeopathic manufacturer which contains nosodes, which shall represent a homoeopathic vaccination. It particularly is referred to the Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE),which is transferred by ticks, and the Lyme disease. The anti ticks globules shall contain in addition also Ledum palustre (Marsh Labrador tea), what is supposed to change the body odour of one's own according to a protection.<br />
<br />
The application of Spenglersan Kolloid M-remedies for the the malaria prophylaxis could not prevent documented a malaria, Swedish doctors published case reports and a warning to this. <br />
<br />
The World Health Organization WHO has explicitly warned 2009 of the homoeopathy as a treatment option at malaria, HIV infection, tuberculosis, influenza and diarrhoeas in the childhood.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathic Antidots==<br />
Supporters of the homoeopathy are afraid of apparently unwanted effects of the own therapies, particularly as too intensive first worsenings after a homoeopathic medication. But this case is also provided for by so-called homoeopathic antidotes. Therefore it would be sufficient to disable the remedy causing the first worsenings by a couple of drinks of a strong coffee or by smelling to camphors (tiger balsam, Vic-vapo rup ...). According to the so-called women's magazine "FÜR SIE" (engl. for her) mobile telephones would "impair" homoeopathic remedies in their effect. At the taking of such a remedy one should set the mobile telephone aside. The electromagnetic fields of radio alarms, computers and microwaves also can impair the effect of the remedies.<br />
<br />
==History of the homoeopathy==<br />
One can grant the homoeopathy thoroughly "scientific" character in the time of the development (according to definition at that time). After all, Hahnemann proceeded empirically and checked his thesis at experiments on himself. Nowadays the gain of knowledge since this time makes the theory only seem interesting from the medicine historical view. The homoeopathy cannot be regarded as a serious medical method due to the missing effectiveness proof. At Hahnemann's times neither a clinical thermometer was invented nor the knowledge of bacteria was acquired, instead the strangest attempts to explain arised (miasma for example, pathogenic steams which raise of the ground), so that one must quite regard Hahnemann's model from historical view as reasonable. From today's view after over two centuries of enormous knowledge profit one can suspect that even Hahnemann, he would still live and have today's knowledge, would mock his apologists. So the homoeopathy was already criticized intensely over 100 years ago (see links). The similarity principle of the homoeopathy does not go back on Hahnemann, there already were analogous conceivabilities (for example in England) before.<br />
<br />
Furthermore it is remarkable that some of Hahnemanns recommendations from the Organon, such as the application of a hot terpentine to scald injuries, are not propagated broadly anymore. With injuries at which one can immediately see the success or failure of a treatment the teachings are rejected partly correctly as obsolete and unfounded. The parts of Hahemanns teachings which are also illogical and unfounded, however, are commercialized profitably at whose putting into action one can hope for the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathic doctors in Europe==<br />
5.000 doctors shall approximately have attained a qualification as homoeopath in Germany. The net newspaper says that approximately every 40th doctor has a qualification in "homoeopathy" in Germany at the moment. According to information from the ECHAMP about 2.5% of the doctors in Germany, 8.3% in Italy and in 14% Slovakia, have a qualification in "homoeopathy". On the other hand, the quota is under 0.03% in Sweden, of almost 30.000 only ten have a homoeopathic additional training for Swedish doctors, altogether. 56.000 doctors would therefore almost Europe-wide have a qualification in "homoeopathy". The so glaringly different acceptance of the homoeopathy into two industrial nations like Germany and Sweden at a comparable health status of the German and Swede shows that the homoeopathy can be renounced without problems on the one hand apparently without a relevant effect arising on the population's health and on the other hand that the popularity of the homoeopathy is rather not associated to scientific arguments or proofs of evidence, but relies more on philosophy of lives, prejudices or traditions. Convincing scientific arguments and effectiveness proofs which would speak for the application of the homoeopathy, would also have convinced Swedish physicians.<br />
<br />
==The business with homeopathics==<br />
Germany and France are the most important markets for a homoeopathic and anthroposophic-homoeopathic medicine in Europe. Almost 60% of all medicines of these therapy directions produced in Europe were, sold [27] with a Europe-wide increase of 60% between 1995 and 2005 in these two countries. In Germany there was a turnover plus of 80%, in France 300%. The Europe-wide sales volume amounts to 1.7 billion euros, about 7% of all medicine available without prescription. The revenues of the production amounted to about 930 million euros, therefrom 810 million euros for medicine in 2005. Measured against the manufacturer's prices about 268 million euros of the EU sales were allotted to Germany, on France 294 million euros. According to information from the weekly periodical of "Der Spiegel" the sales volume of the homoeopathy remedies was at 400 million euros in 2009. According to information from the federal association of the pharmaceutical industry the legal health insurance companies paid 9 million euros for homoeopathic remedies. The subsequent costs are not, however, included for ineffective homoeopathic therapies here. The costs by homoeopathic first and subsequent case histories which must be usually paid by the patients are also not comparable with these costs. The market leading enterprise in Germany is the German homoeopathy union (DHU). The group with over 400 employees has developed out of the company Schwabe set up in 1961.<br />
<br />
The most used homeopathic is Oscilococcinum C200. This remedy also is called the "20 million canard". The annual turnover for the product is 20 million dollars. The remedy is produced from duck liver, but only the liver of one single duck is used for the complete sales volume, and of this something is left: The potentization of C200 means that the ratio of liver to the solution 1 to 10 is with 400 zeros.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy is financially interesting for doctors==<br />
The payoff of "homoeopathic" benefits by doctors gets more and more attractive for these as the doctor newspaper reported already 2007. The compensation contains € 90 first case history, € 20 Repertorisation, € 20 analysis and € 45 subsequent case history. For these € 175 a set up specialist cares for 5 "conventional" patients for a whole quarter, regardless how often these appear in the practice. In principle, as a National Health patient one can take up homoeopathic performances at such illness forms "at which a cure or alleviation has to be expected by a specifical therapeutical response of potentially still available self-healing strengths".<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and controversial measles parties==<br />
2005 became known that supporters of the homoeopathy do not decline so-called measles parties generally. Quotation of a corresponding newspaper article: Homoeopathic doctors do not decline "measles parties" generally. At tradeoff of the possible side effects of a vaccination with the risks of an illness, an infection caused consciously "is worth a consideration, at an age between about three and eight years" said the Munich paediatrician Dr. Steffen Rabe.<br />
<br />
It is a result of the vaccinating campaigns that in comparison with in the past more babies and adults fall ill at measles outbreaks today. The risk of falling ill with complications, such as a brain fever, because of measles was, however, higher with this group of people up to ten times, Rabe said. "The increased measles illness frequency with babies is an immediate result of the vaccinating politics", so Rabe. The last decision on the participation of a child in a "measles party" always rests with parents in the opinion of the doctor.<br />
<br />
In the case of a measles illness the paediatrician recommends the complete renunciation of fever-reducing drugs since these possibly increase the complication risk. "The patient rather needs primarily silence and rest." In many cases, the illness has to be treated well with classic homoeopathy.<br />
<br />
==Studies on homoeopathy==<br />
===The early studies===<br />
<br />
Already to life times of Hahnemann his teaching was controversial and aroused lively discussions and the first tests with homeopathics proceeded negatively. Hahnemann's readings couldn't be confirmed in repetitions of his original „medicine tests“. The famous cinchona experiment the teaching is based on was a mistake: Although cinchona lowers the body temperature, Hahnemann felt fevers after the taking. Possibly an allergic reaction. The non-blinded "drug examinations" without switching off a possible placebo effect by comparison with a fake medication are not acceptable scientifically either.<br />
<br />
===The homoeopathy studies in the time of the National Socialism===<br />
There were further examinations to the homoeopathy in the time of the National Socialism. The regime wanted a reorientation in the health service, the "new German medicine". Moreover, the criticism of jewished orthodox medicine got pure in National Socialist circles. Drug studies were done at different homoeopathic hospitals by the Reichsgesundheitsamt (RGA) between 1936 and 1939, much of them placebo checked. Above all the reliability of earlier medicine examinations and thus also the priority of the "pharmacological picture" developing on them should be investigated. The homoeopath Hanns Rabe (1890-1959), the internist Werner Siebert (1897-1951) and the pharmacology professors Gustav Kuschinsky (1904-1992) and Richard Bonsmann belonged to the study group. At that time the doctor and homoeopath Fritz Donner (1896-1979) who was working in Berlin at the homoeopathic department of the Rudolf Virchow hospital, was involved substantially at these checks too. Extensive notes from Donner about the RGA examinations and previous studies became known as Donner report for the homoeopathy and are available today in the original in the "homoeopathy archives" of the institute for history of the medicine of the Robert Bosch foundation in Stuttgart. But nothing positive for the homoeopathy came of the government-supported examinations. Double blinded experiments were carried out with Silicea C30, for example. The result: Verum and placebo caused equal much symptoms. It was not possible for the homoeopaths present to distinguish verum and placebo. In 1938/39 clinical attempts with homeopathics were also accomplished with negative results in the Robert Koch hospital in Berlin. The homoeopath Rabe reacted with the assumption that [ ... ] homoeopathy is no pharmacotherapeutic method, as assumed till now, but a form of psychotherapy [ ... ]. Fritz Donner in a memory protocol: Truthfully one would have to answer that during the medicine examination nothing came out and that a reaction speaking for a therapeutical effect of the used medicines never has occurred in the clinical tests with a patient. Nevertheless it was announced officially that certain difficulties would have manifested themselves so that one must start newly. The war prevented however further research. Donner expressed himself more considerably later within the 1960s: He called the examination a total fiasco for the homoeopathy.<br />
<br />
{{OtherLang|ge=Homöopathie|nl=Homeopathie|en=Homoeopathy}}<br />
<br />
[[category:Homoeopathy]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Homeopathy&diff=2054Homeopathy2012-02-17T22:38:38Z<p>Pamela: /* The homoeopathy studies in the time of the National Socialism */</p>
<hr />
<div>Homoeopathy is a [[Pseudoscience|pseudo-scientific]] method which is used for the treatment of nearly all illnesses. It was invented by the saxon doctor and occultist [[Samuel Hahnemann]] around the year 1800 and exists almost unchanged today. The homoeopathy relies on two general basic principles. One of them, known as the "law of similars", is "let like be cured by like." Inventor Hahnemann specified at that time that, according to the law of similars, every illness is cured by substances which cause similar symptoms when they are taken by a healthy patient. The other priciple is called potentization. The homoeopathic remedies shall work the more strongly the more they are diluted into solution according to a particular procedure. None of these two principles could be confirmed experimentally until now.<br />
<br />
Homoeopathy believers are frequently, consciously or unconsciously, overall sceptical in relation to the scientific medicine: With the (mostly irrational) fear of the "harmful chemistry" a "nocebo effect" which impairs the effect of well approved conventional methods is connected inseparably.<br />
<br />
Also see: [[Allopathy]]<br />
<br />
==Variants of homoeopathy==<br />
Different variants of the original classic homoeopathy have taken shape to Hahnemann in the course of the time. So one distinguishes low-potentizers from high-potentizers, monotherapists of polypragmatists, homoeopathic physiotherapists of anthroposophic homoeopaths, etc.<br />
<br />
*Classic homoeopathy is the form of the homoeopathy which strictly orientates itself at Samuel Hahnemann's teachings. According to Hahnemann only one single remedy at the time shall be given for all physical or intellectual illnesses. The classically working homoeopath is looking for the one of his opinion to suitable similar. The most well-known current representative is Georgos Vithoulkas.<br />
*Constitutional homoeopathy is the application of homoeopathic remedy mixtures due to an illness diagnosis. Also see: Constitutional homoeopathy<br />
*The clinical homoeopathy describes the application of homoeopathic remedies in so-called low-potencies (D1-D12) according to certain diagnoses.<br />
*Miasmatic homoeopathy describes different variants of the constitutional homoeopathy with the emphasis on the therapy of chronic illnesses under consideration of Hahneman's miasmatic theory.<br />
*Microimmunetherapy calls itself a method at which cytokines are potentized and given to sublingual. In doing so, it is posited by the suppliers that a high concentration of components of the immune system would lie under the tongue. The therapy is as of, aimed to modulate the immune system about the potentized effect of cytokines. Maurice Jenaer is regarded as a founder of the micro immune therapy. A supplier of microimmunal therapeutic agents is the enterprise Labo'Life which also has a patent on "specific nucleid acids". Details on effect and composition of the remedies are missing.<br />
*The biochemical homoeopathy refers to a homoeopathy variant at which nosodes and potentized poisons are used (Also see the Horvi-Enzyme-Therapy). The method is apparently only used by her inventress, the biochemist and non-medical practitioner Karin Lenger from Offenbach.<br />
*Newer interpretations and derivatives of the homoeopathy are in coming. Here, fluent transitions let themselves be seen towards faith-healing or an energy medicine. Representatives of this mostly refused group among classic homoeopaths, believe that they do not need to introduce the remedies into the body of the patient after case history and repertorization. Alone the spatial proximity of the remedy to the patient suffices to develop an effect. The remedies could be carried at the body or put under the pillow, for example. A glass of water also can show homoeopathic effects if it is put merely on a sheet of paper with the name of the remedy. The sheet of paper shall transfer its information to glass water which is to be used. Typical methods from this spectrum are the Harmopathy, New Homoeopathy after Erich Körbler, Seghal method, Herscue method, process-oriented homoeopathy, quantum logical homoeopathy, creative homoeopathy, impulse homoeopathy, the Similis cards, Silent Healing or the Sankaran method (also called "Bombay method" or "systematic homoeopathy"). The tele-homoeopathy is one variant of the homoeopathy of which her inventor claims that this works as a remote treatment over the Internet (e-mail or Skype) or via telephone.<br />
*The homoeosiniatry is a method to unite the elements of the homoeopathy and the traditional Chinese medicine. Both acupuncture and homoeopathic remedies come to the applications.<br />
*Digital homoeopathy as an alternative expression for the Holopathy.<br />
*[[Banerji protocol]] - Method<br />
*C4-Homoeopathy<br />
*"resonance-healing" after Peter Chappell<br />
<br />
The electrohomoeopathy has to do little apart from the named similarity with the homoeopathy and refers to a variant of the Spagyric. Also certain equipment operated electrically for the diagnostics or therapy is taken to connection by its inventors and suppliers with the homoeopathy or refers to it. To be called exemplary have here for Cem Tech, transmaterial catalyst or Wave transfer.<br />
<br />
After the living beings to be treated you distinguish between the homoeopathy for well-being purposes with man as well as the animal homoeopathy and plant homoeopathy. The plant homoeopathy is an expression for methods wherewith the help of homoeopathic products the plant growth shall be influenced. (Example: Product Biplantol.) <br />
<br />
==Hering's law of cure==<br />
A so-called [[Hering's law]] of cure goes back on a suggestion of the Hahnemann supporter Constantin Hering from Saxony in the 19th century. Herring believed that a recovery is carried out, if it goes to an extinction of symptoms in the following directions:<br />
<br />
*from inside to the outside<br />
*from above to below<br />
*of now too earlier<br />
<br />
==Being missing the scientific basis==<br />
After about 200 years of research of homoeopaths and non-homoeopaths no scientific proof of an effect of the homoeopathy going beyond the placebo effect has been confessed and it is also regarded as a disproven hypothesis today. After today's level of knowledge homoeopathy has to be equated with a placebo therapy, what does not have to be said, though, that it is completely ineffective. One can indeed, particularly with charismatic therapists and corresponding therapeutical ritual, assume that it can achieve an effect on corresponding patients opposite to a non-treatment (that is the idleness). Dangers result from the homoeopathy from the fact that homoeopaths and patients overestimate the placebo effects of the homoeopathy and refrain from reproducibly effective treatments with an effectiveness proof which goes beyond the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
What speaks against homoeopathy are the missing effectiveness proofs, the pseudo-scientific dogmatic character of the homoeopathy schools (which are actually orthodox medical practitioners), the completely missing prevention of the illness as well as inner contradictions like the not reproducible cinchona experiment to which Hahnemann alternatively refers. Homoeopaths don't like to say how long a therapy shall be carried out. From the chemical scientific point of view the method of potentization (which is in reality a dilution under certain circumstances) cannot be brought with the reality into harmony.<br />
<br />
As an argument for the homoeopathy the lack of side effects is often mentioned. The argument is, that hardly side effects have to be expected at a strong potentization (dilution). This argument contradicts, however, the assumption that potentization would make the effect of the substances grow and is therefore a contradiction in terms. The claim to strengthen the self-healing ability of man is often named as an argument for the homoeopathy, too. The supporters remain the proof of it, however, guiltily.<br />
<br />
Contrary to frequently common views around an integral treatment in the context of the homoeopathy it is to consider this alternative medicine as a symptom based therapy form which is based exclusively on described and observable symptoms of the patient. The aetiology of illnesses (cause study) gets largely hidden.<br />
<br />
Hahnemann and modern homoeopaths orientate themselves at healing laws of which the idea also is part that homoeopathic therapies treat people from inside to the outside and beginningly with the latest symptom. In turn such ideas do not have any basis in any models of biology or illness.<br />
<br />
The medical faculty of the University of Marburg declared the homoeopathy as false doctrine in the medical news of March 3rd, 1993: It's active principle is deception of the patient, strengthened by the self-deception of the therapist.<br />
<br />
==Pseudo-scientific explanation approaches==<br />
The homoeopathy is not plausible from the scientific view: It contradicts the logic, the laws of nature and medical knowledge of the past and presence. High potencies after D 23 or C 12 do not contain any molecule of the raw material. How shall drops which only consist of solvents operate? There is no water memory which could take "information".<br />
<br />
It is not meaningful in the scientific medicine to explain the operation of methods which can not provide the slightest effectiveness proof. The question about the active principle of the homoeopathy is completely senseless as long as there are no indications that homoeopathy develops an effect at all. All attempts at explanation of the homoeopathy are not founded therefore scientifically and will be able to do as classified pseudo-scientifically.<br />
<br />
This, however, does not stop homoeopaths from thinking up working mechanisms to the homoeopathy and publishing these. The span width reaches the pseudo-scientific re-interpretation of quantum mechanical and atom physical knowledge (see of animistic ideas of spirit animated matter in which the potentization releases the positive spirits (also vibrations) of the substances: Quantum mysticism.<br />
<br />
The water memory, which Jacques Benveniste thought to have found, is often quoted as evidence. It is clear at the latest since 1995 that Benvenistes results are not comprehensible. It is nevertheless claimed furthermore that high potencies would contain information, although neither one can find information carriers nor a code is conceivable. So it is not surprising that the last "evidence" which is celebrated as a breakthrough proved also wrong and intolerable with rat intestines at the university Leipzig. An extensive appreciation of this pseudo research at the university Leipzig is found here: [4]. Whatever information the structure of the water contains in the conception of the supporters, it would have to be transferred also to the sugar pills on which the drop of the homoeopathic water is laid on. The memory of the water would have to "survive" in a way the ingestion and absorption through the gastrointestinal system in the body and the transport by the blood up to the tissue. Biologists have neither found a "water memory" nor discovered homoeopathic signals or receptors, still something which could plausibly serve as a receptor for water structures.<br />
<br />
Today's homoeopaths often retire on the quantum mechanics to explain the alleged effect of homoeopathic remedies. However, quantum effects are from importance only at a subatomic and perhaps still atomic level. They are not relevant for the macroscopic world or biological systems like viruses, single cells or upward. <br />
<br />
The fact that also diluted water is offered as a homoeopathic remedy (1 gram of a diluted water costs about 1 pound, see illustration on the right) makes the concept just as doubtfully as the assertions of some homoeopaths that an effect would start out from remedies carried under the pillow or at the body.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and medical ethic==<br />
Besides the dangers of a refrained or delayed effective therapy in favour of the application of homoeopathic remedies, also other ethical questions arise. The prescription of homoeopathic remedies as a placebo can have only a sense if the therapist does not inform the patient about the actual placebo character of these remedies, and withholds the fact from him that (at least in the high-potentized remedies) no working molecule is contained. It is a disdain of ethical principles not to inform the patient about the real character of a therapy and undermines also the relation to the patient which is based on confidence.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and malaria prophylaxis and anti tick globules==<br />
In Germany it is to be observed again and again that homoeopaths use the remedy malaria 2000 (or another remedy) to a so-called malaria prophylaxis for patients who intend to travel to a country in which the malaria is endemic. Regularly malaria patients have to be treated who indicate to have prepared in such a way in front of malaria and were infected nevertheless. It came to at least one death of a patient after a malaria 2000 prophylaxis. The Bavarian broadcast quotes the tropics institute in Munich on his web pages, there therefore were several deaths with people who had relied on a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis. The drug commissions of the pharmacists and the German medical association took position with publications and clear warnings against such a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis: The drug commission of the pharmacists has warned of a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis in the pharmaceutical newspaper already on March 19th, 1998. It is put straight that malaria represents a serious and partly life-threatening illness and "is not to be confronted with non-specific homoeopathic remedies of which one hopes for an increased immunity of the body against malaria pathogenes. Such malfunctioned “prophylaxis” cases are literature-well-informed". You warn therefore urgently to hand in homoeopathic means to the malaria prophylaxis. It is urgently advised against to hand in homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis. The drug commission of the German medical association warn even more considerably and more sharply in the German medical news 95 of June 19th, 1998. The drug commission took reference to a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis offered by a company. Literal: "Set up doctors who order patients a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis have to expect profession legal and criminal consequences. The malaria is a serious and perhaps life-threatening illness, because of the acute endangering of the patients who perhaps rely on their homoeopathic remedy, the drug commission of the German medical association sees at the prescription of such homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis a violation of the professional duties of the doctor and disadvises urgently, for the safety of the patients, from a prescription of such remedies. On the other hand the illness prophylaxis is controversial within the homoeopathy scene, because no homoeopathic remedies can be found without recognizable symptoms. Also in England such malaria prophylaxes had been confessed and the English state NHS therefore suspended the payments to homoeopathic facilities as of 2008.<br />
<br />
Also so-called anti ticks globules are similarly critical to prevent a Lyme disease illness on a natural way, how a pharmacy in Arnsberg secretly means. To this this pharmacy has developed a special mixture with a homoeopathic manufacturer which contains nosodes, which shall represent a homoeopathic vaccination. It particularly is referred to the Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE),which is transferred by ticks, and the Lyme disease. The anti ticks globules shall contain in addition also Ledum palustre (Marsh Labrador tea), what is supposed to change the body odour of one's own according to a protection.<br />
<br />
The application of Spenglersan Kolloid M-remedies for the the malaria prophylaxis could not prevent documented a malaria, Swedish doctors published case reports and a warning to this. <br />
<br />
The World Health Organization WHO has explicitly warned 2009 of the homoeopathy as a treatment option at malaria, HIV infection, tuberculosis, influenza and diarrhoeas in the childhood.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathic Antidots==<br />
Supporters of the homoeopathy are afraid of apparently unwanted effects of the own therapies, particularly as too intensive first worsenings after a homoeopathic medication. But this case is also provided for by so-called homoeopathic antidotes. Therefore it would be sufficient to disable the remedy causing the first worsenings by a couple of drinks of a strong coffee or by smelling to camphors (tiger balsam, Vic-vapo rup ...). According to the so-called women's magazine "FÜR SIE" (engl. for her) mobile telephones would "impair" homoeopathic remedies in their effect. At the taking of such a remedy one should set the mobile telephone aside. The electromagnetic fields of radio alarms, computers and microwaves also can impair the effect of the remedies.<br />
<br />
==History of the homoeopathy==<br />
One can grant the homoeopathy thoroughly "scientific" character in the time of the development (according to definition at that time). After all, Hahnemann proceeded empirically and checked his thesis at experiments on himself. Nowadays the gain of knowledge since this time makes the theory only seem interesting from the medicine historical view. The homoeopathy cannot be regarded as a serious medical method due to the missing effectiveness proof. At Hahnemann's times neither a clinical thermometer was invented nor the knowledge of bacteria was acquired, instead the strangest attempts to explain arised (miasma for example, pathogenic steams which raise of the ground), so that one must quite regard Hahnemann's model from historical view as reasonable. From today's view after over two centuries of enormous knowledge profit one can suspect that even Hahnemann, he would still live and have today's knowledge, would mock his apologists. So the homoeopathy was already criticized intensely over 100 years ago (see links). The similarity principle of the homoeopathy does not go back on Hahnemann, there already were analogous conceivabilities (for example in England) before.<br />
<br />
Furthermore it is remarkable that some of Hahnemanns recommendations from the Organon, such as the application of a hot terpentine to scald injuries, are not propagated broadly anymore. With injuries at which one can immediately see the success or failure of a treatment the teachings are rejected partly correctly as obsolete and unfounded. The parts of Hahemanns teachings which are also illogical and unfounded, however, are commercialized profitably at whose putting into action one can hope for the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathic doctors in Europe==<br />
5.000 doctors shall approximately have attained a qualification as homoeopath in Germany. The net newspaper says that approximately every 40th doctor has a qualification in "homoeopathy" in Germany at the moment. According to information from the ECHAMP about 2.5% of the doctors in Germany, 8.3% in Italy and in 14% Slovakia, have a qualification in "homoeopathy". On the other hand, the quota is under 0.03% in Sweden, of almost 30.000 only ten have a homoeopathic additional training for Swedish doctors, altogether. 56.000 doctors would therefore almost Europe-wide have a qualification in "homoeopathy". The so glaringly different acceptance of the homoeopathy into two industrial nations like Germany and Sweden at a comparable health status of the German and Swede shows that the homoeopathy can be renounced without problems on the one hand apparently without a relevant effect arising on the population's health and on the other hand that the popularity of the homoeopathy is rather not associated to scientific arguments or proofs of evidence, but relies more on philosophy of lives, prejudices or traditions. Convincing scientific arguments and effectiveness proofs which would speak for the application of the homoeopathy, would also have convinced Swedish physicians.<br />
<br />
==The business with homeopathics==<br />
Germany and France are the most important markets for a homoeopathic and anthroposophic-homoeopathic medicine in Europe. Almost 60% of all medicines of these therapy directions produced in Europe were, sold [27] with a Europe-wide increase of 60% between 1995 and 2005 in these two countries. In Germany there was a turnover plus of 80%, in France 300%. The Europe-wide sales volume amounts to 1.7 billion euros, about 7% of all medicine available without prescription. The revenues of the production amounted to about 930 million euros, therefrom 810 million euros for medicine in 2005. Measured against the manufacturer's prices about 268 million euros of the EU sales were allotted to Germany, on France 294 million euros. According to information from the weekly periodical of "Der Spiegel" the sales volume of the homoeopathy remedies was at 400 million euros in 2009. According to information from the federal association of the pharmaceutical industry the legal health insurance companies paid 9 million euros for homoeopathic remedies. The subsequent costs are not, however, included for ineffective homoeopathic therapies here. The costs by homoeopathic first and subsequent case histories which must be usually paid by the patients are also not comparable with these costs. The market leading enterprise in Germany is the German homoeopathy union (DHU). The group with over 400 employees has developed out of the company Schwabe set up in 1961.<br />
<br />
The most used homeopathic is Oscilococcinum C200. This remedy also is called the "20 million canard". The annual turnover for the product is 20 million dollars. The remedy is produced from duck liver, but only the liver of one single duck is used for the complete sales volume, and of this something is left: The potentization of C200 means that the ratio of liver to the solution 1 to 10 is with 400 zeros.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy is financially interesting for doctors==<br />
The payoff of "homoeopathic" benefits by doctors gets more and more attractive for these as the doctor newspaper reported already 2007. The compensation contains € 90 first case history, € 20 Repertorisation, € 20 analysis and € 45 subsequent case history. For these € 175 a set up specialist cares for 5 "conventional" patients for a whole quarter, regardless how often these appear in the practice. In principle, as a National Health patient one can take up homoeopathic performances at such illness forms "at which a cure or alleviation has to be expected by a specifical therapeutical response of potentially still available self-healing strengths".<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and controversial measles parties==<br />
2005 became known that supporters of the homoeopathy do not decline so-called measles parties generally. Quotation of a corresponding newspaper article: Homoeopathic doctors do not decline "measles parties" generally. At tradeoff of the possible side effects of a vaccination with the risks of an illness, an infection caused consciously "is worth a consideration, at an age between about three and eight years" said the Munich paediatrician Dr. Steffen Rabe.<br />
<br />
It is a result of the vaccinating campaigns that in comparison with in the past more babies and adults fall ill at measles outbreaks today. The risk of falling ill with complications, such as a brain fever, because of measles was, however, higher with this group of people up to ten times, Rabe said. "The increased measles illness frequency with babies is an immediate result of the vaccinating politics", so Rabe. The last decision on the participation of a child in a "measles party" always rests with parents in the opinion of the doctor.<br />
<br />
In the case of a measles illness the paediatrician recommends the complete renunciation of fever-reducing drugs since these possibly increase the complication risk. "The patient rather needs primarily silence and rest." In many cases, the illness has to be treated well with classic homoeopathy.<br />
<br />
==Studies on homoeopathy==<br />
===The early studies===<br />
<br />
Already to life times of Hahnemann his teaching was controversial and aroused lively discussions and the first tests with homeopathics proceeded negatively. Hahnemann's readings couldn't be confirmed in repetitions of his original „medicine tests“. The famous cinchona experiment the teaching is based on was a mistake: Although cinchona lowers the body temperature, Hahnemann felt fevers after the taking. Possibly an allergic reaction. The non-blinded "drug examinations" without switching off a possible placebo effect by comparison with a fake medication are not acceptable scientifically either.<br />
<br />
===The homoeopathy studies in the time of the National Socialism===<br />
There were further examinations to the homoeopathy in the time of the National Socialism. The regime wanted a reorientation in the health service, the "new German medicine". Moreover, the criticism of jewished orthodox medicine got pure in National Socialist circles. Drug studies were done at different homoeopathic hospitals by the Reichsgesundheitsamt (RGA) between 1936 and 1939, much of them placebo checked. Above all the reliability of earlier medicine examinations and thus also the priority of the "pharmacological picture" developing on them should be investigated. The homoeopath Hanns Rabe (1890-1959), the internist Werner Siebert (1897-1951) and the pharmacology professors Gustav Kuschinsky (1904-1992) and Richard Bonsmann belonged to the study group. At that time the doctor and homoeopath Fritz Donner (1896-1979) who was working in Berlin at the homoeopathic department of the Rudolf Virchow hospital, was involved substantially at these checks too. Extensive notes from Donner about the RGA examinations and previous studies became known as Donner report for the homoeopathy and are available today in the original in the "homoeopathy archives" of the institute for history of the medicine of the Robert Bosch foundation in Stuttgart. But nothing positive for the homoeopathy came of the government-supported examinations. Double blinded experiments were carried out with Silicea C30, for example. The result: Verum and placebo caused equal much symptoms. It was not possible for the homoeopaths present to distinguish verum and placebo. In 1938/39 clinical attempts with homeopathics were also accomplished with negative results in the Robert Koch hospital in Berlin. The homoeopath Rabe reacted with the assumption that [ ... ] homoeopathy is no pharmacotherapeutic method, as assumed till now, but a form of psychotherapy [ ... ]. Fritz Donner in a memory protocol: Truthfully one would have to answer that during the medicine examination nothing came out and that a reaction speaking for a therapeutical effect of the used medicines never has occurred in the clinical tests with a patient. Nevertheless it was announced officially that certain difficulties would have manifested themselves so that one must start newly. The war prevented however further research. Donner expressed himself more considerably later within the 1960s: He called the examination a total fiasco for the homoeopathy.<br />
<br />
{{OtherLang|ge=Homöopathie|en=Homoeopathy}}<br />
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[[category:Homoeopathy]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=2053Main Page2012-02-17T22:34:36Z<p>Pamela: /* New articles */</p>
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[[category:!Psiram]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Homeopathy&diff=2052Homeopathy2012-02-17T22:31:09Z<p>Pamela: /* The homoeopathy studies in the time of the National Socialism */</p>
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<div>Homoeopathy is a [[Pseudoscience|pseudo-scientific]] method which is used for the treatment of nearly all illnesses. It was invented by the saxon doctor and occultist [[Samuel Hahnemann]] around the year 1800 and exists almost unchanged today. The homoeopathy relies on two general basic principles. One of them, known as the "law of similars", is "let like be cured by like." Inventor Hahnemann specified at that time that, according to the law of similars, every illness is cured by substances which cause similar symptoms when they are taken by a healthy patient. The other priciple is called potentization. The homoeopathic remedies shall work the more strongly the more they are diluted into solution according to a particular procedure. None of these two principles could be confirmed experimentally until now.<br />
<br />
Homoeopathy believers are frequently, consciously or unconsciously, overall sceptical in relation to the scientific medicine: With the (mostly irrational) fear of the "harmful chemistry" a "nocebo effect" which impairs the effect of well approved conventional methods is connected inseparably.<br />
<br />
Also see: [[Allopathy]]<br />
<br />
==Variants of homoeopathy==<br />
Different variants of the original classic homoeopathy have taken shape to Hahnemann in the course of the time. So one distinguishes low-potentizers from high-potentizers, monotherapists of polypragmatists, homoeopathic physiotherapists of anthroposophic homoeopaths, etc.<br />
<br />
*Classic homoeopathy is the form of the homoeopathy which strictly orientates itself at Samuel Hahnemann's teachings. According to Hahnemann only one single remedy at the time shall be given for all physical or intellectual illnesses. The classically working homoeopath is looking for the one of his opinion to suitable similar. The most well-known current representative is Georgos Vithoulkas.<br />
*Constitutional homoeopathy is the application of homoeopathic remedy mixtures due to an illness diagnosis. Also see: Constitutional homoeopathy<br />
*The clinical homoeopathy describes the application of homoeopathic remedies in so-called low-potencies (D1-D12) according to certain diagnoses.<br />
*Miasmatic homoeopathy describes different variants of the constitutional homoeopathy with the emphasis on the therapy of chronic illnesses under consideration of Hahneman's miasmatic theory.<br />
*Microimmunetherapy calls itself a method at which cytokines are potentized and given to sublingual. In doing so, it is posited by the suppliers that a high concentration of components of the immune system would lie under the tongue. The therapy is as of, aimed to modulate the immune system about the potentized effect of cytokines. Maurice Jenaer is regarded as a founder of the micro immune therapy. A supplier of microimmunal therapeutic agents is the enterprise Labo'Life which also has a patent on "specific nucleid acids". Details on effect and composition of the remedies are missing.<br />
*The biochemical homoeopathy refers to a homoeopathy variant at which nosodes and potentized poisons are used (Also see the Horvi-Enzyme-Therapy). The method is apparently only used by her inventress, the biochemist and non-medical practitioner Karin Lenger from Offenbach.<br />
*Newer interpretations and derivatives of the homoeopathy are in coming. Here, fluent transitions let themselves be seen towards faith-healing or an energy medicine. Representatives of this mostly refused group among classic homoeopaths, believe that they do not need to introduce the remedies into the body of the patient after case history and repertorization. Alone the spatial proximity of the remedy to the patient suffices to develop an effect. The remedies could be carried at the body or put under the pillow, for example. A glass of water also can show homoeopathic effects if it is put merely on a sheet of paper with the name of the remedy. The sheet of paper shall transfer its information to glass water which is to be used. Typical methods from this spectrum are the Harmopathy, New Homoeopathy after Erich Körbler, Seghal method, Herscue method, process-oriented homoeopathy, quantum logical homoeopathy, creative homoeopathy, impulse homoeopathy, the Similis cards, Silent Healing or the Sankaran method (also called "Bombay method" or "systematic homoeopathy"). The tele-homoeopathy is one variant of the homoeopathy of which her inventor claims that this works as a remote treatment over the Internet (e-mail or Skype) or via telephone.<br />
*The homoeosiniatry is a method to unite the elements of the homoeopathy and the traditional Chinese medicine. Both acupuncture and homoeopathic remedies come to the applications.<br />
*Digital homoeopathy as an alternative expression for the Holopathy.<br />
*[[Banerji protocol]] - Method<br />
*C4-Homoeopathy<br />
*"resonance-healing" after Peter Chappell<br />
<br />
The electrohomoeopathy has to do little apart from the named similarity with the homoeopathy and refers to a variant of the Spagyric. Also certain equipment operated electrically for the diagnostics or therapy is taken to connection by its inventors and suppliers with the homoeopathy or refers to it. To be called exemplary have here for Cem Tech, transmaterial catalyst or Wave transfer.<br />
<br />
After the living beings to be treated you distinguish between the homoeopathy for well-being purposes with man as well as the animal homoeopathy and plant homoeopathy. The plant homoeopathy is an expression for methods wherewith the help of homoeopathic products the plant growth shall be influenced. (Example: Product Biplantol.) <br />
<br />
==Hering's law of cure==<br />
A so-called [[Hering's law]] of cure goes back on a suggestion of the Hahnemann supporter Constantin Hering from Saxony in the 19th century. Herring believed that a recovery is carried out, if it goes to an extinction of symptoms in the following directions:<br />
<br />
*from inside to the outside<br />
*from above to below<br />
*of now too earlier<br />
<br />
==Being missing the scientific basis==<br />
After about 200 years of research of homoeopaths and non-homoeopaths no scientific proof of an effect of the homoeopathy going beyond the placebo effect has been confessed and it is also regarded as a disproven hypothesis today. After today's level of knowledge homoeopathy has to be equated with a placebo therapy, what does not have to be said, though, that it is completely ineffective. One can indeed, particularly with charismatic therapists and corresponding therapeutical ritual, assume that it can achieve an effect on corresponding patients opposite to a non-treatment (that is the idleness). Dangers result from the homoeopathy from the fact that homoeopaths and patients overestimate the placebo effects of the homoeopathy and refrain from reproducibly effective treatments with an effectiveness proof which goes beyond the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
What speaks against homoeopathy are the missing effectiveness proofs, the pseudo-scientific dogmatic character of the homoeopathy schools (which are actually orthodox medical practitioners), the completely missing prevention of the illness as well as inner contradictions like the not reproducible cinchona experiment to which Hahnemann alternatively refers. Homoeopaths don't like to say how long a therapy shall be carried out. From the chemical scientific point of view the method of potentization (which is in reality a dilution under certain circumstances) cannot be brought with the reality into harmony.<br />
<br />
As an argument for the homoeopathy the lack of side effects is often mentioned. The argument is, that hardly side effects have to be expected at a strong potentization (dilution). This argument contradicts, however, the assumption that potentization would make the effect of the substances grow and is therefore a contradiction in terms. The claim to strengthen the self-healing ability of man is often named as an argument for the homoeopathy, too. The supporters remain the proof of it, however, guiltily.<br />
<br />
Contrary to frequently common views around an integral treatment in the context of the homoeopathy it is to consider this alternative medicine as a symptom based therapy form which is based exclusively on described and observable symptoms of the patient. The aetiology of illnesses (cause study) gets largely hidden.<br />
<br />
Hahnemann and modern homoeopaths orientate themselves at healing laws of which the idea also is part that homoeopathic therapies treat people from inside to the outside and beginningly with the latest symptom. In turn such ideas do not have any basis in any models of biology or illness.<br />
<br />
The medical faculty of the University of Marburg declared the homoeopathy as false doctrine in the medical news of March 3rd, 1993: It's active principle is deception of the patient, strengthened by the self-deception of the therapist.<br />
<br />
==Pseudo-scientific explanation approaches==<br />
The homoeopathy is not plausible from the scientific view: It contradicts the logic, the laws of nature and medical knowledge of the past and presence. High potencies after D 23 or C 12 do not contain any molecule of the raw material. How shall drops which only consist of solvents operate? There is no water memory which could take "information".<br />
<br />
It is not meaningful in the scientific medicine to explain the operation of methods which can not provide the slightest effectiveness proof. The question about the active principle of the homoeopathy is completely senseless as long as there are no indications that homoeopathy develops an effect at all. All attempts at explanation of the homoeopathy are not founded therefore scientifically and will be able to do as classified pseudo-scientifically.<br />
<br />
This, however, does not stop homoeopaths from thinking up working mechanisms to the homoeopathy and publishing these. The span width reaches the pseudo-scientific re-interpretation of quantum mechanical and atom physical knowledge (see of animistic ideas of spirit animated matter in which the potentization releases the positive spirits (also vibrations) of the substances: Quantum mysticism.<br />
<br />
The water memory, which Jacques Benveniste thought to have found, is often quoted as evidence. It is clear at the latest since 1995 that Benvenistes results are not comprehensible. It is nevertheless claimed furthermore that high potencies would contain information, although neither one can find information carriers nor a code is conceivable. So it is not surprising that the last "evidence" which is celebrated as a breakthrough proved also wrong and intolerable with rat intestines at the university Leipzig. An extensive appreciation of this pseudo research at the university Leipzig is found here: [4]. Whatever information the structure of the water contains in the conception of the supporters, it would have to be transferred also to the sugar pills on which the drop of the homoeopathic water is laid on. The memory of the water would have to "survive" in a way the ingestion and absorption through the gastrointestinal system in the body and the transport by the blood up to the tissue. Biologists have neither found a "water memory" nor discovered homoeopathic signals or receptors, still something which could plausibly serve as a receptor for water structures.<br />
<br />
Today's homoeopaths often retire on the quantum mechanics to explain the alleged effect of homoeopathic remedies. However, quantum effects are from importance only at a subatomic and perhaps still atomic level. They are not relevant for the macroscopic world or biological systems like viruses, single cells or upward. <br />
<br />
The fact that also diluted water is offered as a homoeopathic remedy (1 gram of a diluted water costs about 1 pound, see illustration on the right) makes the concept just as doubtfully as the assertions of some homoeopaths that an effect would start out from remedies carried under the pillow or at the body.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and medical ethic==<br />
Besides the dangers of a refrained or delayed effective therapy in favour of the application of homoeopathic remedies, also other ethical questions arise. The prescription of homoeopathic remedies as a placebo can have only a sense if the therapist does not inform the patient about the actual placebo character of these remedies, and withholds the fact from him that (at least in the high-potentized remedies) no working molecule is contained. It is a disdain of ethical principles not to inform the patient about the real character of a therapy and undermines also the relation to the patient which is based on confidence.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and malaria prophylaxis and anti tick globules==<br />
In Germany it is to be observed again and again that homoeopaths use the remedy malaria 2000 (or another remedy) to a so-called malaria prophylaxis for patients who intend to travel to a country in which the malaria is endemic. Regularly malaria patients have to be treated who indicate to have prepared in such a way in front of malaria and were infected nevertheless. It came to at least one death of a patient after a malaria 2000 prophylaxis. The Bavarian broadcast quotes the tropics institute in Munich on his web pages, there therefore were several deaths with people who had relied on a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis. The drug commissions of the pharmacists and the German medical association took position with publications and clear warnings against such a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis: The drug commission of the pharmacists has warned of a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis in the pharmaceutical newspaper already on March 19th, 1998. It is put straight that malaria represents a serious and partly life-threatening illness and "is not to be confronted with non-specific homoeopathic remedies of which one hopes for an increased immunity of the body against malaria pathogenes. Such malfunctioned “prophylaxis” cases are literature-well-informed". You warn therefore urgently to hand in homoeopathic means to the malaria prophylaxis. It is urgently advised against to hand in homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis. The drug commission of the German medical association warn even more considerably and more sharply in the German medical news 95 of June 19th, 1998. The drug commission took reference to a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis offered by a company. Literal: "Set up doctors who order patients a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis have to expect profession legal and criminal consequences. The malaria is a serious and perhaps life-threatening illness, because of the acute endangering of the patients who perhaps rely on their homoeopathic remedy, the drug commission of the German medical association sees at the prescription of such homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis a violation of the professional duties of the doctor and disadvises urgently, for the safety of the patients, from a prescription of such remedies. On the other hand the illness prophylaxis is controversial within the homoeopathy scene, because no homoeopathic remedies can be found without recognizable symptoms. Also in England such malaria prophylaxes had been confessed and the English state NHS therefore suspended the payments to homoeopathic facilities as of 2008.<br />
<br />
Also so-called anti ticks globules are similarly critical to prevent a Lyme disease illness on a natural way, how a pharmacy in Arnsberg secretly means. To this this pharmacy has developed a special mixture with a homoeopathic manufacturer which contains nosodes, which shall represent a homoeopathic vaccination. It particularly is referred to the Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE),which is transferred by ticks, and the Lyme disease. The anti ticks globules shall contain in addition also Ledum palustre (Marsh Labrador tea), what is supposed to change the body odour of one's own according to a protection.<br />
<br />
The application of Spenglersan Kolloid M-remedies for the the malaria prophylaxis could not prevent documented a malaria, Swedish doctors published case reports and a warning to this. <br />
<br />
The World Health Organization WHO has explicitly warned 2009 of the homoeopathy as a treatment option at malaria, HIV infection, tuberculosis, influenza and diarrhoeas in the childhood.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathic Antidots==<br />
Supporters of the homoeopathy are afraid of apparently unwanted effects of the own therapies, particularly as too intensive first worsenings after a homoeopathic medication. But this case is also provided for by so-called homoeopathic antidotes. Therefore it would be sufficient to disable the remedy causing the first worsenings by a couple of drinks of a strong coffee or by smelling to camphors (tiger balsam, Vic-vapo rup ...). According to the so-called women's magazine "FÜR SIE" (engl. for her) mobile telephones would "impair" homoeopathic remedies in their effect. At the taking of such a remedy one should set the mobile telephone aside. The electromagnetic fields of radio alarms, computers and microwaves also can impair the effect of the remedies.<br />
<br />
==History of the homoeopathy==<br />
One can grant the homoeopathy thoroughly "scientific" character in the time of the development (according to definition at that time). After all, Hahnemann proceeded empirically and checked his thesis at experiments on himself. Nowadays the gain of knowledge since this time makes the theory only seem interesting from the medicine historical view. The homoeopathy cannot be regarded as a serious medical method due to the missing effectiveness proof. At Hahnemann's times neither a clinical thermometer was invented nor the knowledge of bacteria was acquired, instead the strangest attempts to explain arised (miasma for example, pathogenic steams which raise of the ground), so that one must quite regard Hahnemann's model from historical view as reasonable. From today's view after over two centuries of enormous knowledge profit one can suspect that even Hahnemann, he would still live and have today's knowledge, would mock his apologists. So the homoeopathy was already criticized intensely over 100 years ago (see links). The similarity principle of the homoeopathy does not go back on Hahnemann, there already were analogous conceivabilities (for example in England) before.<br />
<br />
Furthermore it is remarkable that some of Hahnemanns recommendations from the Organon, such as the application of a hot terpentine to scald injuries, are not propagated broadly anymore. With injuries at which one can immediately see the success or failure of a treatment the teachings are rejected partly correctly as obsolete and unfounded. The parts of Hahemanns teachings which are also illogical and unfounded, however, are commercialized profitably at whose putting into action one can hope for the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathic doctors in Europe==<br />
5.000 doctors shall approximately have attained a qualification as homoeopath in Germany. The net newspaper says that approximately every 40th doctor has a qualification in "homoeopathy" in Germany at the moment. According to information from the ECHAMP about 2.5% of the doctors in Germany, 8.3% in Italy and in 14% Slovakia, have a qualification in "homoeopathy". On the other hand, the quota is under 0.03% in Sweden, of almost 30.000 only ten have a homoeopathic additional training for Swedish doctors, altogether. 56.000 doctors would therefore almost Europe-wide have a qualification in "homoeopathy". The so glaringly different acceptance of the homoeopathy into two industrial nations like Germany and Sweden at a comparable health status of the German and Swede shows that the homoeopathy can be renounced without problems on the one hand apparently without a relevant effect arising on the population's health and on the other hand that the popularity of the homoeopathy is rather not associated to scientific arguments or proofs of evidence, but relies more on philosophy of lives, prejudices or traditions. Convincing scientific arguments and effectiveness proofs which would speak for the application of the homoeopathy, would also have convinced Swedish physicians.<br />
<br />
==The business with homeopathics==<br />
Germany and France are the most important markets for a homoeopathic and anthroposophic-homoeopathic medicine in Europe. Almost 60% of all medicines of these therapy directions produced in Europe were, sold [27] with a Europe-wide increase of 60% between 1995 and 2005 in these two countries. In Germany there was a turnover plus of 80%, in France 300%. The Europe-wide sales volume amounts to 1.7 billion euros, about 7% of all medicine available without prescription. The revenues of the production amounted to about 930 million euros, therefrom 810 million euros for medicine in 2005. Measured against the manufacturer's prices about 268 million euros of the EU sales were allotted to Germany, on France 294 million euros. According to information from the weekly periodical of "Der Spiegel" the sales volume of the homoeopathy remedies was at 400 million euros in 2009. According to information from the federal association of the pharmaceutical industry the legal health insurance companies paid 9 million euros for homoeopathic remedies. The subsequent costs are not, however, included for ineffective homoeopathic therapies here. The costs by homoeopathic first and subsequent case histories which must be usually paid by the patients are also not comparable with these costs. The market leading enterprise in Germany is the German homoeopathy union (DHU). The group with over 400 employees has developed out of the company Schwabe set up in 1961.<br />
<br />
The most used homeopathic is Oscilococcinum C200. This remedy also is called the "20 million canard". The annual turnover for the product is 20 million dollars. The remedy is produced from duck liver, but only the liver of one single duck is used for the complete sales volume, and of this something is left: The potentization of C200 means that the ratio of liver to the solution 1 to 10 is with 400 zeros.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy is financially interesting for doctors==<br />
The payoff of "homoeopathic" benefits by doctors gets more and more attractive for these as the doctor newspaper reported already 2007. The compensation contains € 90 first case history, € 20 Repertorisation, € 20 analysis and € 45 subsequent case history. For these € 175 a set up specialist cares for 5 "conventional" patients for a whole quarter, regardless how often these appear in the practice. In principle, as a National Health patient one can take up homoeopathic performances at such illness forms "at which a cure or alleviation has to be expected by a specifical therapeutical response of potentially still available self-healing strengths".<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and controversial measles parties==<br />
2005 became known that supporters of the homoeopathy do not decline so-called measles parties generally. Quotation of a corresponding newspaper article: Homoeopathic doctors do not decline "measles parties" generally. At tradeoff of the possible side effects of a vaccination with the risks of an illness, an infection caused consciously "is worth a consideration, at an age between about three and eight years" said the Munich paediatrician Dr. Steffen Rabe.<br />
<br />
It is a result of the vaccinating campaigns that in comparison with in the past more babies and adults fall ill at measles outbreaks today. The risk of falling ill with complications, such as a brain fever, because of measles was, however, higher with this group of people up to ten times, Rabe said. "The increased measles illness frequency with babies is an immediate result of the vaccinating politics", so Rabe. The last decision on the participation of a child in a "measles party" always rests with parents in the opinion of the doctor.<br />
<br />
In the case of a measles illness the paediatrician recommends the complete renunciation of fever-reducing drugs since these possibly increase the complication risk. "The patient rather needs primarily silence and rest." In many cases, the illness has to be treated well with classic homoeopathy.<br />
<br />
==Studies on homoeopathy==<br />
===The early studies===<br />
<br />
Already to life times of Hahnemann his teaching was controversial and aroused lively discussions and the first tests with homeopathics proceeded negatively. Hahnemann's readings couldn't be confirmed in repetitions of his original „medicine tests“. The famous cinchona experiment the teaching is based on was a mistake: Although cinchona lowers the body temperature, Hahnemann felt fevers after the taking. Possibly an allergic reaction. The non-blinded "drug examinations" without switching off a possible placebo effect by comparison with a fake medication are not acceptable scientifically either.<br />
<br />
===The homoeopathy studies in the time of the National Socialism===<br />
There were further examinations to the homoeopathy in the time of the National Socialism. The regime wanted a reorientation in the health service, the "new German medicine". Moreover, the criticism of jewished orthodox medicine got pure in National Socialist circles. Drug studies were done at different homoeopathic hospitals by the Reichsgesundheitsamt (RGA) between 1936 and 1939, much of them placebo checked. Above all the reliability of earlier medicine examinations and thus also the priority of the "pharmacological picture" developing on them should be investigated. The homoeopath Hanns Rabe (1890-1959), the internist Werner Siebert (1897-1951) and the pharmacology professors Gustav Kuschinsky (1904-1992) and Richard Bonsmann belonged to the study group. At that time the doctor and homoeopath Fritz Donner (1896-1979) who was working in Berlin at the homoeopathic department of the Rudolf Virchow hospital, was involved substantially at these checks too. Extensive notes from Donner about the RGA examinations and previous studies became known as Donner report for the homoeopathy and are available today in the original in the "homoeopathy archives" of the institute for history of the medicine of the Robert Bosch foundation in Stuttgart. But nothing positive for the homoeopathy came of the government-supported examinations. Double blinded experiments were carried out with Silicea C30, for example. The result: Verum and placebo caused equal much symptoms. It was not possible for the homoeopaths present to distinguish verum and placebo. In 1938/39 clinical attempts with homeopathics were also accomplished with negative results in the Robert Koch hospital in Berlin. The homoeopath Rabe reacted with the assumption that [ ... ] homoeopathy is no pharmacotherapeutic method, as assumed till now, but a form of psychotherapy [ ... ]. Fritz Donner in a memory protocol: Truthfully one would have to answer that during the medicine examination nothing came out and that a reaction speaking for a therapeutical effect of the used medicines never has occurred in the clinical tests with a patient. Nevertheless it was announced officially that certain difficulties would have manifested themselves so that one must start newly. The war prevented however further research. Donner expressed himself more considerably later within the 1960s: He called the examination a total fiasco for the homoeopathy.<br />
<br />
[[category:Homoeopathy]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Homeopathy&diff=2051Homeopathy2012-02-17T22:27:57Z<p>Pamela: /* Hering's law of cure */</p>
<hr />
<div>Homoeopathy is a [[Pseudoscience|pseudo-scientific]] method which is used for the treatment of nearly all illnesses. It was invented by the saxon doctor and occultist [[Samuel Hahnemann]] around the year 1800 and exists almost unchanged today. The homoeopathy relies on two general basic principles. One of them, known as the "law of similars", is "let like be cured by like." Inventor Hahnemann specified at that time that, according to the law of similars, every illness is cured by substances which cause similar symptoms when they are taken by a healthy patient. The other priciple is called potentization. The homoeopathic remedies shall work the more strongly the more they are diluted into solution according to a particular procedure. None of these two principles could be confirmed experimentally until now.<br />
<br />
Homoeopathy believers are frequently, consciously or unconsciously, overall sceptical in relation to the scientific medicine: With the (mostly irrational) fear of the "harmful chemistry" a "nocebo effect" which impairs the effect of well approved conventional methods is connected inseparably.<br />
<br />
Also see: [[Allopathy]]<br />
<br />
==Variants of homoeopathy==<br />
Different variants of the original classic homoeopathy have taken shape to Hahnemann in the course of the time. So one distinguishes low-potentizers from high-potentizers, monotherapists of polypragmatists, homoeopathic physiotherapists of anthroposophic homoeopaths, etc.<br />
<br />
*Classic homoeopathy is the form of the homoeopathy which strictly orientates itself at Samuel Hahnemann's teachings. According to Hahnemann only one single remedy at the time shall be given for all physical or intellectual illnesses. The classically working homoeopath is looking for the one of his opinion to suitable similar. The most well-known current representative is Georgos Vithoulkas.<br />
*Constitutional homoeopathy is the application of homoeopathic remedy mixtures due to an illness diagnosis. Also see: Constitutional homoeopathy<br />
*The clinical homoeopathy describes the application of homoeopathic remedies in so-called low-potencies (D1-D12) according to certain diagnoses.<br />
*Miasmatic homoeopathy describes different variants of the constitutional homoeopathy with the emphasis on the therapy of chronic illnesses under consideration of Hahneman's miasmatic theory.<br />
*Microimmunetherapy calls itself a method at which cytokines are potentized and given to sublingual. In doing so, it is posited by the suppliers that a high concentration of components of the immune system would lie under the tongue. The therapy is as of, aimed to modulate the immune system about the potentized effect of cytokines. Maurice Jenaer is regarded as a founder of the micro immune therapy. A supplier of microimmunal therapeutic agents is the enterprise Labo'Life which also has a patent on "specific nucleid acids". Details on effect and composition of the remedies are missing.<br />
*The biochemical homoeopathy refers to a homoeopathy variant at which nosodes and potentized poisons are used (Also see the Horvi-Enzyme-Therapy). The method is apparently only used by her inventress, the biochemist and non-medical practitioner Karin Lenger from Offenbach.<br />
*Newer interpretations and derivatives of the homoeopathy are in coming. Here, fluent transitions let themselves be seen towards faith-healing or an energy medicine. Representatives of this mostly refused group among classic homoeopaths, believe that they do not need to introduce the remedies into the body of the patient after case history and repertorization. Alone the spatial proximity of the remedy to the patient suffices to develop an effect. The remedies could be carried at the body or put under the pillow, for example. A glass of water also can show homoeopathic effects if it is put merely on a sheet of paper with the name of the remedy. The sheet of paper shall transfer its information to glass water which is to be used. Typical methods from this spectrum are the Harmopathy, New Homoeopathy after Erich Körbler, Seghal method, Herscue method, process-oriented homoeopathy, quantum logical homoeopathy, creative homoeopathy, impulse homoeopathy, the Similis cards, Silent Healing or the Sankaran method (also called "Bombay method" or "systematic homoeopathy"). The tele-homoeopathy is one variant of the homoeopathy of which her inventor claims that this works as a remote treatment over the Internet (e-mail or Skype) or via telephone.<br />
*The homoeosiniatry is a method to unite the elements of the homoeopathy and the traditional Chinese medicine. Both acupuncture and homoeopathic remedies come to the applications.<br />
*Digital homoeopathy as an alternative expression for the Holopathy.<br />
*[[Banerji protocol]] - Method<br />
*C4-Homoeopathy<br />
*"resonance-healing" after Peter Chappell<br />
<br />
The electrohomoeopathy has to do little apart from the named similarity with the homoeopathy and refers to a variant of the Spagyric. Also certain equipment operated electrically for the diagnostics or therapy is taken to connection by its inventors and suppliers with the homoeopathy or refers to it. To be called exemplary have here for Cem Tech, transmaterial catalyst or Wave transfer.<br />
<br />
After the living beings to be treated you distinguish between the homoeopathy for well-being purposes with man as well as the animal homoeopathy and plant homoeopathy. The plant homoeopathy is an expression for methods wherewith the help of homoeopathic products the plant growth shall be influenced. (Example: Product Biplantol.) <br />
<br />
==Hering's law of cure==<br />
A so-called [[Hering's law]] of cure goes back on a suggestion of the Hahnemann supporter Constantin Hering from Saxony in the 19th century. Herring believed that a recovery is carried out, if it goes to an extinction of symptoms in the following directions:<br />
<br />
*from inside to the outside<br />
*from above to below<br />
*of now too earlier<br />
<br />
==Being missing the scientific basis==<br />
After about 200 years of research of homoeopaths and non-homoeopaths no scientific proof of an effect of the homoeopathy going beyond the placebo effect has been confessed and it is also regarded as a disproven hypothesis today. After today's level of knowledge homoeopathy has to be equated with a placebo therapy, what does not have to be said, though, that it is completely ineffective. One can indeed, particularly with charismatic therapists and corresponding therapeutical ritual, assume that it can achieve an effect on corresponding patients opposite to a non-treatment (that is the idleness). Dangers result from the homoeopathy from the fact that homoeopaths and patients overestimate the placebo effects of the homoeopathy and refrain from reproducibly effective treatments with an effectiveness proof which goes beyond the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
What speaks against homoeopathy are the missing effectiveness proofs, the pseudo-scientific dogmatic character of the homoeopathy schools (which are actually orthodox medical practitioners), the completely missing prevention of the illness as well as inner contradictions like the not reproducible cinchona experiment to which Hahnemann alternatively refers. Homoeopaths don't like to say how long a therapy shall be carried out. From the chemical scientific point of view the method of potentization (which is in reality a dilution under certain circumstances) cannot be brought with the reality into harmony.<br />
<br />
As an argument for the homoeopathy the lack of side effects is often mentioned. The argument is, that hardly side effects have to be expected at a strong potentization (dilution). This argument contradicts, however, the assumption that potentization would make the effect of the substances grow and is therefore a contradiction in terms. The claim to strengthen the self-healing ability of man is often named as an argument for the homoeopathy, too. The supporters remain the proof of it, however, guiltily.<br />
<br />
Contrary to frequently common views around an integral treatment in the context of the homoeopathy it is to consider this alternative medicine as a symptom based therapy form which is based exclusively on described and observable symptoms of the patient. The aetiology of illnesses (cause study) gets largely hidden.<br />
<br />
Hahnemann and modern homoeopaths orientate themselves at healing laws of which the idea also is part that homoeopathic therapies treat people from inside to the outside and beginningly with the latest symptom. In turn such ideas do not have any basis in any models of biology or illness.<br />
<br />
The medical faculty of the University of Marburg declared the homoeopathy as false doctrine in the medical news of March 3rd, 1993: It's active principle is deception of the patient, strengthened by the self-deception of the therapist.<br />
<br />
==Pseudo-scientific explanation approaches==<br />
The homoeopathy is not plausible from the scientific view: It contradicts the logic, the laws of nature and medical knowledge of the past and presence. High potencies after D 23 or C 12 do not contain any molecule of the raw material. How shall drops which only consist of solvents operate? There is no water memory which could take "information".<br />
<br />
It is not meaningful in the scientific medicine to explain the operation of methods which can not provide the slightest effectiveness proof. The question about the active principle of the homoeopathy is completely senseless as long as there are no indications that homoeopathy develops an effect at all. All attempts at explanation of the homoeopathy are not founded therefore scientifically and will be able to do as classified pseudo-scientifically.<br />
<br />
This, however, does not stop homoeopaths from thinking up working mechanisms to the homoeopathy and publishing these. The span width reaches the pseudo-scientific re-interpretation of quantum mechanical and atom physical knowledge (see of animistic ideas of spirit animated matter in which the potentization releases the positive spirits (also vibrations) of the substances: Quantum mysticism.<br />
<br />
The water memory, which Jacques Benveniste thought to have found, is often quoted as evidence. It is clear at the latest since 1995 that Benvenistes results are not comprehensible. It is nevertheless claimed furthermore that high potencies would contain information, although neither one can find information carriers nor a code is conceivable. So it is not surprising that the last "evidence" which is celebrated as a breakthrough proved also wrong and intolerable with rat intestines at the university Leipzig. An extensive appreciation of this pseudo research at the university Leipzig is found here: [4]. Whatever information the structure of the water contains in the conception of the supporters, it would have to be transferred also to the sugar pills on which the drop of the homoeopathic water is laid on. The memory of the water would have to "survive" in a way the ingestion and absorption through the gastrointestinal system in the body and the transport by the blood up to the tissue. Biologists have neither found a "water memory" nor discovered homoeopathic signals or receptors, still something which could plausibly serve as a receptor for water structures.<br />
<br />
Today's homoeopaths often retire on the quantum mechanics to explain the alleged effect of homoeopathic remedies. However, quantum effects are from importance only at a subatomic and perhaps still atomic level. They are not relevant for the macroscopic world or biological systems like viruses, single cells or upward. <br />
<br />
The fact that also diluted water is offered as a homoeopathic remedy (1 gram of a diluted water costs about 1 pound, see illustration on the right) makes the concept just as doubtfully as the assertions of some homoeopaths that an effect would start out from remedies carried under the pillow or at the body.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and medical ethic==<br />
Besides the dangers of a refrained or delayed effective therapy in favour of the application of homoeopathic remedies, also other ethical questions arise. The prescription of homoeopathic remedies as a placebo can have only a sense if the therapist does not inform the patient about the actual placebo character of these remedies, and withholds the fact from him that (at least in the high-potentized remedies) no working molecule is contained. It is a disdain of ethical principles not to inform the patient about the real character of a therapy and undermines also the relation to the patient which is based on confidence.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and malaria prophylaxis and anti tick globules==<br />
In Germany it is to be observed again and again that homoeopaths use the remedy malaria 2000 (or another remedy) to a so-called malaria prophylaxis for patients who intend to travel to a country in which the malaria is endemic. Regularly malaria patients have to be treated who indicate to have prepared in such a way in front of malaria and were infected nevertheless. It came to at least one death of a patient after a malaria 2000 prophylaxis. The Bavarian broadcast quotes the tropics institute in Munich on his web pages, there therefore were several deaths with people who had relied on a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis. The drug commissions of the pharmacists and the German medical association took position with publications and clear warnings against such a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis: The drug commission of the pharmacists has warned of a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis in the pharmaceutical newspaper already on March 19th, 1998. It is put straight that malaria represents a serious and partly life-threatening illness and "is not to be confronted with non-specific homoeopathic remedies of which one hopes for an increased immunity of the body against malaria pathogenes. Such malfunctioned “prophylaxis” cases are literature-well-informed". You warn therefore urgently to hand in homoeopathic means to the malaria prophylaxis. It is urgently advised against to hand in homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis. The drug commission of the German medical association warn even more considerably and more sharply in the German medical news 95 of June 19th, 1998. The drug commission took reference to a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis offered by a company. Literal: "Set up doctors who order patients a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis have to expect profession legal and criminal consequences. The malaria is a serious and perhaps life-threatening illness, because of the acute endangering of the patients who perhaps rely on their homoeopathic remedy, the drug commission of the German medical association sees at the prescription of such homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis a violation of the professional duties of the doctor and disadvises urgently, for the safety of the patients, from a prescription of such remedies. On the other hand the illness prophylaxis is controversial within the homoeopathy scene, because no homoeopathic remedies can be found without recognizable symptoms. Also in England such malaria prophylaxes had been confessed and the English state NHS therefore suspended the payments to homoeopathic facilities as of 2008.<br />
<br />
Also so-called anti ticks globules are similarly critical to prevent a Lyme disease illness on a natural way, how a pharmacy in Arnsberg secretly means. To this this pharmacy has developed a special mixture with a homoeopathic manufacturer which contains nosodes, which shall represent a homoeopathic vaccination. It particularly is referred to the Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE),which is transferred by ticks, and the Lyme disease. The anti ticks globules shall contain in addition also Ledum palustre (Marsh Labrador tea), what is supposed to change the body odour of one's own according to a protection.<br />
<br />
The application of Spenglersan Kolloid M-remedies for the the malaria prophylaxis could not prevent documented a malaria, Swedish doctors published case reports and a warning to this. <br />
<br />
The World Health Organization WHO has explicitly warned 2009 of the homoeopathy as a treatment option at malaria, HIV infection, tuberculosis, influenza and diarrhoeas in the childhood.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathic Antidots==<br />
Supporters of the homoeopathy are afraid of apparently unwanted effects of the own therapies, particularly as too intensive first worsenings after a homoeopathic medication. But this case is also provided for by so-called homoeopathic antidotes. Therefore it would be sufficient to disable the remedy causing the first worsenings by a couple of drinks of a strong coffee or by smelling to camphors (tiger balsam, Vic-vapo rup ...). According to the so-called women's magazine "FÜR SIE" (engl. for her) mobile telephones would "impair" homoeopathic remedies in their effect. At the taking of such a remedy one should set the mobile telephone aside. The electromagnetic fields of radio alarms, computers and microwaves also can impair the effect of the remedies.<br />
<br />
==History of the homoeopathy==<br />
One can grant the homoeopathy thoroughly "scientific" character in the time of the development (according to definition at that time). After all, Hahnemann proceeded empirically and checked his thesis at experiments on himself. Nowadays the gain of knowledge since this time makes the theory only seem interesting from the medicine historical view. The homoeopathy cannot be regarded as a serious medical method due to the missing effectiveness proof. At Hahnemann's times neither a clinical thermometer was invented nor the knowledge of bacteria was acquired, instead the strangest attempts to explain arised (miasma for example, pathogenic steams which raise of the ground), so that one must quite regard Hahnemann's model from historical view as reasonable. From today's view after over two centuries of enormous knowledge profit one can suspect that even Hahnemann, he would still live and have today's knowledge, would mock his apologists. So the homoeopathy was already criticized intensely over 100 years ago (see links). The similarity principle of the homoeopathy does not go back on Hahnemann, there already were analogous conceivabilities (for example in England) before.<br />
<br />
Furthermore it is remarkable that some of Hahnemanns recommendations from the Organon, such as the application of a hot terpentine to scald injuries, are not propagated broadly anymore. With injuries at which one can immediately see the success or failure of a treatment the teachings are rejected partly correctly as obsolete and unfounded. The parts of Hahemanns teachings which are also illogical and unfounded, however, are commercialized profitably at whose putting into action one can hope for the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathic doctors in Europe==<br />
5.000 doctors shall approximately have attained a qualification as homoeopath in Germany. The net newspaper says that approximately every 40th doctor has a qualification in "homoeopathy" in Germany at the moment. According to information from the ECHAMP about 2.5% of the doctors in Germany, 8.3% in Italy and in 14% Slovakia, have a qualification in "homoeopathy". On the other hand, the quota is under 0.03% in Sweden, of almost 30.000 only ten have a homoeopathic additional training for Swedish doctors, altogether. 56.000 doctors would therefore almost Europe-wide have a qualification in "homoeopathy". The so glaringly different acceptance of the homoeopathy into two industrial nations like Germany and Sweden at a comparable health status of the German and Swede shows that the homoeopathy can be renounced without problems on the one hand apparently without a relevant effect arising on the population's health and on the other hand that the popularity of the homoeopathy is rather not associated to scientific arguments or proofs of evidence, but relies more on philosophy of lives, prejudices or traditions. Convincing scientific arguments and effectiveness proofs which would speak for the application of the homoeopathy, would also have convinced Swedish physicians.<br />
<br />
==The business with homeopathics==<br />
Germany and France are the most important markets for a homoeopathic and anthroposophic-homoeopathic medicine in Europe. Almost 60% of all medicines of these therapy directions produced in Europe were, sold [27] with a Europe-wide increase of 60% between 1995 and 2005 in these two countries. In Germany there was a turnover plus of 80%, in France 300%. The Europe-wide sales volume amounts to 1.7 billion euros, about 7% of all medicine available without prescription. The revenues of the production amounted to about 930 million euros, therefrom 810 million euros for medicine in 2005. Measured against the manufacturer's prices about 268 million euros of the EU sales were allotted to Germany, on France 294 million euros. According to information from the weekly periodical of "Der Spiegel" the sales volume of the homoeopathy remedies was at 400 million euros in 2009. According to information from the federal association of the pharmaceutical industry the legal health insurance companies paid 9 million euros for homoeopathic remedies. The subsequent costs are not, however, included for ineffective homoeopathic therapies here. The costs by homoeopathic first and subsequent case histories which must be usually paid by the patients are also not comparable with these costs. The market leading enterprise in Germany is the German homoeopathy union (DHU). The group with over 400 employees has developed out of the company Schwabe set up in 1961.<br />
<br />
The most used homeopathic is Oscilococcinum C200. This remedy also is called the "20 million canard". The annual turnover for the product is 20 million dollars. The remedy is produced from duck liver, but only the liver of one single duck is used for the complete sales volume, and of this something is left: The potentization of C200 means that the ratio of liver to the solution 1 to 10 is with 400 zeros.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy is financially interesting for doctors==<br />
The payoff of "homoeopathic" benefits by doctors gets more and more attractive for these as the doctor newspaper reported already 2007. The compensation contains € 90 first case history, € 20 Repertorisation, € 20 analysis and € 45 subsequent case history. For these € 175 a set up specialist cares for 5 "conventional" patients for a whole quarter, regardless how often these appear in the practice. In principle, as a National Health patient one can take up homoeopathic performances at such illness forms "at which a cure or alleviation has to be expected by a specifical therapeutical response of potentially still available self-healing strengths".<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and controversial measles parties==<br />
2005 became known that supporters of the homoeopathy do not decline so-called measles parties generally. Quotation of a corresponding newspaper article: Homoeopathic doctors do not decline "measles parties" generally. At tradeoff of the possible side effects of a vaccination with the risks of an illness, an infection caused consciously "is worth a consideration, at an age between about three and eight years" said the Munich paediatrician Dr. Steffen Rabe.<br />
<br />
It is a result of the vaccinating campaigns that in comparison with in the past more babies and adults fall ill at measles outbreaks today. The risk of falling ill with complications, such as a brain fever, because of measles was, however, higher with this group of people up to ten times, Rabe said. "The increased measles illness frequency with babies is an immediate result of the vaccinating politics", so Rabe. The last decision on the participation of a child in a "measles party" always rests with parents in the opinion of the doctor.<br />
<br />
In the case of a measles illness the paediatrician recommends the complete renunciation of fever-reducing drugs since these possibly increase the complication risk. "The patient rather needs primarily silence and rest." In many cases, the illness has to be treated well with classic homoeopathy.<br />
<br />
==Studies on homoeopathy==<br />
===The early studies===<br />
<br />
Already to life times of Hahnemann his teaching was controversial and aroused lively discussions and the first tests with homeopathics proceeded negatively. Hahnemann's readings couldn't be confirmed in repetitions of his original „medicine tests“. The famous cinchona experiment the teaching is based on was a mistake: Although cinchona lowers the body temperature, Hahnemann felt fevers after the taking. Possibly an allergic reaction. The non-blinded "drug examinations" without switching off a possible placebo effect by comparison with a fake medication are not acceptable scientifically either.<br />
<br />
===The homoeopathy studies in the time of the National Socialism===<br />
There were further examinations to the homoeopathy in the time of the National Socialism. The regime wanted a reorientation in the health service, the "new German medicine". Moreover, the criticism of jewished orthodox medicine got pure in National Socialist circles. Drug studies were done at different homoeopathic hospitals by the Reichsgesundheitsamt (RGA) between 1936 and 1939, much of them placebo checked. Above all the reliability of earlier medicine examinations and thus also the priority of the "pharmacological picture" developing on them should be investigated. The homoeopath Hanns Rabe (1890-1959), the internist Werner Siebert (1897-1951) and the pharmacology professors Gustav Kuschinsky (1904-1992) and Richard Bonsmann belonged to the study group. At that time the doctor and homoeopath Fritz Donner (1896-1979) who was working in Berlin at the homoeopathic department of the Rudolf Virchow hospital, was involved substantially at these checks too. Extensive notes from Donner about the RGA examinations and previous studies became known as Donner report for the homoeopathy and are available today in the original in the "homoeopathy archives" of the institute for history of the medicine of the Robert Bosch foundation in Stuttgart. But nothing positive for the homoeopathy came of the government-supported examinations. Double blinded experiments were carried out with Silicea C30, for example. The result: Verum and placebo caused equal much symptoms. It was not possible for the homoeopaths present to distinguish verum and placebo. In 1938/39 clinical attempts with homeopathics were also accomplished with negative results in the Robert Koch hospital in Berlin. The homoeopath Rabe reacted with the assumption that [ ... ] homoeopathy is no pharmacotherapeutic method, as assumed till now, but a form of psychotherapy [ ... ]. Fritz Donner in a memory protocol: Truthfully one would have to answer that during the medicine examination nothing came out and that a reaction speaking for a therapeutical effect of the used medicines never has occurred in the clinical tests with a patient. Nevertheless it was announced officially that certain difficulties would have manifested themselves so that one must start newly. The war prevented however further research. Donner expressed himself more considerably later within the 1960s: He called the examination a total fiasco for the homoeopathy.</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Homeopathy&diff=2050Homeopathy2012-02-17T22:26:24Z<p>Pamela: </p>
<hr />
<div>Homoeopathy is a [[Pseudoscience|pseudo-scientific]] method which is used for the treatment of nearly all illnesses. It was invented by the saxon doctor and occultist [[Samuel Hahnemann]] around the year 1800 and exists almost unchanged today. The homoeopathy relies on two general basic principles. One of them, known as the "law of similars", is "let like be cured by like." Inventor Hahnemann specified at that time that, according to the law of similars, every illness is cured by substances which cause similar symptoms when they are taken by a healthy patient. The other priciple is called potentization. The homoeopathic remedies shall work the more strongly the more they are diluted into solution according to a particular procedure. None of these two principles could be confirmed experimentally until now.<br />
<br />
Homoeopathy believers are frequently, consciously or unconsciously, overall sceptical in relation to the scientific medicine: With the (mostly irrational) fear of the "harmful chemistry" a "nocebo effect" which impairs the effect of well approved conventional methods is connected inseparably.<br />
<br />
Also see: [[Allopathy]]<br />
<br />
==Variants of homoeopathy==<br />
Different variants of the original classic homoeopathy have taken shape to Hahnemann in the course of the time. So one distinguishes low-potentizers from high-potentizers, monotherapists of polypragmatists, homoeopathic physiotherapists of anthroposophic homoeopaths, etc.<br />
<br />
*Classic homoeopathy is the form of the homoeopathy which strictly orientates itself at Samuel Hahnemann's teachings. According to Hahnemann only one single remedy at the time shall be given for all physical or intellectual illnesses. The classically working homoeopath is looking for the one of his opinion to suitable similar. The most well-known current representative is Georgos Vithoulkas.<br />
*Constitutional homoeopathy is the application of homoeopathic remedy mixtures due to an illness diagnosis. Also see: Constitutional homoeopathy<br />
*The clinical homoeopathy describes the application of homoeopathic remedies in so-called low-potencies (D1-D12) according to certain diagnoses.<br />
*Miasmatic homoeopathy describes different variants of the constitutional homoeopathy with the emphasis on the therapy of chronic illnesses under consideration of Hahneman's miasmatic theory.<br />
*Microimmunetherapy calls itself a method at which cytokines are potentized and given to sublingual. In doing so, it is posited by the suppliers that a high concentration of components of the immune system would lie under the tongue. The therapy is as of, aimed to modulate the immune system about the potentized effect of cytokines. Maurice Jenaer is regarded as a founder of the micro immune therapy. A supplier of microimmunal therapeutic agents is the enterprise Labo'Life which also has a patent on "specific nucleid acids". Details on effect and composition of the remedies are missing.<br />
*The biochemical homoeopathy refers to a homoeopathy variant at which nosodes and potentized poisons are used (Also see the Horvi-Enzyme-Therapy). The method is apparently only used by her inventress, the biochemist and non-medical practitioner Karin Lenger from Offenbach.<br />
*Newer interpretations and derivatives of the homoeopathy are in coming. Here, fluent transitions let themselves be seen towards faith-healing or an energy medicine. Representatives of this mostly refused group among classic homoeopaths, believe that they do not need to introduce the remedies into the body of the patient after case history and repertorization. Alone the spatial proximity of the remedy to the patient suffices to develop an effect. The remedies could be carried at the body or put under the pillow, for example. A glass of water also can show homoeopathic effects if it is put merely on a sheet of paper with the name of the remedy. The sheet of paper shall transfer its information to glass water which is to be used. Typical methods from this spectrum are the Harmopathy, New Homoeopathy after Erich Körbler, Seghal method, Herscue method, process-oriented homoeopathy, quantum logical homoeopathy, creative homoeopathy, impulse homoeopathy, the Similis cards, Silent Healing or the Sankaran method (also called "Bombay method" or "systematic homoeopathy"). The tele-homoeopathy is one variant of the homoeopathy of which her inventor claims that this works as a remote treatment over the Internet (e-mail or Skype) or via telephone.<br />
*The homoeosiniatry is a method to unite the elements of the homoeopathy and the traditional Chinese medicine. Both acupuncture and homoeopathic remedies come to the applications.<br />
*Digital homoeopathy as an alternative expression for the Holopathy.<br />
*[[Banerji protocol]] - Method<br />
*C4-Homoeopathy<br />
*"resonance-healing" after Peter Chappell<br />
<br />
The electrohomoeopathy has to do little apart from the named similarity with the homoeopathy and refers to a variant of the Spagyric. Also certain equipment operated electrically for the diagnostics or therapy is taken to connection by its inventors and suppliers with the homoeopathy or refers to it. To be called exemplary have here for Cem Tech, transmaterial catalyst or Wave transfer.<br />
<br />
After the living beings to be treated you distinguish between the homoeopathy for well-being purposes with man as well as the animal homoeopathy and plant homoeopathy. The plant homoeopathy is an expression for methods wherewith the help of homoeopathic products the plant growth shall be influenced. (Example: Product Biplantol.) <br />
<br />
==Hering's law of cure==<br />
A so-called Hering's law of cure goes back on a suggestion of the Hahnemann supporter Constantin Hering from Saxony in the 19th century. Herring believed that a recovery is carried out, if it goes to an extinction of symptoms in the following directions:<br />
<br />
*from inside to the outside<br />
*from above to below<br />
*of now too earlier<br />
<br />
==Being missing the scientific basis==<br />
After about 200 years of research of homoeopaths and non-homoeopaths no scientific proof of an effect of the homoeopathy going beyond the placebo effect has been confessed and it is also regarded as a disproven hypothesis today. After today's level of knowledge homoeopathy has to be equated with a placebo therapy, what does not have to be said, though, that it is completely ineffective. One can indeed, particularly with charismatic therapists and corresponding therapeutical ritual, assume that it can achieve an effect on corresponding patients opposite to a non-treatment (that is the idleness). Dangers result from the homoeopathy from the fact that homoeopaths and patients overestimate the placebo effects of the homoeopathy and refrain from reproducibly effective treatments with an effectiveness proof which goes beyond the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
What speaks against homoeopathy are the missing effectiveness proofs, the pseudo-scientific dogmatic character of the homoeopathy schools (which are actually orthodox medical practitioners), the completely missing prevention of the illness as well as inner contradictions like the not reproducible cinchona experiment to which Hahnemann alternatively refers. Homoeopaths don't like to say how long a therapy shall be carried out. From the chemical scientific point of view the method of potentization (which is in reality a dilution under certain circumstances) cannot be brought with the reality into harmony.<br />
<br />
As an argument for the homoeopathy the lack of side effects is often mentioned. The argument is, that hardly side effects have to be expected at a strong potentization (dilution). This argument contradicts, however, the assumption that potentization would make the effect of the substances grow and is therefore a contradiction in terms. The claim to strengthen the self-healing ability of man is often named as an argument for the homoeopathy, too. The supporters remain the proof of it, however, guiltily.<br />
<br />
Contrary to frequently common views around an integral treatment in the context of the homoeopathy it is to consider this alternative medicine as a symptom based therapy form which is based exclusively on described and observable symptoms of the patient. The aetiology of illnesses (cause study) gets largely hidden.<br />
<br />
Hahnemann and modern homoeopaths orientate themselves at healing laws of which the idea also is part that homoeopathic therapies treat people from inside to the outside and beginningly with the latest symptom. In turn such ideas do not have any basis in any models of biology or illness.<br />
<br />
The medical faculty of the University of Marburg declared the homoeopathy as false doctrine in the medical news of March 3rd, 1993: It's active principle is deception of the patient, strengthened by the self-deception of the therapist.<br />
<br />
==Pseudo-scientific explanation approaches==<br />
The homoeopathy is not plausible from the scientific view: It contradicts the logic, the laws of nature and medical knowledge of the past and presence. High potencies after D 23 or C 12 do not contain any molecule of the raw material. How shall drops which only consist of solvents operate? There is no water memory which could take "information".<br />
<br />
It is not meaningful in the scientific medicine to explain the operation of methods which can not provide the slightest effectiveness proof. The question about the active principle of the homoeopathy is completely senseless as long as there are no indications that homoeopathy develops an effect at all. All attempts at explanation of the homoeopathy are not founded therefore scientifically and will be able to do as classified pseudo-scientifically.<br />
<br />
This, however, does not stop homoeopaths from thinking up working mechanisms to the homoeopathy and publishing these. The span width reaches the pseudo-scientific re-interpretation of quantum mechanical and atom physical knowledge (see of animistic ideas of spirit animated matter in which the potentization releases the positive spirits (also vibrations) of the substances: Quantum mysticism.<br />
<br />
The water memory, which Jacques Benveniste thought to have found, is often quoted as evidence. It is clear at the latest since 1995 that Benvenistes results are not comprehensible. It is nevertheless claimed furthermore that high potencies would contain information, although neither one can find information carriers nor a code is conceivable. So it is not surprising that the last "evidence" which is celebrated as a breakthrough proved also wrong and intolerable with rat intestines at the university Leipzig. An extensive appreciation of this pseudo research at the university Leipzig is found here: [4]. Whatever information the structure of the water contains in the conception of the supporters, it would have to be transferred also to the sugar pills on which the drop of the homoeopathic water is laid on. The memory of the water would have to "survive" in a way the ingestion and absorption through the gastrointestinal system in the body and the transport by the blood up to the tissue. Biologists have neither found a "water memory" nor discovered homoeopathic signals or receptors, still something which could plausibly serve as a receptor for water structures.<br />
<br />
Today's homoeopaths often retire on the quantum mechanics to explain the alleged effect of homoeopathic remedies. However, quantum effects are from importance only at a subatomic and perhaps still atomic level. They are not relevant for the macroscopic world or biological systems like viruses, single cells or upward. <br />
<br />
The fact that also diluted water is offered as a homoeopathic remedy (1 gram of a diluted water costs about 1 pound, see illustration on the right) makes the concept just as doubtfully as the assertions of some homoeopaths that an effect would start out from remedies carried under the pillow or at the body.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and medical ethic==<br />
Besides the dangers of a refrained or delayed effective therapy in favour of the application of homoeopathic remedies, also other ethical questions arise. The prescription of homoeopathic remedies as a placebo can have only a sense if the therapist does not inform the patient about the actual placebo character of these remedies, and withholds the fact from him that (at least in the high-potentized remedies) no working molecule is contained. It is a disdain of ethical principles not to inform the patient about the real character of a therapy and undermines also the relation to the patient which is based on confidence.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and malaria prophylaxis and anti tick globules==<br />
In Germany it is to be observed again and again that homoeopaths use the remedy malaria 2000 (or another remedy) to a so-called malaria prophylaxis for patients who intend to travel to a country in which the malaria is endemic. Regularly malaria patients have to be treated who indicate to have prepared in such a way in front of malaria and were infected nevertheless. It came to at least one death of a patient after a malaria 2000 prophylaxis. The Bavarian broadcast quotes the tropics institute in Munich on his web pages, there therefore were several deaths with people who had relied on a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis. The drug commissions of the pharmacists and the German medical association took position with publications and clear warnings against such a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis: The drug commission of the pharmacists has warned of a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis in the pharmaceutical newspaper already on March 19th, 1998. It is put straight that malaria represents a serious and partly life-threatening illness and "is not to be confronted with non-specific homoeopathic remedies of which one hopes for an increased immunity of the body against malaria pathogenes. Such malfunctioned “prophylaxis” cases are literature-well-informed". You warn therefore urgently to hand in homoeopathic means to the malaria prophylaxis. It is urgently advised against to hand in homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis. The drug commission of the German medical association warn even more considerably and more sharply in the German medical news 95 of June 19th, 1998. The drug commission took reference to a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis offered by a company. Literal: "Set up doctors who order patients a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis have to expect profession legal and criminal consequences. The malaria is a serious and perhaps life-threatening illness, because of the acute endangering of the patients who perhaps rely on their homoeopathic remedy, the drug commission of the German medical association sees at the prescription of such homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis a violation of the professional duties of the doctor and disadvises urgently, for the safety of the patients, from a prescription of such remedies. On the other hand the illness prophylaxis is controversial within the homoeopathy scene, because no homoeopathic remedies can be found without recognizable symptoms. Also in England such malaria prophylaxes had been confessed and the English state NHS therefore suspended the payments to homoeopathic facilities as of 2008.<br />
<br />
Also so-called anti ticks globules are similarly critical to prevent a Lyme disease illness on a natural way, how a pharmacy in Arnsberg secretly means. To this this pharmacy has developed a special mixture with a homoeopathic manufacturer which contains nosodes, which shall represent a homoeopathic vaccination. It particularly is referred to the Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE),which is transferred by ticks, and the Lyme disease. The anti ticks globules shall contain in addition also Ledum palustre (Marsh Labrador tea), what is supposed to change the body odour of one's own according to a protection.<br />
<br />
The application of Spenglersan Kolloid M-remedies for the the malaria prophylaxis could not prevent documented a malaria, Swedish doctors published case reports and a warning to this. <br />
<br />
The World Health Organization WHO has explicitly warned 2009 of the homoeopathy as a treatment option at malaria, HIV infection, tuberculosis, influenza and diarrhoeas in the childhood.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathic Antidots==<br />
Supporters of the homoeopathy are afraid of apparently unwanted effects of the own therapies, particularly as too intensive first worsenings after a homoeopathic medication. But this case is also provided for by so-called homoeopathic antidotes. Therefore it would be sufficient to disable the remedy causing the first worsenings by a couple of drinks of a strong coffee or by smelling to camphors (tiger balsam, Vic-vapo rup ...). According to the so-called women's magazine "FÜR SIE" (engl. for her) mobile telephones would "impair" homoeopathic remedies in their effect. At the taking of such a remedy one should set the mobile telephone aside. The electromagnetic fields of radio alarms, computers and microwaves also can impair the effect of the remedies.<br />
<br />
==History of the homoeopathy==<br />
One can grant the homoeopathy thoroughly "scientific" character in the time of the development (according to definition at that time). After all, Hahnemann proceeded empirically and checked his thesis at experiments on himself. Nowadays the gain of knowledge since this time makes the theory only seem interesting from the medicine historical view. The homoeopathy cannot be regarded as a serious medical method due to the missing effectiveness proof. At Hahnemann's times neither a clinical thermometer was invented nor the knowledge of bacteria was acquired, instead the strangest attempts to explain arised (miasma for example, pathogenic steams which raise of the ground), so that one must quite regard Hahnemann's model from historical view as reasonable. From today's view after over two centuries of enormous knowledge profit one can suspect that even Hahnemann, he would still live and have today's knowledge, would mock his apologists. So the homoeopathy was already criticized intensely over 100 years ago (see links). The similarity principle of the homoeopathy does not go back on Hahnemann, there already were analogous conceivabilities (for example in England) before.<br />
<br />
Furthermore it is remarkable that some of Hahnemanns recommendations from the Organon, such as the application of a hot terpentine to scald injuries, are not propagated broadly anymore. With injuries at which one can immediately see the success or failure of a treatment the teachings are rejected partly correctly as obsolete and unfounded. The parts of Hahemanns teachings which are also illogical and unfounded, however, are commercialized profitably at whose putting into action one can hope for the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathic doctors in Europe==<br />
5.000 doctors shall approximately have attained a qualification as homoeopath in Germany. The net newspaper says that approximately every 40th doctor has a qualification in "homoeopathy" in Germany at the moment. According to information from the ECHAMP about 2.5% of the doctors in Germany, 8.3% in Italy and in 14% Slovakia, have a qualification in "homoeopathy". On the other hand, the quota is under 0.03% in Sweden, of almost 30.000 only ten have a homoeopathic additional training for Swedish doctors, altogether. 56.000 doctors would therefore almost Europe-wide have a qualification in "homoeopathy". The so glaringly different acceptance of the homoeopathy into two industrial nations like Germany and Sweden at a comparable health status of the German and Swede shows that the homoeopathy can be renounced without problems on the one hand apparently without a relevant effect arising on the population's health and on the other hand that the popularity of the homoeopathy is rather not associated to scientific arguments or proofs of evidence, but relies more on philosophy of lives, prejudices or traditions. Convincing scientific arguments and effectiveness proofs which would speak for the application of the homoeopathy, would also have convinced Swedish physicians.<br />
<br />
==The business with homeopathics==<br />
Germany and France are the most important markets for a homoeopathic and anthroposophic-homoeopathic medicine in Europe. Almost 60% of all medicines of these therapy directions produced in Europe were, sold [27] with a Europe-wide increase of 60% between 1995 and 2005 in these two countries. In Germany there was a turnover plus of 80%, in France 300%. The Europe-wide sales volume amounts to 1.7 billion euros, about 7% of all medicine available without prescription. The revenues of the production amounted to about 930 million euros, therefrom 810 million euros for medicine in 2005. Measured against the manufacturer's prices about 268 million euros of the EU sales were allotted to Germany, on France 294 million euros. According to information from the weekly periodical of "Der Spiegel" the sales volume of the homoeopathy remedies was at 400 million euros in 2009. According to information from the federal association of the pharmaceutical industry the legal health insurance companies paid 9 million euros for homoeopathic remedies. The subsequent costs are not, however, included for ineffective homoeopathic therapies here. The costs by homoeopathic first and subsequent case histories which must be usually paid by the patients are also not comparable with these costs. The market leading enterprise in Germany is the German homoeopathy union (DHU). The group with over 400 employees has developed out of the company Schwabe set up in 1961.<br />
<br />
The most used homeopathic is Oscilococcinum C200. This remedy also is called the "20 million canard". The annual turnover for the product is 20 million dollars. The remedy is produced from duck liver, but only the liver of one single duck is used for the complete sales volume, and of this something is left: The potentization of C200 means that the ratio of liver to the solution 1 to 10 is with 400 zeros.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy is financially interesting for doctors==<br />
The payoff of "homoeopathic" benefits by doctors gets more and more attractive for these as the doctor newspaper reported already 2007. The compensation contains € 90 first case history, € 20 Repertorisation, € 20 analysis and € 45 subsequent case history. For these € 175 a set up specialist cares for 5 "conventional" patients for a whole quarter, regardless how often these appear in the practice. In principle, as a National Health patient one can take up homoeopathic performances at such illness forms "at which a cure or alleviation has to be expected by a specifical therapeutical response of potentially still available self-healing strengths".<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and controversial measles parties==<br />
2005 became known that supporters of the homoeopathy do not decline so-called measles parties generally. Quotation of a corresponding newspaper article: Homoeopathic doctors do not decline "measles parties" generally. At tradeoff of the possible side effects of a vaccination with the risks of an illness, an infection caused consciously "is worth a consideration, at an age between about three and eight years" said the Munich paediatrician Dr. Steffen Rabe.<br />
<br />
It is a result of the vaccinating campaigns that in comparison with in the past more babies and adults fall ill at measles outbreaks today. The risk of falling ill with complications, such as a brain fever, because of measles was, however, higher with this group of people up to ten times, Rabe said. "The increased measles illness frequency with babies is an immediate result of the vaccinating politics", so Rabe. The last decision on the participation of a child in a "measles party" always rests with parents in the opinion of the doctor.<br />
<br />
In the case of a measles illness the paediatrician recommends the complete renunciation of fever-reducing drugs since these possibly increase the complication risk. "The patient rather needs primarily silence and rest." In many cases, the illness has to be treated well with classic homoeopathy.<br />
<br />
==Studies on homoeopathy==<br />
===The early studies===<br />
<br />
Already to life times of Hahnemann his teaching was controversial and aroused lively discussions and the first tests with homeopathics proceeded negatively. Hahnemann's readings couldn't be confirmed in repetitions of his original „medicine tests“. The famous cinchona experiment the teaching is based on was a mistake: Although cinchona lowers the body temperature, Hahnemann felt fevers after the taking. Possibly an allergic reaction. The non-blinded "drug examinations" without switching off a possible placebo effect by comparison with a fake medication are not acceptable scientifically either.<br />
<br />
===The homoeopathy studies in the time of the National Socialism===<br />
There were further examinations to the homoeopathy in the time of the National Socialism. The regime wanted a reorientation in the health service, the "new German medicine". Moreover, the criticism of jewished orthodox medicine got pure in National Socialist circles. Drug studies were done at different homoeopathic hospitals by the Reichsgesundheitsamt (RGA) between 1936 and 1939, much of them placebo checked. Above all the reliability of earlier medicine examinations and thus also the priority of the "pharmacological picture" developing on them should be investigated. The homoeopath Hanns Rabe (1890-1959), the internist Werner Siebert (1897-1951) and the pharmacology professors Gustav Kuschinsky (1904-1992) and Richard Bonsmann belonged to the study group. At that time the doctor and homoeopath Fritz Donner (1896-1979) who was working in Berlin at the homoeopathic department of the Rudolf Virchow hospital, was involved substantially at these checks too. Extensive notes from Donner about the RGA examinations and previous studies became known as Donner report for the homoeopathy and are available today in the original in the "homoeopathy archives" of the institute for history of the medicine of the Robert Bosch foundation in Stuttgart. But nothing positive for the homoeopathy came of the government-supported examinations. Double blinded experiments were carried out with Silicea C30, for example. The result: Verum and placebo caused equal much symptoms. It was not possible for the homoeopaths present to distinguish verum and placebo. In 1938/39 clinical attempts with homeopathics were also accomplished with negative results in the Robert Koch hospital in Berlin. The homoeopath Rabe reacted with the assumption that [ ... ] homoeopathy is no pharmacotherapeutic method, as assumed till now, but a form of psychotherapy [ ... ]. Fritz Donner in a memory protocol: Truthfully one would have to answer that during the medicine examination nothing came out and that a reaction speaking for a therapeutical effect of the used medicines never has occurred in the clinical tests with a patient. Nevertheless it was announced officially that certain difficulties would have manifested themselves so that one must start newly. The war prevented however further research. Donner expressed himself more considerably later within the 1960s: He called the examination a total fiasco for the homoeopathy.</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Homeopathy&diff=2049Homeopathy2012-02-17T22:25:57Z<p>Pamela: </p>
<hr />
<div>Homoeopathy is a [[Pseudoscience|pseudo-scientific]] method which is used for the treatment of nearly all illnesses. It was invented by the saxon doctor and occultist Samuel Hahnemann around the year 1800 and exists almost unchanged today. The homoeopathy relies on two general basic principles. One of them, known as the "law of similars", is "let like be cured by like." Inventor Hahnemann specified at that time that, according to the law of similars, every illness is cured by substances which cause similar symptoms when they are taken by a healthy patient. The other priciple is called potentization. The homoeopathic remedies shall work the more strongly the more they are diluted into solution according to a particular procedure. None of these two principles could be confirmed experimentally until now.<br />
<br />
Homoeopathy believers are frequently, consciously or unconsciously, overall sceptical in relation to the scientific medicine: With the (mostly irrational) fear of the "harmful chemistry" a "nocebo effect" which impairs the effect of well approved conventional methods is connected inseparably.<br />
<br />
Also see: [[Allopathy]]<br />
<br />
==Variants of homoeopathy==<br />
Different variants of the original classic homoeopathy have taken shape to Hahnemann in the course of the time. So one distinguishes low-potentizers from high-potentizers, monotherapists of polypragmatists, homoeopathic physiotherapists of anthroposophic homoeopaths, etc.<br />
<br />
*Classic homoeopathy is the form of the homoeopathy which strictly orientates itself at Samuel Hahnemann's teachings. According to Hahnemann only one single remedy at the time shall be given for all physical or intellectual illnesses. The classically working homoeopath is looking for the one of his opinion to suitable similar. The most well-known current representative is Georgos Vithoulkas.<br />
*Constitutional homoeopathy is the application of homoeopathic remedy mixtures due to an illness diagnosis. Also see: Constitutional homoeopathy<br />
*The clinical homoeopathy describes the application of homoeopathic remedies in so-called low-potencies (D1-D12) according to certain diagnoses.<br />
*Miasmatic homoeopathy describes different variants of the constitutional homoeopathy with the emphasis on the therapy of chronic illnesses under consideration of Hahneman's miasmatic theory.<br />
*Microimmunetherapy calls itself a method at which cytokines are potentized and given to sublingual. In doing so, it is posited by the suppliers that a high concentration of components of the immune system would lie under the tongue. The therapy is as of, aimed to modulate the immune system about the potentized effect of cytokines. Maurice Jenaer is regarded as a founder of the micro immune therapy. A supplier of microimmunal therapeutic agents is the enterprise Labo'Life which also has a patent on "specific nucleid acids". Details on effect and composition of the remedies are missing.<br />
*The biochemical homoeopathy refers to a homoeopathy variant at which nosodes and potentized poisons are used (Also see the Horvi-Enzyme-Therapy). The method is apparently only used by her inventress, the biochemist and non-medical practitioner Karin Lenger from Offenbach.<br />
*Newer interpretations and derivatives of the homoeopathy are in coming. Here, fluent transitions let themselves be seen towards faith-healing or an energy medicine. Representatives of this mostly refused group among classic homoeopaths, believe that they do not need to introduce the remedies into the body of the patient after case history and repertorization. Alone the spatial proximity of the remedy to the patient suffices to develop an effect. The remedies could be carried at the body or put under the pillow, for example. A glass of water also can show homoeopathic effects if it is put merely on a sheet of paper with the name of the remedy. The sheet of paper shall transfer its information to glass water which is to be used. Typical methods from this spectrum are the Harmopathy, New Homoeopathy after Erich Körbler, Seghal method, Herscue method, process-oriented homoeopathy, quantum logical homoeopathy, creative homoeopathy, impulse homoeopathy, the Similis cards, Silent Healing or the Sankaran method (also called "Bombay method" or "systematic homoeopathy"). The tele-homoeopathy is one variant of the homoeopathy of which her inventor claims that this works as a remote treatment over the Internet (e-mail or Skype) or via telephone.<br />
*The homoeosiniatry is a method to unite the elements of the homoeopathy and the traditional Chinese medicine. Both acupuncture and homoeopathic remedies come to the applications.<br />
*Digital homoeopathy as an alternative expression for the Holopathy.<br />
*[[Banerji protocol]] - Method<br />
*C4-Homoeopathy<br />
*"resonance-healing" after Peter Chappell<br />
<br />
The electrohomoeopathy has to do little apart from the named similarity with the homoeopathy and refers to a variant of the Spagyric. Also certain equipment operated electrically for the diagnostics or therapy is taken to connection by its inventors and suppliers with the homoeopathy or refers to it. To be called exemplary have here for Cem Tech, transmaterial catalyst or Wave transfer.<br />
<br />
After the living beings to be treated you distinguish between the homoeopathy for well-being purposes with man as well as the animal homoeopathy and plant homoeopathy. The plant homoeopathy is an expression for methods wherewith the help of homoeopathic products the plant growth shall be influenced. (Example: Product Biplantol.) <br />
<br />
==Hering's law of cure==<br />
A so-called Hering's law of cure goes back on a suggestion of the Hahnemann supporter Constantin Hering from Saxony in the 19th century. Herring believed that a recovery is carried out, if it goes to an extinction of symptoms in the following directions:<br />
<br />
*from inside to the outside<br />
*from above to below<br />
*of now too earlier<br />
<br />
==Being missing the scientific basis==<br />
After about 200 years of research of homoeopaths and non-homoeopaths no scientific proof of an effect of the homoeopathy going beyond the placebo effect has been confessed and it is also regarded as a disproven hypothesis today. After today's level of knowledge homoeopathy has to be equated with a placebo therapy, what does not have to be said, though, that it is completely ineffective. One can indeed, particularly with charismatic therapists and corresponding therapeutical ritual, assume that it can achieve an effect on corresponding patients opposite to a non-treatment (that is the idleness). Dangers result from the homoeopathy from the fact that homoeopaths and patients overestimate the placebo effects of the homoeopathy and refrain from reproducibly effective treatments with an effectiveness proof which goes beyond the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
What speaks against homoeopathy are the missing effectiveness proofs, the pseudo-scientific dogmatic character of the homoeopathy schools (which are actually orthodox medical practitioners), the completely missing prevention of the illness as well as inner contradictions like the not reproducible cinchona experiment to which Hahnemann alternatively refers. Homoeopaths don't like to say how long a therapy shall be carried out. From the chemical scientific point of view the method of potentization (which is in reality a dilution under certain circumstances) cannot be brought with the reality into harmony.<br />
<br />
As an argument for the homoeopathy the lack of side effects is often mentioned. The argument is, that hardly side effects have to be expected at a strong potentization (dilution). This argument contradicts, however, the assumption that potentization would make the effect of the substances grow and is therefore a contradiction in terms. The claim to strengthen the self-healing ability of man is often named as an argument for the homoeopathy, too. The supporters remain the proof of it, however, guiltily.<br />
<br />
Contrary to frequently common views around an integral treatment in the context of the homoeopathy it is to consider this alternative medicine as a symptom based therapy form which is based exclusively on described and observable symptoms of the patient. The aetiology of illnesses (cause study) gets largely hidden.<br />
<br />
Hahnemann and modern homoeopaths orientate themselves at healing laws of which the idea also is part that homoeopathic therapies treat people from inside to the outside and beginningly with the latest symptom. In turn such ideas do not have any basis in any models of biology or illness.<br />
<br />
The medical faculty of the University of Marburg declared the homoeopathy as false doctrine in the medical news of March 3rd, 1993: It's active principle is deception of the patient, strengthened by the self-deception of the therapist.<br />
<br />
==Pseudo-scientific explanation approaches==<br />
The homoeopathy is not plausible from the scientific view: It contradicts the logic, the laws of nature and medical knowledge of the past and presence. High potencies after D 23 or C 12 do not contain any molecule of the raw material. How shall drops which only consist of solvents operate? There is no water memory which could take "information".<br />
<br />
It is not meaningful in the scientific medicine to explain the operation of methods which can not provide the slightest effectiveness proof. The question about the active principle of the homoeopathy is completely senseless as long as there are no indications that homoeopathy develops an effect at all. All attempts at explanation of the homoeopathy are not founded therefore scientifically and will be able to do as classified pseudo-scientifically.<br />
<br />
This, however, does not stop homoeopaths from thinking up working mechanisms to the homoeopathy and publishing these. The span width reaches the pseudo-scientific re-interpretation of quantum mechanical and atom physical knowledge (see of animistic ideas of spirit animated matter in which the potentization releases the positive spirits (also vibrations) of the substances: Quantum mysticism.<br />
<br />
The water memory, which Jacques Benveniste thought to have found, is often quoted as evidence. It is clear at the latest since 1995 that Benvenistes results are not comprehensible. It is nevertheless claimed furthermore that high potencies would contain information, although neither one can find information carriers nor a code is conceivable. So it is not surprising that the last "evidence" which is celebrated as a breakthrough proved also wrong and intolerable with rat intestines at the university Leipzig. An extensive appreciation of this pseudo research at the university Leipzig is found here: [4]. Whatever information the structure of the water contains in the conception of the supporters, it would have to be transferred also to the sugar pills on which the drop of the homoeopathic water is laid on. The memory of the water would have to "survive" in a way the ingestion and absorption through the gastrointestinal system in the body and the transport by the blood up to the tissue. Biologists have neither found a "water memory" nor discovered homoeopathic signals or receptors, still something which could plausibly serve as a receptor for water structures.<br />
<br />
Today's homoeopaths often retire on the quantum mechanics to explain the alleged effect of homoeopathic remedies. However, quantum effects are from importance only at a subatomic and perhaps still atomic level. They are not relevant for the macroscopic world or biological systems like viruses, single cells or upward. <br />
<br />
The fact that also diluted water is offered as a homoeopathic remedy (1 gram of a diluted water costs about 1 pound, see illustration on the right) makes the concept just as doubtfully as the assertions of some homoeopaths that an effect would start out from remedies carried under the pillow or at the body.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and medical ethic==<br />
Besides the dangers of a refrained or delayed effective therapy in favour of the application of homoeopathic remedies, also other ethical questions arise. The prescription of homoeopathic remedies as a placebo can have only a sense if the therapist does not inform the patient about the actual placebo character of these remedies, and withholds the fact from him that (at least in the high-potentized remedies) no working molecule is contained. It is a disdain of ethical principles not to inform the patient about the real character of a therapy and undermines also the relation to the patient which is based on confidence.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and malaria prophylaxis and anti tick globules==<br />
In Germany it is to be observed again and again that homoeopaths use the remedy malaria 2000 (or another remedy) to a so-called malaria prophylaxis for patients who intend to travel to a country in which the malaria is endemic. Regularly malaria patients have to be treated who indicate to have prepared in such a way in front of malaria and were infected nevertheless. It came to at least one death of a patient after a malaria 2000 prophylaxis. The Bavarian broadcast quotes the tropics institute in Munich on his web pages, there therefore were several deaths with people who had relied on a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis. The drug commissions of the pharmacists and the German medical association took position with publications and clear warnings against such a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis: The drug commission of the pharmacists has warned of a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis in the pharmaceutical newspaper already on March 19th, 1998. It is put straight that malaria represents a serious and partly life-threatening illness and "is not to be confronted with non-specific homoeopathic remedies of which one hopes for an increased immunity of the body against malaria pathogenes. Such malfunctioned “prophylaxis” cases are literature-well-informed". You warn therefore urgently to hand in homoeopathic means to the malaria prophylaxis. It is urgently advised against to hand in homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis. The drug commission of the German medical association warn even more considerably and more sharply in the German medical news 95 of June 19th, 1998. The drug commission took reference to a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis offered by a company. Literal: "Set up doctors who order patients a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis have to expect profession legal and criminal consequences. The malaria is a serious and perhaps life-threatening illness, because of the acute endangering of the patients who perhaps rely on their homoeopathic remedy, the drug commission of the German medical association sees at the prescription of such homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis a violation of the professional duties of the doctor and disadvises urgently, for the safety of the patients, from a prescription of such remedies. On the other hand the illness prophylaxis is controversial within the homoeopathy scene, because no homoeopathic remedies can be found without recognizable symptoms. Also in England such malaria prophylaxes had been confessed and the English state NHS therefore suspended the payments to homoeopathic facilities as of 2008.<br />
<br />
Also so-called anti ticks globules are similarly critical to prevent a Lyme disease illness on a natural way, how a pharmacy in Arnsberg secretly means. To this this pharmacy has developed a special mixture with a homoeopathic manufacturer which contains nosodes, which shall represent a homoeopathic vaccination. It particularly is referred to the Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE),which is transferred by ticks, and the Lyme disease. The anti ticks globules shall contain in addition also Ledum palustre (Marsh Labrador tea), what is supposed to change the body odour of one's own according to a protection.<br />
<br />
The application of Spenglersan Kolloid M-remedies for the the malaria prophylaxis could not prevent documented a malaria, Swedish doctors published case reports and a warning to this. <br />
<br />
The World Health Organization WHO has explicitly warned 2009 of the homoeopathy as a treatment option at malaria, HIV infection, tuberculosis, influenza and diarrhoeas in the childhood.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathic Antidots==<br />
Supporters of the homoeopathy are afraid of apparently unwanted effects of the own therapies, particularly as too intensive first worsenings after a homoeopathic medication. But this case is also provided for by so-called homoeopathic antidotes. Therefore it would be sufficient to disable the remedy causing the first worsenings by a couple of drinks of a strong coffee or by smelling to camphors (tiger balsam, Vic-vapo rup ...). According to the so-called women's magazine "FÜR SIE" (engl. for her) mobile telephones would "impair" homoeopathic remedies in their effect. At the taking of such a remedy one should set the mobile telephone aside. The electromagnetic fields of radio alarms, computers and microwaves also can impair the effect of the remedies.<br />
<br />
==History of the homoeopathy==<br />
One can grant the homoeopathy thoroughly "scientific" character in the time of the development (according to definition at that time). After all, Hahnemann proceeded empirically and checked his thesis at experiments on himself. Nowadays the gain of knowledge since this time makes the theory only seem interesting from the medicine historical view. The homoeopathy cannot be regarded as a serious medical method due to the missing effectiveness proof. At Hahnemann's times neither a clinical thermometer was invented nor the knowledge of bacteria was acquired, instead the strangest attempts to explain arised (miasma for example, pathogenic steams which raise of the ground), so that one must quite regard Hahnemann's model from historical view as reasonable. From today's view after over two centuries of enormous knowledge profit one can suspect that even Hahnemann, he would still live and have today's knowledge, would mock his apologists. So the homoeopathy was already criticized intensely over 100 years ago (see links). The similarity principle of the homoeopathy does not go back on Hahnemann, there already were analogous conceivabilities (for example in England) before.<br />
<br />
Furthermore it is remarkable that some of Hahnemanns recommendations from the Organon, such as the application of a hot terpentine to scald injuries, are not propagated broadly anymore. With injuries at which one can immediately see the success or failure of a treatment the teachings are rejected partly correctly as obsolete and unfounded. The parts of Hahemanns teachings which are also illogical and unfounded, however, are commercialized profitably at whose putting into action one can hope for the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathic doctors in Europe==<br />
5.000 doctors shall approximately have attained a qualification as homoeopath in Germany. The net newspaper says that approximately every 40th doctor has a qualification in "homoeopathy" in Germany at the moment. According to information from the ECHAMP about 2.5% of the doctors in Germany, 8.3% in Italy and in 14% Slovakia, have a qualification in "homoeopathy". On the other hand, the quota is under 0.03% in Sweden, of almost 30.000 only ten have a homoeopathic additional training for Swedish doctors, altogether. 56.000 doctors would therefore almost Europe-wide have a qualification in "homoeopathy". The so glaringly different acceptance of the homoeopathy into two industrial nations like Germany and Sweden at a comparable health status of the German and Swede shows that the homoeopathy can be renounced without problems on the one hand apparently without a relevant effect arising on the population's health and on the other hand that the popularity of the homoeopathy is rather not associated to scientific arguments or proofs of evidence, but relies more on philosophy of lives, prejudices or traditions. Convincing scientific arguments and effectiveness proofs which would speak for the application of the homoeopathy, would also have convinced Swedish physicians.<br />
<br />
==The business with homeopathics==<br />
Germany and France are the most important markets for a homoeopathic and anthroposophic-homoeopathic medicine in Europe. Almost 60% of all medicines of these therapy directions produced in Europe were, sold [27] with a Europe-wide increase of 60% between 1995 and 2005 in these two countries. In Germany there was a turnover plus of 80%, in France 300%. The Europe-wide sales volume amounts to 1.7 billion euros, about 7% of all medicine available without prescription. The revenues of the production amounted to about 930 million euros, therefrom 810 million euros for medicine in 2005. Measured against the manufacturer's prices about 268 million euros of the EU sales were allotted to Germany, on France 294 million euros. According to information from the weekly periodical of "Der Spiegel" the sales volume of the homoeopathy remedies was at 400 million euros in 2009. According to information from the federal association of the pharmaceutical industry the legal health insurance companies paid 9 million euros for homoeopathic remedies. The subsequent costs are not, however, included for ineffective homoeopathic therapies here. The costs by homoeopathic first and subsequent case histories which must be usually paid by the patients are also not comparable with these costs. The market leading enterprise in Germany is the German homoeopathy union (DHU). The group with over 400 employees has developed out of the company Schwabe set up in 1961.<br />
<br />
The most used homeopathic is Oscilococcinum C200. This remedy also is called the "20 million canard". The annual turnover for the product is 20 million dollars. The remedy is produced from duck liver, but only the liver of one single duck is used for the complete sales volume, and of this something is left: The potentization of C200 means that the ratio of liver to the solution 1 to 10 is with 400 zeros.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy is financially interesting for doctors==<br />
The payoff of "homoeopathic" benefits by doctors gets more and more attractive for these as the doctor newspaper reported already 2007. The compensation contains € 90 first case history, € 20 Repertorisation, € 20 analysis and € 45 subsequent case history. For these € 175 a set up specialist cares for 5 "conventional" patients for a whole quarter, regardless how often these appear in the practice. In principle, as a National Health patient one can take up homoeopathic performances at such illness forms "at which a cure or alleviation has to be expected by a specifical therapeutical response of potentially still available self-healing strengths".<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and controversial measles parties==<br />
2005 became known that supporters of the homoeopathy do not decline so-called measles parties generally. Quotation of a corresponding newspaper article: Homoeopathic doctors do not decline "measles parties" generally. At tradeoff of the possible side effects of a vaccination with the risks of an illness, an infection caused consciously "is worth a consideration, at an age between about three and eight years" said the Munich paediatrician Dr. Steffen Rabe.<br />
<br />
It is a result of the vaccinating campaigns that in comparison with in the past more babies and adults fall ill at measles outbreaks today. The risk of falling ill with complications, such as a brain fever, because of measles was, however, higher with this group of people up to ten times, Rabe said. "The increased measles illness frequency with babies is an immediate result of the vaccinating politics", so Rabe. The last decision on the participation of a child in a "measles party" always rests with parents in the opinion of the doctor.<br />
<br />
In the case of a measles illness the paediatrician recommends the complete renunciation of fever-reducing drugs since these possibly increase the complication risk. "The patient rather needs primarily silence and rest." In many cases, the illness has to be treated well with classic homoeopathy.<br />
<br />
==Studies on homoeopathy==<br />
===The early studies===<br />
<br />
Already to life times of Hahnemann his teaching was controversial and aroused lively discussions and the first tests with homeopathics proceeded negatively. Hahnemann's readings couldn't be confirmed in repetitions of his original „medicine tests“. The famous cinchona experiment the teaching is based on was a mistake: Although cinchona lowers the body temperature, Hahnemann felt fevers after the taking. Possibly an allergic reaction. The non-blinded "drug examinations" without switching off a possible placebo effect by comparison with a fake medication are not acceptable scientifically either.<br />
<br />
===The homoeopathy studies in the time of the National Socialism===<br />
There were further examinations to the homoeopathy in the time of the National Socialism. The regime wanted a reorientation in the health service, the "new German medicine". Moreover, the criticism of jewished orthodox medicine got pure in National Socialist circles. Drug studies were done at different homoeopathic hospitals by the Reichsgesundheitsamt (RGA) between 1936 and 1939, much of them placebo checked. Above all the reliability of earlier medicine examinations and thus also the priority of the "pharmacological picture" developing on them should be investigated. The homoeopath Hanns Rabe (1890-1959), the internist Werner Siebert (1897-1951) and the pharmacology professors Gustav Kuschinsky (1904-1992) and Richard Bonsmann belonged to the study group. At that time the doctor and homoeopath Fritz Donner (1896-1979) who was working in Berlin at the homoeopathic department of the Rudolf Virchow hospital, was involved substantially at these checks too. Extensive notes from Donner about the RGA examinations and previous studies became known as Donner report for the homoeopathy and are available today in the original in the "homoeopathy archives" of the institute for history of the medicine of the Robert Bosch foundation in Stuttgart. But nothing positive for the homoeopathy came of the government-supported examinations. Double blinded experiments were carried out with Silicea C30, for example. The result: Verum and placebo caused equal much symptoms. It was not possible for the homoeopaths present to distinguish verum and placebo. In 1938/39 clinical attempts with homeopathics were also accomplished with negative results in the Robert Koch hospital in Berlin. The homoeopath Rabe reacted with the assumption that [ ... ] homoeopathy is no pharmacotherapeutic method, as assumed till now, but a form of psychotherapy [ ... ]. Fritz Donner in a memory protocol: Truthfully one would have to answer that during the medicine examination nothing came out and that a reaction speaking for a therapeutical effect of the used medicines never has occurred in the clinical tests with a patient. Nevertheless it was announced officially that certain difficulties would have manifested themselves so that one must start newly. The war prevented however further research. Donner expressed himself more considerably later within the 1960s: He called the examination a total fiasco for the homoeopathy.</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Homeopathy&diff=2048Homeopathy2012-02-17T22:23:52Z<p>Pamela: /* Hering's law of cure= */</p>
<hr />
<div>Homoeopathy is a pseudo-scientific method which is used for the treatment of nearly all illnesses. It was invented by the saxon doctor and occultist Samuel Hahnemann around the year 1800 and exists almost unchanged today. The homoeopathy relies on two general basic principles. One of them, known as the "law of similars", is "let like be cured by like." Inventor Hahnemann specified at that time that, according to the law of similars, every illness is cured by substances which cause similar symptoms when they are taken by a healthy patient. The other priciple is called potentization. The homoeopathic remedies shall work the more strongly the more they are diluted into solution according to a particular procedure. None of these two principles could be confirmed experimentally until now.<br />
<br />
Homoeopathy believers are frequently, consciously or unconsciously, overall sceptical in relation to the scientific medicine: With the (mostly irrational) fear of the "harmful chemistry" a "nocebo effect" which impairs the effect of well approved conventional methods is connected inseparably.<br />
<br />
Also see: [[Allopathy]]<br />
<br />
==Variants of homoeopathy==<br />
Different variants of the original classic homoeopathy have taken shape to Hahnemann in the course of the time. So one distinguishes low-potentizers from high-potentizers, monotherapists of polypragmatists, homoeopathic physiotherapists of anthroposophic homoeopaths, etc.<br />
<br />
*Classic homoeopathy is the form of the homoeopathy which strictly orientates itself at Samuel Hahnemann's teachings. According to Hahnemann only one single remedy at the time shall be given for all physical or intellectual illnesses. The classically working homoeopath is looking for the one of his opinion to suitable similar. The most well-known current representative is Georgos Vithoulkas.<br />
*Constitutional homoeopathy is the application of homoeopathic remedy mixtures due to an illness diagnosis. Also see: Constitutional homoeopathy<br />
*The clinical homoeopathy describes the application of homoeopathic remedies in so-called low-potencies (D1-D12) according to certain diagnoses.<br />
*Miasmatic homoeopathy describes different variants of the constitutional homoeopathy with the emphasis on the therapy of chronic illnesses under consideration of Hahneman's miasmatic theory.<br />
*Microimmunetherapy calls itself a method at which cytokines are potentized and given to sublingual. In doing so, it is posited by the suppliers that a high concentration of components of the immune system would lie under the tongue. The therapy is as of, aimed to modulate the immune system about the potentized effect of cytokines. Maurice Jenaer is regarded as a founder of the micro immune therapy. A supplier of microimmunal therapeutic agents is the enterprise Labo'Life which also has a patent on "specific nucleid acids". Details on effect and composition of the remedies are missing.<br />
*The biochemical homoeopathy refers to a homoeopathy variant at which nosodes and potentized poisons are used (Also see the Horvi-Enzyme-Therapy). The method is apparently only used by her inventress, the biochemist and non-medical practitioner Karin Lenger from Offenbach.<br />
*Newer interpretations and derivatives of the homoeopathy are in coming. Here, fluent transitions let themselves be seen towards faith-healing or an energy medicine. Representatives of this mostly refused group among classic homoeopaths, believe that they do not need to introduce the remedies into the body of the patient after case history and repertorization. Alone the spatial proximity of the remedy to the patient suffices to develop an effect. The remedies could be carried at the body or put under the pillow, for example. A glass of water also can show homoeopathic effects if it is put merely on a sheet of paper with the name of the remedy. The sheet of paper shall transfer its information to glass water which is to be used. Typical methods from this spectrum are the Harmopathy, New Homoeopathy after Erich Körbler, Seghal method, Herscue method, process-oriented homoeopathy, quantum logical homoeopathy, creative homoeopathy, impulse homoeopathy, the Similis cards, Silent Healing or the Sankaran method (also called "Bombay method" or "systematic homoeopathy"). The tele-homoeopathy is one variant of the homoeopathy of which her inventor claims that this works as a remote treatment over the Internet (e-mail or Skype) or via telephone.<br />
*The homoeosiniatry is a method to unite the elements of the homoeopathy and the traditional Chinese medicine. Both acupuncture and homoeopathic remedies come to the applications.<br />
*Digital homoeopathy as an alternative expression for the Holopathy.<br />
*[[Banerji protocol]] - Method<br />
*C4-Homoeopathy<br />
*"resonance-healing" after Peter Chappell<br />
<br />
The electrohomoeopathy has to do little apart from the named similarity with the homoeopathy and refers to a variant of the Spagyric. Also certain equipment operated electrically for the diagnostics or therapy is taken to connection by its inventors and suppliers with the homoeopathy or refers to it. To be called exemplary have here for Cem Tech, transmaterial catalyst or Wave transfer.<br />
<br />
After the living beings to be treated you distinguish between the homoeopathy for well-being purposes with man as well as the animal homoeopathy and plant homoeopathy. The plant homoeopathy is an expression for methods wherewith the help of homoeopathic products the plant growth shall be influenced. (Example: Product Biplantol.) <br />
<br />
==Hering's law of cure==<br />
A so-called Hering's law of cure goes back on a suggestion of the Hahnemann supporter Constantin Hering from Saxony in the 19th century. Herring believed that a recovery is carried out, if it goes to an extinction of symptoms in the following directions:<br />
<br />
*from inside to the outside<br />
*from above to below<br />
*of now too earlier<br />
<br />
==Being missing the scientific basis==<br />
After about 200 years of research of homoeopaths and non-homoeopaths no scientific proof of an effect of the homoeopathy going beyond the placebo effect has been confessed and it is also regarded as a disproven hypothesis today. After today's level of knowledge homoeopathy has to be equated with a placebo therapy, what does not have to be said, though, that it is completely ineffective. One can indeed, particularly with charismatic therapists and corresponding therapeutical ritual, assume that it can achieve an effect on corresponding patients opposite to a non-treatment (that is the idleness). Dangers result from the homoeopathy from the fact that homoeopaths and patients overestimate the placebo effects of the homoeopathy and refrain from reproducibly effective treatments with an effectiveness proof which goes beyond the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
What speaks against homoeopathy are the missing effectiveness proofs, the pseudo-scientific dogmatic character of the homoeopathy schools (which are actually orthodox medical practitioners), the completely missing prevention of the illness as well as inner contradictions like the not reproducible cinchona experiment to which Hahnemann alternatively refers. Homoeopaths don't like to say how long a therapy shall be carried out. From the chemical scientific point of view the method of potentization (which is in reality a dilution under certain circumstances) cannot be brought with the reality into harmony.<br />
<br />
As an argument for the homoeopathy the lack of side effects is often mentioned. The argument is, that hardly side effects have to be expected at a strong potentization (dilution). This argument contradicts, however, the assumption that potentization would make the effect of the substances grow and is therefore a contradiction in terms. The claim to strengthen the self-healing ability of man is often named as an argument for the homoeopathy, too. The supporters remain the proof of it, however, guiltily.<br />
<br />
Contrary to frequently common views around an integral treatment in the context of the homoeopathy it is to consider this alternative medicine as a symptom based therapy form which is based exclusively on described and observable symptoms of the patient. The aetiology of illnesses (cause study) gets largely hidden.<br />
<br />
Hahnemann and modern homoeopaths orientate themselves at healing laws of which the idea also is part that homoeopathic therapies treat people from inside to the outside and beginningly with the latest symptom. In turn such ideas do not have any basis in any models of biology or illness.<br />
<br />
The medical faculty of the University of Marburg declared the homoeopathy as false doctrine in the medical news of March 3rd, 1993: It's active principle is deception of the patient, strengthened by the self-deception of the therapist.<br />
<br />
==Pseudo-scientific explanation approaches==<br />
The homoeopathy is not plausible from the scientific view: It contradicts the logic, the laws of nature and medical knowledge of the past and presence. High potencies after D 23 or C 12 do not contain any molecule of the raw material. How shall drops which only consist of solvents operate? There is no water memory which could take "information".<br />
<br />
It is not meaningful in the scientific medicine to explain the operation of methods which can not provide the slightest effectiveness proof. The question about the active principle of the homoeopathy is completely senseless as long as there are no indications that homoeopathy develops an effect at all. All attempts at explanation of the homoeopathy are not founded therefore scientifically and will be able to do as classified pseudo-scientifically.<br />
<br />
This, however, does not stop homoeopaths from thinking up working mechanisms to the homoeopathy and publishing these. The span width reaches the pseudo-scientific re-interpretation of quantum mechanical and atom physical knowledge (see of animistic ideas of spirit animated matter in which the potentization releases the positive spirits (also vibrations) of the substances: Quantum mysticism.<br />
<br />
The water memory, which Jacques Benveniste thought to have found, is often quoted as evidence. It is clear at the latest since 1995 that Benvenistes results are not comprehensible. It is nevertheless claimed furthermore that high potencies would contain information, although neither one can find information carriers nor a code is conceivable. So it is not surprising that the last "evidence" which is celebrated as a breakthrough proved also wrong and intolerable with rat intestines at the university Leipzig. An extensive appreciation of this pseudo research at the university Leipzig is found here: [4]. Whatever information the structure of the water contains in the conception of the supporters, it would have to be transferred also to the sugar pills on which the drop of the homoeopathic water is laid on. The memory of the water would have to "survive" in a way the ingestion and absorption through the gastrointestinal system in the body and the transport by the blood up to the tissue. Biologists have neither found a "water memory" nor discovered homoeopathic signals or receptors, still something which could plausibly serve as a receptor for water structures.<br />
<br />
Today's homoeopaths often retire on the quantum mechanics to explain the alleged effect of homoeopathic remedies. However, quantum effects are from importance only at a subatomic and perhaps still atomic level. They are not relevant for the macroscopic world or biological systems like viruses, single cells or upward. <br />
<br />
The fact that also diluted water is offered as a homoeopathic remedy (1 gram of a diluted water costs about 1 pound, see illustration on the right) makes the concept just as doubtfully as the assertions of some homoeopaths that an effect would start out from remedies carried under the pillow or at the body.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and medical ethic==<br />
Besides the dangers of a refrained or delayed effective therapy in favour of the application of homoeopathic remedies, also other ethical questions arise. The prescription of homoeopathic remedies as a placebo can have only a sense if the therapist does not inform the patient about the actual placebo character of these remedies, and withholds the fact from him that (at least in the high-potentized remedies) no working molecule is contained. It is a disdain of ethical principles not to inform the patient about the real character of a therapy and undermines also the relation to the patient which is based on confidence.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and malaria prophylaxis and anti tick globules==<br />
In Germany it is to be observed again and again that homoeopaths use the remedy malaria 2000 (or another remedy) to a so-called malaria prophylaxis for patients who intend to travel to a country in which the malaria is endemic. Regularly malaria patients have to be treated who indicate to have prepared in such a way in front of malaria and were infected nevertheless. It came to at least one death of a patient after a malaria 2000 prophylaxis. The Bavarian broadcast quotes the tropics institute in Munich on his web pages, there therefore were several deaths with people who had relied on a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis. The drug commissions of the pharmacists and the German medical association took position with publications and clear warnings against such a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis: The drug commission of the pharmacists has warned of a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis in the pharmaceutical newspaper already on March 19th, 1998. It is put straight that malaria represents a serious and partly life-threatening illness and "is not to be confronted with non-specific homoeopathic remedies of which one hopes for an increased immunity of the body against malaria pathogenes. Such malfunctioned “prophylaxis” cases are literature-well-informed". You warn therefore urgently to hand in homoeopathic means to the malaria prophylaxis. It is urgently advised against to hand in homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis. The drug commission of the German medical association warn even more considerably and more sharply in the German medical news 95 of June 19th, 1998. The drug commission took reference to a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis offered by a company. Literal: "Set up doctors who order patients a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis have to expect profession legal and criminal consequences. The malaria is a serious and perhaps life-threatening illness, because of the acute endangering of the patients who perhaps rely on their homoeopathic remedy, the drug commission of the German medical association sees at the prescription of such homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis a violation of the professional duties of the doctor and disadvises urgently, for the safety of the patients, from a prescription of such remedies. On the other hand the illness prophylaxis is controversial within the homoeopathy scene, because no homoeopathic remedies can be found without recognizable symptoms. Also in England such malaria prophylaxes had been confessed and the English state NHS therefore suspended the payments to homoeopathic facilities as of 2008.<br />
<br />
Also so-called anti ticks globules are similarly critical to prevent a Lyme disease illness on a natural way, how a pharmacy in Arnsberg secretly means. To this this pharmacy has developed a special mixture with a homoeopathic manufacturer which contains nosodes, which shall represent a homoeopathic vaccination. It particularly is referred to the Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE),which is transferred by ticks, and the Lyme disease. The anti ticks globules shall contain in addition also Ledum palustre (Marsh Labrador tea), what is supposed to change the body odour of one's own according to a protection.<br />
<br />
The application of Spenglersan Kolloid M-remedies for the the malaria prophylaxis could not prevent documented a malaria, Swedish doctors published case reports and a warning to this. <br />
<br />
The World Health Organization WHO has explicitly warned 2009 of the homoeopathy as a treatment option at malaria, HIV infection, tuberculosis, influenza and diarrhoeas in the childhood.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathic Antidots==<br />
Supporters of the homoeopathy are afraid of apparently unwanted effects of the own therapies, particularly as too intensive first worsenings after a homoeopathic medication. But this case is also provided for by so-called homoeopathic antidotes. Therefore it would be sufficient to disable the remedy causing the first worsenings by a couple of drinks of a strong coffee or by smelling to camphors (tiger balsam, Vic-vapo rup ...). According to the so-called women's magazine "FÜR SIE" (engl. for her) mobile telephones would "impair" homoeopathic remedies in their effect. At the taking of such a remedy one should set the mobile telephone aside. The electromagnetic fields of radio alarms, computers and microwaves also can impair the effect of the remedies.<br />
<br />
==History of the homoeopathy==<br />
One can grant the homoeopathy thoroughly "scientific" character in the time of the development (according to definition at that time). After all, Hahnemann proceeded empirically and checked his thesis at experiments on himself. Nowadays the gain of knowledge since this time makes the theory only seem interesting from the medicine historical view. The homoeopathy cannot be regarded as a serious medical method due to the missing effectiveness proof. At Hahnemann's times neither a clinical thermometer was invented nor the knowledge of bacteria was acquired, instead the strangest attempts to explain arised (miasma for example, pathogenic steams which raise of the ground), so that one must quite regard Hahnemann's model from historical view as reasonable. From today's view after over two centuries of enormous knowledge profit one can suspect that even Hahnemann, he would still live and have today's knowledge, would mock his apologists. So the homoeopathy was already criticized intensely over 100 years ago (see links). The similarity principle of the homoeopathy does not go back on Hahnemann, there already were analogous conceivabilities (for example in England) before.<br />
<br />
Furthermore it is remarkable that some of Hahnemanns recommendations from the Organon, such as the application of a hot terpentine to scald injuries, are not propagated broadly anymore. With injuries at which one can immediately see the success or failure of a treatment the teachings are rejected partly correctly as obsolete and unfounded. The parts of Hahemanns teachings which are also illogical and unfounded, however, are commercialized profitably at whose putting into action one can hope for the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathic doctors in Europe==<br />
5.000 doctors shall approximately have attained a qualification as homoeopath in Germany. The net newspaper says that approximately every 40th doctor has a qualification in "homoeopathy" in Germany at the moment. According to information from the ECHAMP about 2.5% of the doctors in Germany, 8.3% in Italy and in 14% Slovakia, have a qualification in "homoeopathy". On the other hand, the quota is under 0.03% in Sweden, of almost 30.000 only ten have a homoeopathic additional training for Swedish doctors, altogether. 56.000 doctors would therefore almost Europe-wide have a qualification in "homoeopathy". The so glaringly different acceptance of the homoeopathy into two industrial nations like Germany and Sweden at a comparable health status of the German and Swede shows that the homoeopathy can be renounced without problems on the one hand apparently without a relevant effect arising on the population's health and on the other hand that the popularity of the homoeopathy is rather not associated to scientific arguments or proofs of evidence, but relies more on philosophy of lives, prejudices or traditions. Convincing scientific arguments and effectiveness proofs which would speak for the application of the homoeopathy, would also have convinced Swedish physicians.<br />
<br />
==The business with homeopathics==<br />
Germany and France are the most important markets for a homoeopathic and anthroposophic-homoeopathic medicine in Europe. Almost 60% of all medicines of these therapy directions produced in Europe were, sold [27] with a Europe-wide increase of 60% between 1995 and 2005 in these two countries. In Germany there was a turnover plus of 80%, in France 300%. The Europe-wide sales volume amounts to 1.7 billion euros, about 7% of all medicine available without prescription. The revenues of the production amounted to about 930 million euros, therefrom 810 million euros for medicine in 2005. Measured against the manufacturer's prices about 268 million euros of the EU sales were allotted to Germany, on France 294 million euros. According to information from the weekly periodical of "Der Spiegel" the sales volume of the homoeopathy remedies was at 400 million euros in 2009. According to information from the federal association of the pharmaceutical industry the legal health insurance companies paid 9 million euros for homoeopathic remedies. The subsequent costs are not, however, included for ineffective homoeopathic therapies here. The costs by homoeopathic first and subsequent case histories which must be usually paid by the patients are also not comparable with these costs. The market leading enterprise in Germany is the German homoeopathy union (DHU). The group with over 400 employees has developed out of the company Schwabe set up in 1961.<br />
<br />
The most used homeopathic is Oscilococcinum C200. This remedy also is called the "20 million canard". The annual turnover for the product is 20 million dollars. The remedy is produced from duck liver, but only the liver of one single duck is used for the complete sales volume, and of this something is left: The potentization of C200 means that the ratio of liver to the solution 1 to 10 is with 400 zeros.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy is financially interesting for doctors==<br />
The payoff of "homoeopathic" benefits by doctors gets more and more attractive for these as the doctor newspaper reported already 2007. The compensation contains € 90 first case history, € 20 Repertorisation, € 20 analysis and € 45 subsequent case history. For these € 175 a set up specialist cares for 5 "conventional" patients for a whole quarter, regardless how often these appear in the practice. In principle, as a National Health patient one can take up homoeopathic performances at such illness forms "at which a cure or alleviation has to be expected by a specifical therapeutical response of potentially still available self-healing strengths".<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and controversial measles parties==<br />
2005 became known that supporters of the homoeopathy do not decline so-called measles parties generally. Quotation of a corresponding newspaper article: Homoeopathic doctors do not decline "measles parties" generally. At tradeoff of the possible side effects of a vaccination with the risks of an illness, an infection caused consciously "is worth a consideration, at an age between about three and eight years" said the Munich paediatrician Dr. Steffen Rabe.<br />
<br />
It is a result of the vaccinating campaigns that in comparison with in the past more babies and adults fall ill at measles outbreaks today. The risk of falling ill with complications, such as a brain fever, because of measles was, however, higher with this group of people up to ten times, Rabe said. "The increased measles illness frequency with babies is an immediate result of the vaccinating politics", so Rabe. The last decision on the participation of a child in a "measles party" always rests with parents in the opinion of the doctor.<br />
<br />
In the case of a measles illness the paediatrician recommends the complete renunciation of fever-reducing drugs since these possibly increase the complication risk. "The patient rather needs primarily silence and rest." In many cases, the illness has to be treated well with classic homoeopathy.<br />
<br />
==Studies on homoeopathy==<br />
===The early studies===<br />
<br />
Already to life times of Hahnemann his teaching was controversial and aroused lively discussions and the first tests with homeopathics proceeded negatively. Hahnemann's readings couldn't be confirmed in repetitions of his original „medicine tests“. The famous cinchona experiment the teaching is based on was a mistake: Although cinchona lowers the body temperature, Hahnemann felt fevers after the taking. Possibly an allergic reaction. The non-blinded "drug examinations" without switching off a possible placebo effect by comparison with a fake medication are not acceptable scientifically either.<br />
<br />
===The homoeopathy studies in the time of the National Socialism===<br />
There were further examinations to the homoeopathy in the time of the National Socialism. The regime wanted a reorientation in the health service, the "new German medicine". Moreover, the criticism of jewished orthodox medicine got pure in National Socialist circles. Drug studies were done at different homoeopathic hospitals by the Reichsgesundheitsamt (RGA) between 1936 and 1939, much of them placebo checked. Above all the reliability of earlier medicine examinations and thus also the priority of the "pharmacological picture" developing on them should be investigated. The homoeopath Hanns Rabe (1890-1959), the internist Werner Siebert (1897-1951) and the pharmacology professors Gustav Kuschinsky (1904-1992) and Richard Bonsmann belonged to the study group. At that time the doctor and homoeopath Fritz Donner (1896-1979) who was working in Berlin at the homoeopathic department of the Rudolf Virchow hospital, was involved substantially at these checks too. Extensive notes from Donner about the RGA examinations and previous studies became known as Donner report for the homoeopathy and are available today in the original in the "homoeopathy archives" of the institute for history of the medicine of the Robert Bosch foundation in Stuttgart. But nothing positive for the homoeopathy came of the government-supported examinations. Double blinded experiments were carried out with Silicea C30, for example. The result: Verum and placebo caused equal much symptoms. It was not possible for the homoeopaths present to distinguish verum and placebo. In 1938/39 clinical attempts with homeopathics were also accomplished with negative results in the Robert Koch hospital in Berlin. The homoeopath Rabe reacted with the assumption that [ ... ] homoeopathy is no pharmacotherapeutic method, as assumed till now, but a form of psychotherapy [ ... ]. Fritz Donner in a memory protocol: Truthfully one would have to answer that during the medicine examination nothing came out and that a reaction speaking for a therapeutical effect of the used medicines never has occurred in the clinical tests with a patient. Nevertheless it was announced officially that certain difficulties would have manifested themselves so that one must start newly. The war prevented however further research. Donner expressed himself more considerably later within the 1960s: He called the examination a total fiasco for the homoeopathy.</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Homeopathy&diff=2047Homeopathy2012-02-17T22:23:27Z<p>Pamela: /* Homoeopathy and malaria prophylaxis and anti tick globules */</p>
<hr />
<div>Homoeopathy is a pseudo-scientific method which is used for the treatment of nearly all illnesses. It was invented by the saxon doctor and occultist Samuel Hahnemann around the year 1800 and exists almost unchanged today. The homoeopathy relies on two general basic principles. One of them, known as the "law of similars", is "let like be cured by like." Inventor Hahnemann specified at that time that, according to the law of similars, every illness is cured by substances which cause similar symptoms when they are taken by a healthy patient. The other priciple is called potentization. The homoeopathic remedies shall work the more strongly the more they are diluted into solution according to a particular procedure. None of these two principles could be confirmed experimentally until now.<br />
<br />
Homoeopathy believers are frequently, consciously or unconsciously, overall sceptical in relation to the scientific medicine: With the (mostly irrational) fear of the "harmful chemistry" a "nocebo effect" which impairs the effect of well approved conventional methods is connected inseparably.<br />
<br />
Also see: [[Allopathy]]<br />
<br />
==Variants of homoeopathy==<br />
Different variants of the original classic homoeopathy have taken shape to Hahnemann in the course of the time. So one distinguishes low-potentizers from high-potentizers, monotherapists of polypragmatists, homoeopathic physiotherapists of anthroposophic homoeopaths, etc.<br />
<br />
*Classic homoeopathy is the form of the homoeopathy which strictly orientates itself at Samuel Hahnemann's teachings. According to Hahnemann only one single remedy at the time shall be given for all physical or intellectual illnesses. The classically working homoeopath is looking for the one of his opinion to suitable similar. The most well-known current representative is Georgos Vithoulkas.<br />
*Constitutional homoeopathy is the application of homoeopathic remedy mixtures due to an illness diagnosis. Also see: Constitutional homoeopathy<br />
*The clinical homoeopathy describes the application of homoeopathic remedies in so-called low-potencies (D1-D12) according to certain diagnoses.<br />
*Miasmatic homoeopathy describes different variants of the constitutional homoeopathy with the emphasis on the therapy of chronic illnesses under consideration of Hahneman's miasmatic theory.<br />
*Microimmunetherapy calls itself a method at which cytokines are potentized and given to sublingual. In doing so, it is posited by the suppliers that a high concentration of components of the immune system would lie under the tongue. The therapy is as of, aimed to modulate the immune system about the potentized effect of cytokines. Maurice Jenaer is regarded as a founder of the micro immune therapy. A supplier of microimmunal therapeutic agents is the enterprise Labo'Life which also has a patent on "specific nucleid acids". Details on effect and composition of the remedies are missing.<br />
*The biochemical homoeopathy refers to a homoeopathy variant at which nosodes and potentized poisons are used (Also see the Horvi-Enzyme-Therapy). The method is apparently only used by her inventress, the biochemist and non-medical practitioner Karin Lenger from Offenbach.<br />
*Newer interpretations and derivatives of the homoeopathy are in coming. Here, fluent transitions let themselves be seen towards faith-healing or an energy medicine. Representatives of this mostly refused group among classic homoeopaths, believe that they do not need to introduce the remedies into the body of the patient after case history and repertorization. Alone the spatial proximity of the remedy to the patient suffices to develop an effect. The remedies could be carried at the body or put under the pillow, for example. A glass of water also can show homoeopathic effects if it is put merely on a sheet of paper with the name of the remedy. The sheet of paper shall transfer its information to glass water which is to be used. Typical methods from this spectrum are the Harmopathy, New Homoeopathy after Erich Körbler, Seghal method, Herscue method, process-oriented homoeopathy, quantum logical homoeopathy, creative homoeopathy, impulse homoeopathy, the Similis cards, Silent Healing or the Sankaran method (also called "Bombay method" or "systematic homoeopathy"). The tele-homoeopathy is one variant of the homoeopathy of which her inventor claims that this works as a remote treatment over the Internet (e-mail or Skype) or via telephone.<br />
*The homoeosiniatry is a method to unite the elements of the homoeopathy and the traditional Chinese medicine. Both acupuncture and homoeopathic remedies come to the applications.<br />
*Digital homoeopathy as an alternative expression for the Holopathy.<br />
*[[Banerji protocol]] - Method<br />
*C4-Homoeopathy<br />
*"resonance-healing" after Peter Chappell<br />
<br />
The electrohomoeopathy has to do little apart from the named similarity with the homoeopathy and refers to a variant of the Spagyric. Also certain equipment operated electrically for the diagnostics or therapy is taken to connection by its inventors and suppliers with the homoeopathy or refers to it. To be called exemplary have here for Cem Tech, transmaterial catalyst or Wave transfer.<br />
<br />
After the living beings to be treated you distinguish between the homoeopathy for well-being purposes with man as well as the animal homoeopathy and plant homoeopathy. The plant homoeopathy is an expression for methods wherewith the help of homoeopathic products the plant growth shall be influenced. (Example: Product Biplantol.) <br />
<br />
==Hering's law of cure===<br />
A so-called Hering's law of cure goes back on a suggestion of the Hahnemann supporter Constantin Hering from Saxony in the 19th century. Herring believed that a recovery is carried out, if it goes to an extinction of symptoms in the following directions:<br />
<br />
*from inside to the outside<br />
*from above to below<br />
*of now too earlier<br />
<br />
==Being missing the scientific basis==<br />
After about 200 years of research of homoeopaths and non-homoeopaths no scientific proof of an effect of the homoeopathy going beyond the placebo effect has been confessed and it is also regarded as a disproven hypothesis today. After today's level of knowledge homoeopathy has to be equated with a placebo therapy, what does not have to be said, though, that it is completely ineffective. One can indeed, particularly with charismatic therapists and corresponding therapeutical ritual, assume that it can achieve an effect on corresponding patients opposite to a non-treatment (that is the idleness). Dangers result from the homoeopathy from the fact that homoeopaths and patients overestimate the placebo effects of the homoeopathy and refrain from reproducibly effective treatments with an effectiveness proof which goes beyond the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
What speaks against homoeopathy are the missing effectiveness proofs, the pseudo-scientific dogmatic character of the homoeopathy schools (which are actually orthodox medical practitioners), the completely missing prevention of the illness as well as inner contradictions like the not reproducible cinchona experiment to which Hahnemann alternatively refers. Homoeopaths don't like to say how long a therapy shall be carried out. From the chemical scientific point of view the method of potentization (which is in reality a dilution under certain circumstances) cannot be brought with the reality into harmony.<br />
<br />
As an argument for the homoeopathy the lack of side effects is often mentioned. The argument is, that hardly side effects have to be expected at a strong potentization (dilution). This argument contradicts, however, the assumption that potentization would make the effect of the substances grow and is therefore a contradiction in terms. The claim to strengthen the self-healing ability of man is often named as an argument for the homoeopathy, too. The supporters remain the proof of it, however, guiltily.<br />
<br />
Contrary to frequently common views around an integral treatment in the context of the homoeopathy it is to consider this alternative medicine as a symptom based therapy form which is based exclusively on described and observable symptoms of the patient. The aetiology of illnesses (cause study) gets largely hidden.<br />
<br />
Hahnemann and modern homoeopaths orientate themselves at healing laws of which the idea also is part that homoeopathic therapies treat people from inside to the outside and beginningly with the latest symptom. In turn such ideas do not have any basis in any models of biology or illness.<br />
<br />
The medical faculty of the University of Marburg declared the homoeopathy as false doctrine in the medical news of March 3rd, 1993: It's active principle is deception of the patient, strengthened by the self-deception of the therapist.<br />
<br />
==Pseudo-scientific explanation approaches==<br />
The homoeopathy is not plausible from the scientific view: It contradicts the logic, the laws of nature and medical knowledge of the past and presence. High potencies after D 23 or C 12 do not contain any molecule of the raw material. How shall drops which only consist of solvents operate? There is no water memory which could take "information".<br />
<br />
It is not meaningful in the scientific medicine to explain the operation of methods which can not provide the slightest effectiveness proof. The question about the active principle of the homoeopathy is completely senseless as long as there are no indications that homoeopathy develops an effect at all. All attempts at explanation of the homoeopathy are not founded therefore scientifically and will be able to do as classified pseudo-scientifically.<br />
<br />
This, however, does not stop homoeopaths from thinking up working mechanisms to the homoeopathy and publishing these. The span width reaches the pseudo-scientific re-interpretation of quantum mechanical and atom physical knowledge (see of animistic ideas of spirit animated matter in which the potentization releases the positive spirits (also vibrations) of the substances: Quantum mysticism.<br />
<br />
The water memory, which Jacques Benveniste thought to have found, is often quoted as evidence. It is clear at the latest since 1995 that Benvenistes results are not comprehensible. It is nevertheless claimed furthermore that high potencies would contain information, although neither one can find information carriers nor a code is conceivable. So it is not surprising that the last "evidence" which is celebrated as a breakthrough proved also wrong and intolerable with rat intestines at the university Leipzig. An extensive appreciation of this pseudo research at the university Leipzig is found here: [4]. Whatever information the structure of the water contains in the conception of the supporters, it would have to be transferred also to the sugar pills on which the drop of the homoeopathic water is laid on. The memory of the water would have to "survive" in a way the ingestion and absorption through the gastrointestinal system in the body and the transport by the blood up to the tissue. Biologists have neither found a "water memory" nor discovered homoeopathic signals or receptors, still something which could plausibly serve as a receptor for water structures.<br />
<br />
Today's homoeopaths often retire on the quantum mechanics to explain the alleged effect of homoeopathic remedies. However, quantum effects are from importance only at a subatomic and perhaps still atomic level. They are not relevant for the macroscopic world or biological systems like viruses, single cells or upward. <br />
<br />
The fact that also diluted water is offered as a homoeopathic remedy (1 gram of a diluted water costs about 1 pound, see illustration on the right) makes the concept just as doubtfully as the assertions of some homoeopaths that an effect would start out from remedies carried under the pillow or at the body.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and medical ethic==<br />
Besides the dangers of a refrained or delayed effective therapy in favour of the application of homoeopathic remedies, also other ethical questions arise. The prescription of homoeopathic remedies as a placebo can have only a sense if the therapist does not inform the patient about the actual placebo character of these remedies, and withholds the fact from him that (at least in the high-potentized remedies) no working molecule is contained. It is a disdain of ethical principles not to inform the patient about the real character of a therapy and undermines also the relation to the patient which is based on confidence.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and malaria prophylaxis and anti tick globules==<br />
In Germany it is to be observed again and again that homoeopaths use the remedy malaria 2000 (or another remedy) to a so-called malaria prophylaxis for patients who intend to travel to a country in which the malaria is endemic. Regularly malaria patients have to be treated who indicate to have prepared in such a way in front of malaria and were infected nevertheless. It came to at least one death of a patient after a malaria 2000 prophylaxis. The Bavarian broadcast quotes the tropics institute in Munich on his web pages, there therefore were several deaths with people who had relied on a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis. The drug commissions of the pharmacists and the German medical association took position with publications and clear warnings against such a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis: The drug commission of the pharmacists has warned of a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis in the pharmaceutical newspaper already on March 19th, 1998. It is put straight that malaria represents a serious and partly life-threatening illness and "is not to be confronted with non-specific homoeopathic remedies of which one hopes for an increased immunity of the body against malaria pathogenes. Such malfunctioned “prophylaxis” cases are literature-well-informed". You warn therefore urgently to hand in homoeopathic means to the malaria prophylaxis. It is urgently advised against to hand in homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis. The drug commission of the German medical association warn even more considerably and more sharply in the German medical news 95 of June 19th, 1998. The drug commission took reference to a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis offered by a company. Literal: "Set up doctors who order patients a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis have to expect profession legal and criminal consequences. The malaria is a serious and perhaps life-threatening illness, because of the acute endangering of the patients who perhaps rely on their homoeopathic remedy, the drug commission of the German medical association sees at the prescription of such homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis a violation of the professional duties of the doctor and disadvises urgently, for the safety of the patients, from a prescription of such remedies. On the other hand the illness prophylaxis is controversial within the homoeopathy scene, because no homoeopathic remedies can be found without recognizable symptoms. Also in England such malaria prophylaxes had been confessed and the English state NHS therefore suspended the payments to homoeopathic facilities as of 2008.<br />
<br />
Also so-called anti ticks globules are similarly critical to prevent a Lyme disease illness on a natural way, how a pharmacy in Arnsberg secretly means. To this this pharmacy has developed a special mixture with a homoeopathic manufacturer which contains nosodes, which shall represent a homoeopathic vaccination. It particularly is referred to the Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE),which is transferred by ticks, and the Lyme disease. The anti ticks globules shall contain in addition also Ledum palustre (Marsh Labrador tea), what is supposed to change the body odour of one's own according to a protection.<br />
<br />
The application of Spenglersan Kolloid M-remedies for the the malaria prophylaxis could not prevent documented a malaria, Swedish doctors published case reports and a warning to this. <br />
<br />
The World Health Organization WHO has explicitly warned 2009 of the homoeopathy as a treatment option at malaria, HIV infection, tuberculosis, influenza and diarrhoeas in the childhood.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathic Antidots==<br />
Supporters of the homoeopathy are afraid of apparently unwanted effects of the own therapies, particularly as too intensive first worsenings after a homoeopathic medication. But this case is also provided for by so-called homoeopathic antidotes. Therefore it would be sufficient to disable the remedy causing the first worsenings by a couple of drinks of a strong coffee or by smelling to camphors (tiger balsam, Vic-vapo rup ...). According to the so-called women's magazine "FÜR SIE" (engl. for her) mobile telephones would "impair" homoeopathic remedies in their effect. At the taking of such a remedy one should set the mobile telephone aside. The electromagnetic fields of radio alarms, computers and microwaves also can impair the effect of the remedies.<br />
<br />
==History of the homoeopathy==<br />
One can grant the homoeopathy thoroughly "scientific" character in the time of the development (according to definition at that time). After all, Hahnemann proceeded empirically and checked his thesis at experiments on himself. Nowadays the gain of knowledge since this time makes the theory only seem interesting from the medicine historical view. The homoeopathy cannot be regarded as a serious medical method due to the missing effectiveness proof. At Hahnemann's times neither a clinical thermometer was invented nor the knowledge of bacteria was acquired, instead the strangest attempts to explain arised (miasma for example, pathogenic steams which raise of the ground), so that one must quite regard Hahnemann's model from historical view as reasonable. From today's view after over two centuries of enormous knowledge profit one can suspect that even Hahnemann, he would still live and have today's knowledge, would mock his apologists. So the homoeopathy was already criticized intensely over 100 years ago (see links). The similarity principle of the homoeopathy does not go back on Hahnemann, there already were analogous conceivabilities (for example in England) before.<br />
<br />
Furthermore it is remarkable that some of Hahnemanns recommendations from the Organon, such as the application of a hot terpentine to scald injuries, are not propagated broadly anymore. With injuries at which one can immediately see the success or failure of a treatment the teachings are rejected partly correctly as obsolete and unfounded. The parts of Hahemanns teachings which are also illogical and unfounded, however, are commercialized profitably at whose putting into action one can hope for the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathic doctors in Europe==<br />
5.000 doctors shall approximately have attained a qualification as homoeopath in Germany. The net newspaper says that approximately every 40th doctor has a qualification in "homoeopathy" in Germany at the moment. According to information from the ECHAMP about 2.5% of the doctors in Germany, 8.3% in Italy and in 14% Slovakia, have a qualification in "homoeopathy". On the other hand, the quota is under 0.03% in Sweden, of almost 30.000 only ten have a homoeopathic additional training for Swedish doctors, altogether. 56.000 doctors would therefore almost Europe-wide have a qualification in "homoeopathy". The so glaringly different acceptance of the homoeopathy into two industrial nations like Germany and Sweden at a comparable health status of the German and Swede shows that the homoeopathy can be renounced without problems on the one hand apparently without a relevant effect arising on the population's health and on the other hand that the popularity of the homoeopathy is rather not associated to scientific arguments or proofs of evidence, but relies more on philosophy of lives, prejudices or traditions. Convincing scientific arguments and effectiveness proofs which would speak for the application of the homoeopathy, would also have convinced Swedish physicians.<br />
<br />
==The business with homeopathics==<br />
Germany and France are the most important markets for a homoeopathic and anthroposophic-homoeopathic medicine in Europe. Almost 60% of all medicines of these therapy directions produced in Europe were, sold [27] with a Europe-wide increase of 60% between 1995 and 2005 in these two countries. In Germany there was a turnover plus of 80%, in France 300%. The Europe-wide sales volume amounts to 1.7 billion euros, about 7% of all medicine available without prescription. The revenues of the production amounted to about 930 million euros, therefrom 810 million euros for medicine in 2005. Measured against the manufacturer's prices about 268 million euros of the EU sales were allotted to Germany, on France 294 million euros. According to information from the weekly periodical of "Der Spiegel" the sales volume of the homoeopathy remedies was at 400 million euros in 2009. According to information from the federal association of the pharmaceutical industry the legal health insurance companies paid 9 million euros for homoeopathic remedies. The subsequent costs are not, however, included for ineffective homoeopathic therapies here. The costs by homoeopathic first and subsequent case histories which must be usually paid by the patients are also not comparable with these costs. The market leading enterprise in Germany is the German homoeopathy union (DHU). The group with over 400 employees has developed out of the company Schwabe set up in 1961.<br />
<br />
The most used homeopathic is Oscilococcinum C200. This remedy also is called the "20 million canard". The annual turnover for the product is 20 million dollars. The remedy is produced from duck liver, but only the liver of one single duck is used for the complete sales volume, and of this something is left: The potentization of C200 means that the ratio of liver to the solution 1 to 10 is with 400 zeros.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy is financially interesting for doctors==<br />
The payoff of "homoeopathic" benefits by doctors gets more and more attractive for these as the doctor newspaper reported already 2007. The compensation contains € 90 first case history, € 20 Repertorisation, € 20 analysis and € 45 subsequent case history. For these € 175 a set up specialist cares for 5 "conventional" patients for a whole quarter, regardless how often these appear in the practice. In principle, as a National Health patient one can take up homoeopathic performances at such illness forms "at which a cure or alleviation has to be expected by a specifical therapeutical response of potentially still available self-healing strengths".<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and controversial measles parties==<br />
2005 became known that supporters of the homoeopathy do not decline so-called measles parties generally. Quotation of a corresponding newspaper article: Homoeopathic doctors do not decline "measles parties" generally. At tradeoff of the possible side effects of a vaccination with the risks of an illness, an infection caused consciously "is worth a consideration, at an age between about three and eight years" said the Munich paediatrician Dr. Steffen Rabe.<br />
<br />
It is a result of the vaccinating campaigns that in comparison with in the past more babies and adults fall ill at measles outbreaks today. The risk of falling ill with complications, such as a brain fever, because of measles was, however, higher with this group of people up to ten times, Rabe said. "The increased measles illness frequency with babies is an immediate result of the vaccinating politics", so Rabe. The last decision on the participation of a child in a "measles party" always rests with parents in the opinion of the doctor.<br />
<br />
In the case of a measles illness the paediatrician recommends the complete renunciation of fever-reducing drugs since these possibly increase the complication risk. "The patient rather needs primarily silence and rest." In many cases, the illness has to be treated well with classic homoeopathy.<br />
<br />
==Studies on homoeopathy==<br />
===The early studies===<br />
<br />
Already to life times of Hahnemann his teaching was controversial and aroused lively discussions and the first tests with homeopathics proceeded negatively. Hahnemann's readings couldn't be confirmed in repetitions of his original „medicine tests“. The famous cinchona experiment the teaching is based on was a mistake: Although cinchona lowers the body temperature, Hahnemann felt fevers after the taking. Possibly an allergic reaction. The non-blinded "drug examinations" without switching off a possible placebo effect by comparison with a fake medication are not acceptable scientifically either.<br />
<br />
===The homoeopathy studies in the time of the National Socialism===<br />
There were further examinations to the homoeopathy in the time of the National Socialism. The regime wanted a reorientation in the health service, the "new German medicine". Moreover, the criticism of jewished orthodox medicine got pure in National Socialist circles. Drug studies were done at different homoeopathic hospitals by the Reichsgesundheitsamt (RGA) between 1936 and 1939, much of them placebo checked. Above all the reliability of earlier medicine examinations and thus also the priority of the "pharmacological picture" developing on them should be investigated. The homoeopath Hanns Rabe (1890-1959), the internist Werner Siebert (1897-1951) and the pharmacology professors Gustav Kuschinsky (1904-1992) and Richard Bonsmann belonged to the study group. At that time the doctor and homoeopath Fritz Donner (1896-1979) who was working in Berlin at the homoeopathic department of the Rudolf Virchow hospital, was involved substantially at these checks too. Extensive notes from Donner about the RGA examinations and previous studies became known as Donner report for the homoeopathy and are available today in the original in the "homoeopathy archives" of the institute for history of the medicine of the Robert Bosch foundation in Stuttgart. But nothing positive for the homoeopathy came of the government-supported examinations. Double blinded experiments were carried out with Silicea C30, for example. The result: Verum and placebo caused equal much symptoms. It was not possible for the homoeopaths present to distinguish verum and placebo. In 1938/39 clinical attempts with homeopathics were also accomplished with negative results in the Robert Koch hospital in Berlin. The homoeopath Rabe reacted with the assumption that [ ... ] homoeopathy is no pharmacotherapeutic method, as assumed till now, but a form of psychotherapy [ ... ]. Fritz Donner in a memory protocol: Truthfully one would have to answer that during the medicine examination nothing came out and that a reaction speaking for a therapeutical effect of the used medicines never has occurred in the clinical tests with a patient. Nevertheless it was announced officially that certain difficulties would have manifested themselves so that one must start newly. The war prevented however further research. Donner expressed himself more considerably later within the 1960s: He called the examination a total fiasco for the homoeopathy.</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Homeopathy&diff=2046Homeopathy2012-02-17T22:19:08Z<p>Pamela: /* Pseudo-scientific explanation approaches */</p>
<hr />
<div>Homoeopathy is a pseudo-scientific method which is used for the treatment of nearly all illnesses. It was invented by the saxon doctor and occultist Samuel Hahnemann around the year 1800 and exists almost unchanged today. The homoeopathy relies on two general basic principles. One of them, known as the "law of similars", is "let like be cured by like." Inventor Hahnemann specified at that time that, according to the law of similars, every illness is cured by substances which cause similar symptoms when they are taken by a healthy patient. The other priciple is called potentization. The homoeopathic remedies shall work the more strongly the more they are diluted into solution according to a particular procedure. None of these two principles could be confirmed experimentally until now.<br />
<br />
Homoeopathy believers are frequently, consciously or unconsciously, overall sceptical in relation to the scientific medicine: With the (mostly irrational) fear of the "harmful chemistry" a "nocebo effect" which impairs the effect of well approved conventional methods is connected inseparably.<br />
<br />
Also see: [[Allopathy]]<br />
<br />
==Variants of homoeopathy==<br />
Different variants of the original classic homoeopathy have taken shape to Hahnemann in the course of the time. So one distinguishes low-potentizers from high-potentizers, monotherapists of polypragmatists, homoeopathic physiotherapists of anthroposophic homoeopaths, etc.<br />
<br />
*Classic homoeopathy is the form of the homoeopathy which strictly orientates itself at Samuel Hahnemann's teachings. According to Hahnemann only one single remedy at the time shall be given for all physical or intellectual illnesses. The classically working homoeopath is looking for the one of his opinion to suitable similar. The most well-known current representative is Georgos Vithoulkas.<br />
*Constitutional homoeopathy is the application of homoeopathic remedy mixtures due to an illness diagnosis. Also see: Constitutional homoeopathy<br />
*The clinical homoeopathy describes the application of homoeopathic remedies in so-called low-potencies (D1-D12) according to certain diagnoses.<br />
*Miasmatic homoeopathy describes different variants of the constitutional homoeopathy with the emphasis on the therapy of chronic illnesses under consideration of Hahneman's miasmatic theory.<br />
*Microimmunetherapy calls itself a method at which cytokines are potentized and given to sublingual. In doing so, it is posited by the suppliers that a high concentration of components of the immune system would lie under the tongue. The therapy is as of, aimed to modulate the immune system about the potentized effect of cytokines. Maurice Jenaer is regarded as a founder of the micro immune therapy. A supplier of microimmunal therapeutic agents is the enterprise Labo'Life which also has a patent on "specific nucleid acids". Details on effect and composition of the remedies are missing.<br />
*The biochemical homoeopathy refers to a homoeopathy variant at which nosodes and potentized poisons are used (Also see the Horvi-Enzyme-Therapy). The method is apparently only used by her inventress, the biochemist and non-medical practitioner Karin Lenger from Offenbach.<br />
*Newer interpretations and derivatives of the homoeopathy are in coming. Here, fluent transitions let themselves be seen towards faith-healing or an energy medicine. Representatives of this mostly refused group among classic homoeopaths, believe that they do not need to introduce the remedies into the body of the patient after case history and repertorization. Alone the spatial proximity of the remedy to the patient suffices to develop an effect. The remedies could be carried at the body or put under the pillow, for example. A glass of water also can show homoeopathic effects if it is put merely on a sheet of paper with the name of the remedy. The sheet of paper shall transfer its information to glass water which is to be used. Typical methods from this spectrum are the Harmopathy, New Homoeopathy after Erich Körbler, Seghal method, Herscue method, process-oriented homoeopathy, quantum logical homoeopathy, creative homoeopathy, impulse homoeopathy, the Similis cards, Silent Healing or the Sankaran method (also called "Bombay method" or "systematic homoeopathy"). The tele-homoeopathy is one variant of the homoeopathy of which her inventor claims that this works as a remote treatment over the Internet (e-mail or Skype) or via telephone.<br />
*The homoeosiniatry is a method to unite the elements of the homoeopathy and the traditional Chinese medicine. Both acupuncture and homoeopathic remedies come to the applications.<br />
*Digital homoeopathy as an alternative expression for the Holopathy.<br />
*[[Banerji protocol]] - Method<br />
*C4-Homoeopathy<br />
*"resonance-healing" after Peter Chappell<br />
<br />
The electrohomoeopathy has to do little apart from the named similarity with the homoeopathy and refers to a variant of the Spagyric. Also certain equipment operated electrically for the diagnostics or therapy is taken to connection by its inventors and suppliers with the homoeopathy or refers to it. To be called exemplary have here for Cem Tech, transmaterial catalyst or Wave transfer.<br />
<br />
After the living beings to be treated you distinguish between the homoeopathy for well-being purposes with man as well as the animal homoeopathy and plant homoeopathy. The plant homoeopathy is an expression for methods wherewith the help of homoeopathic products the plant growth shall be influenced. (Example: Product Biplantol.) <br />
<br />
==Hering's law of cure===<br />
A so-called Hering's law of cure goes back on a suggestion of the Hahnemann supporter Constantin Hering from Saxony in the 19th century. Herring believed that a recovery is carried out, if it goes to an extinction of symptoms in the following directions:<br />
<br />
*from inside to the outside<br />
*from above to below<br />
*of now too earlier<br />
<br />
==Being missing the scientific basis==<br />
After about 200 years of research of homoeopaths and non-homoeopaths no scientific proof of an effect of the homoeopathy going beyond the placebo effect has been confessed and it is also regarded as a disproven hypothesis today. After today's level of knowledge homoeopathy has to be equated with a placebo therapy, what does not have to be said, though, that it is completely ineffective. One can indeed, particularly with charismatic therapists and corresponding therapeutical ritual, assume that it can achieve an effect on corresponding patients opposite to a non-treatment (that is the idleness). Dangers result from the homoeopathy from the fact that homoeopaths and patients overestimate the placebo effects of the homoeopathy and refrain from reproducibly effective treatments with an effectiveness proof which goes beyond the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
What speaks against homoeopathy are the missing effectiveness proofs, the pseudo-scientific dogmatic character of the homoeopathy schools (which are actually orthodox medical practitioners), the completely missing prevention of the illness as well as inner contradictions like the not reproducible cinchona experiment to which Hahnemann alternatively refers. Homoeopaths don't like to say how long a therapy shall be carried out. From the chemical scientific point of view the method of potentization (which is in reality a dilution under certain circumstances) cannot be brought with the reality into harmony.<br />
<br />
As an argument for the homoeopathy the lack of side effects is often mentioned. The argument is, that hardly side effects have to be expected at a strong potentization (dilution). This argument contradicts, however, the assumption that potentization would make the effect of the substances grow and is therefore a contradiction in terms. The claim to strengthen the self-healing ability of man is often named as an argument for the homoeopathy, too. The supporters remain the proof of it, however, guiltily.<br />
<br />
Contrary to frequently common views around an integral treatment in the context of the homoeopathy it is to consider this alternative medicine as a symptom based therapy form which is based exclusively on described and observable symptoms of the patient. The aetiology of illnesses (cause study) gets largely hidden.<br />
<br />
Hahnemann and modern homoeopaths orientate themselves at healing laws of which the idea also is part that homoeopathic therapies treat people from inside to the outside and beginningly with the latest symptom. In turn such ideas do not have any basis in any models of biology or illness.<br />
<br />
The medical faculty of the University of Marburg declared the homoeopathy as false doctrine in the medical news of March 3rd, 1993: It's active principle is deception of the patient, strengthened by the self-deception of the therapist.<br />
<br />
==Pseudo-scientific explanation approaches==<br />
The homoeopathy is not plausible from the scientific view: It contradicts the logic, the laws of nature and medical knowledge of the past and presence. High potencies after D 23 or C 12 do not contain any molecule of the raw material. How shall drops which only consist of solvents operate? There is no water memory which could take "information".<br />
<br />
It is not meaningful in the scientific medicine to explain the operation of methods which can not provide the slightest effectiveness proof. The question about the active principle of the homoeopathy is completely senseless as long as there are no indications that homoeopathy develops an effect at all. All attempts at explanation of the homoeopathy are not founded therefore scientifically and will be able to do as classified pseudo-scientifically.<br />
<br />
This, however, does not stop homoeopaths from thinking up working mechanisms to the homoeopathy and publishing these. The span width reaches the pseudo-scientific re-interpretation of quantum mechanical and atom physical knowledge (see of animistic ideas of spirit animated matter in which the potentization releases the positive spirits (also vibrations) of the substances: Quantum mysticism.<br />
<br />
The water memory, which Jacques Benveniste thought to have found, is often quoted as evidence. It is clear at the latest since 1995 that Benvenistes results are not comprehensible. It is nevertheless claimed furthermore that high potencies would contain information, although neither one can find information carriers nor a code is conceivable. So it is not surprising that the last "evidence" which is celebrated as a breakthrough proved also wrong and intolerable with rat intestines at the university Leipzig. An extensive appreciation of this pseudo research at the university Leipzig is found here: [4]. Whatever information the structure of the water contains in the conception of the supporters, it would have to be transferred also to the sugar pills on which the drop of the homoeopathic water is laid on. The memory of the water would have to "survive" in a way the ingestion and absorption through the gastrointestinal system in the body and the transport by the blood up to the tissue. Biologists have neither found a "water memory" nor discovered homoeopathic signals or receptors, still something which could plausibly serve as a receptor for water structures.<br />
<br />
Today's homoeopaths often retire on the quantum mechanics to explain the alleged effect of homoeopathic remedies. However, quantum effects are from importance only at a subatomic and perhaps still atomic level. They are not relevant for the macroscopic world or biological systems like viruses, single cells or upward. <br />
<br />
The fact that also diluted water is offered as a homoeopathic remedy (1 gram of a diluted water costs about 1 pound, see illustration on the right) makes the concept just as doubtfully as the assertions of some homoeopaths that an effect would start out from remedies carried under the pillow or at the body.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and medical ethic==<br />
Besides the dangers of a refrained or delayed effective therapy in favour of the application of homoeopathic remedies, also other ethical questions arise. The prescription of homoeopathic remedies as a placebo can have only a sense if the therapist does not inform the patient about the actual placebo character of these remedies, and withholds the fact from him that (at least in the high-potentized remedies) no working molecule is contained. It is a disdain of ethical principles not to inform the patient about the real character of a therapy and undermines also the relation to the patient which is based on confidence.<br />
<br />
==Homoeopathy and malaria prophylaxis and anti tick globules==<br />
In Germany it is to be observed again and again that homoeopaths use the remedy malaria 2000 (or another remedy) to a so-called malaria prophylaxis for patients who intend to travel to a country in which the malaria is endemic. Regularly malaria patients have to be treated who indicate to have prepared in such a way in front of malaria and were infected nevertheless. It came to at least one death of a patient after a malaria 2000 prophylaxis. The Bavarian broadcast quotes the tropics institute in Munich on his web pages, there therefore were several deaths with people who had relied on a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis. The drug commissions of the pharmacists and the German medical association took position with publications and clear warnings against such a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis: The drug commission of the pharmacists has warned of a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis in the pharmaceutical newspaper already on March 19th, 1998. It is put straight that malaria represents a serious and partly life-threatening illness and "is not to be confronted with non-specific homoeopathic remedies of which one hopes for an increased immunity of the body against malaria pathogenes. Such malfunctioned “prophylaxis” cases are literature-well-informed". You warn therefore urgently to hand in homoeopathic means to the malaria prophylaxis. It is urgently advised against to hand in homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis. The drug commission of the German medical association warn even more considerably and more sharply in the German medical news 95 of June 19th, 1998. The drug commission took reference to a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis offered by a company. Literal: "Set up doctors who order patients a homoeopathic malaria prophylaxis have to expect profession legal and criminal consequences. The malaria is a serious and perhaps life-threatening illness, because of the acute endangering of the patients who perhaps rely on their homoeopathic remedy, the drug commission of the German medical association sees at the prescription of such homoeopathic remedies to the malaria prophylaxis a violation of the professional duties of the doctor and disadvises urgently, for the safety of the patients, from a prescription of such remedies. On the other hand the illness prophylaxis is controversial within the homoeopathy scene, because no homoeopathic remedies can be found without recognizable symptoms. Also in England such malaria prophylaxes had been confessed and the English state NHS therefore suspended the payments to homoeopathic facilities as of 2008.<br />
<br />
Also so-called anti ticks globules are similarly critical to prevent a Lyme disease illness on a natural way, how a pharmacy in Arnsberg secretly means. To this this pharmacy has developed a special mixture with a homoeopathic manufacturer which contains nosodes, which shall represent a homoeopathic vaccination. It particularly is referred to the Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE),which is transferred by ticks, and the Lyme disease. The anti ticks globules shall contain in addition also Ledum palustre (Marsh Labrador tea), what is supposed to change the body odour of one's own according to a protection.<br />
<br />
The application of Spenglersan Kolloid M-remedies for the the malaria prophylaxis could not prevent documented a malaria, Swedish doctors published case reports and a warning to this. <br />
<br />
The World Health Organization WHO has explicitly warned 2009 of the homoeopathy as a treatment option at malaria, HIV infection, tuberculosis, influenza and diarrhoeas in the childhood.</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Homeopathy&diff=2045Homeopathy2012-02-17T22:16:50Z<p>Pamela: Created page with 'Homoeopathy is a pseudo-scientific method which is used for the treatment of nearly all illnesses. It was invented by the saxon doctor and occultist Samuel Hahnemann around the y…'</p>
<hr />
<div>Homoeopathy is a pseudo-scientific method which is used for the treatment of nearly all illnesses. It was invented by the saxon doctor and occultist Samuel Hahnemann around the year 1800 and exists almost unchanged today. The homoeopathy relies on two general basic principles. One of them, known as the "law of similars", is "let like be cured by like." Inventor Hahnemann specified at that time that, according to the law of similars, every illness is cured by substances which cause similar symptoms when they are taken by a healthy patient. The other priciple is called potentization. The homoeopathic remedies shall work the more strongly the more they are diluted into solution according to a particular procedure. None of these two principles could be confirmed experimentally until now.<br />
<br />
Homoeopathy believers are frequently, consciously or unconsciously, overall sceptical in relation to the scientific medicine: With the (mostly irrational) fear of the "harmful chemistry" a "nocebo effect" which impairs the effect of well approved conventional methods is connected inseparably.<br />
<br />
Also see: [[Allopathy]]<br />
<br />
==Variants of homoeopathy==<br />
Different variants of the original classic homoeopathy have taken shape to Hahnemann in the course of the time. So one distinguishes low-potentizers from high-potentizers, monotherapists of polypragmatists, homoeopathic physiotherapists of anthroposophic homoeopaths, etc.<br />
<br />
*Classic homoeopathy is the form of the homoeopathy which strictly orientates itself at Samuel Hahnemann's teachings. According to Hahnemann only one single remedy at the time shall be given for all physical or intellectual illnesses. The classically working homoeopath is looking for the one of his opinion to suitable similar. The most well-known current representative is Georgos Vithoulkas.<br />
*Constitutional homoeopathy is the application of homoeopathic remedy mixtures due to an illness diagnosis. Also see: Constitutional homoeopathy<br />
*The clinical homoeopathy describes the application of homoeopathic remedies in so-called low-potencies (D1-D12) according to certain diagnoses.<br />
*Miasmatic homoeopathy describes different variants of the constitutional homoeopathy with the emphasis on the therapy of chronic illnesses under consideration of Hahneman's miasmatic theory.<br />
*Microimmunetherapy calls itself a method at which cytokines are potentized and given to sublingual. In doing so, it is posited by the suppliers that a high concentration of components of the immune system would lie under the tongue. The therapy is as of, aimed to modulate the immune system about the potentized effect of cytokines. Maurice Jenaer is regarded as a founder of the micro immune therapy. A supplier of microimmunal therapeutic agents is the enterprise Labo'Life which also has a patent on "specific nucleid acids". Details on effect and composition of the remedies are missing.<br />
*The biochemical homoeopathy refers to a homoeopathy variant at which nosodes and potentized poisons are used (Also see the Horvi-Enzyme-Therapy). The method is apparently only used by her inventress, the biochemist and non-medical practitioner Karin Lenger from Offenbach.<br />
*Newer interpretations and derivatives of the homoeopathy are in coming. Here, fluent transitions let themselves be seen towards faith-healing or an energy medicine. Representatives of this mostly refused group among classic homoeopaths, believe that they do not need to introduce the remedies into the body of the patient after case history and repertorization. Alone the spatial proximity of the remedy to the patient suffices to develop an effect. The remedies could be carried at the body or put under the pillow, for example. A glass of water also can show homoeopathic effects if it is put merely on a sheet of paper with the name of the remedy. The sheet of paper shall transfer its information to glass water which is to be used. Typical methods from this spectrum are the Harmopathy, New Homoeopathy after Erich Körbler, Seghal method, Herscue method, process-oriented homoeopathy, quantum logical homoeopathy, creative homoeopathy, impulse homoeopathy, the Similis cards, Silent Healing or the Sankaran method (also called "Bombay method" or "systematic homoeopathy"). The tele-homoeopathy is one variant of the homoeopathy of which her inventor claims that this works as a remote treatment over the Internet (e-mail or Skype) or via telephone.<br />
*The homoeosiniatry is a method to unite the elements of the homoeopathy and the traditional Chinese medicine. Both acupuncture and homoeopathic remedies come to the applications.<br />
*Digital homoeopathy as an alternative expression for the Holopathy.<br />
*[[Banerji protocol]] - Method<br />
*C4-Homoeopathy<br />
*"resonance-healing" after Peter Chappell<br />
<br />
The electrohomoeopathy has to do little apart from the named similarity with the homoeopathy and refers to a variant of the Spagyric. Also certain equipment operated electrically for the diagnostics or therapy is taken to connection by its inventors and suppliers with the homoeopathy or refers to it. To be called exemplary have here for Cem Tech, transmaterial catalyst or Wave transfer.<br />
<br />
After the living beings to be treated you distinguish between the homoeopathy for well-being purposes with man as well as the animal homoeopathy and plant homoeopathy. The plant homoeopathy is an expression for methods wherewith the help of homoeopathic products the plant growth shall be influenced. (Example: Product Biplantol.) <br />
<br />
==Hering's law of cure===<br />
A so-called Hering's law of cure goes back on a suggestion of the Hahnemann supporter Constantin Hering from Saxony in the 19th century. Herring believed that a recovery is carried out, if it goes to an extinction of symptoms in the following directions:<br />
<br />
*from inside to the outside<br />
*from above to below<br />
*of now too earlier<br />
<br />
==Being missing the scientific basis==<br />
After about 200 years of research of homoeopaths and non-homoeopaths no scientific proof of an effect of the homoeopathy going beyond the placebo effect has been confessed and it is also regarded as a disproven hypothesis today. After today's level of knowledge homoeopathy has to be equated with a placebo therapy, what does not have to be said, though, that it is completely ineffective. One can indeed, particularly with charismatic therapists and corresponding therapeutical ritual, assume that it can achieve an effect on corresponding patients opposite to a non-treatment (that is the idleness). Dangers result from the homoeopathy from the fact that homoeopaths and patients overestimate the placebo effects of the homoeopathy and refrain from reproducibly effective treatments with an effectiveness proof which goes beyond the placebo effect.<br />
<br />
What speaks against homoeopathy are the missing effectiveness proofs, the pseudo-scientific dogmatic character of the homoeopathy schools (which are actually orthodox medical practitioners), the completely missing prevention of the illness as well as inner contradictions like the not reproducible cinchona experiment to which Hahnemann alternatively refers. Homoeopaths don't like to say how long a therapy shall be carried out. From the chemical scientific point of view the method of potentization (which is in reality a dilution under certain circumstances) cannot be brought with the reality into harmony.<br />
<br />
As an argument for the homoeopathy the lack of side effects is often mentioned. The argument is, that hardly side effects have to be expected at a strong potentization (dilution). This argument contradicts, however, the assumption that potentization would make the effect of the substances grow and is therefore a contradiction in terms. The claim to strengthen the self-healing ability of man is often named as an argument for the homoeopathy, too. The supporters remain the proof of it, however, guiltily.<br />
<br />
Contrary to frequently common views around an integral treatment in the context of the homoeopathy it is to consider this alternative medicine as a symptom based therapy form which is based exclusively on described and observable symptoms of the patient. The aetiology of illnesses (cause study) gets largely hidden.<br />
<br />
Hahnemann and modern homoeopaths orientate themselves at healing laws of which the idea also is part that homoeopathic therapies treat people from inside to the outside and beginningly with the latest symptom. In turn such ideas do not have any basis in any models of biology or illness.<br />
<br />
The medical faculty of the University of Marburg declared the homoeopathy as false doctrine in the medical news of March 3rd, 1993: It's active principle is deception of the patient, strengthened by the self-deception of the therapist.<br />
<br />
==Pseudo-scientific explanation approaches==<br />
The homoeopathy is not plausible from the scientific view: It contradicts the logic, the laws of nature and medical knowledge of the past and presence. High potencies after D 23 or C 12 do not contain any molecule of the raw material. How shall drops which only consist of solvents operate? There is no water memory which could take "information".<br />
<br />
It is not meaningful in the scientific medicine to explain the operation of methods which can not provide the slightest effectiveness proof. The question about the active principle of the homoeopathy is completely senseless as long as there are no indications that homoeopathy develops an effect at all. All attempts at explanation of the homoeopathy are not founded therefore scientifically and will be able to do as classified pseudo-scientifically.<br />
<br />
This, however, does not stop homoeopaths from thinking up working mechanisms to the homoeopathy and publishing these. The span width reaches the pseudo-scientific re-interpretation of quantum mechanical and atom physical knowledge (see of animistic ideas of spirit animated matter in which the potentization releases the positive spirits (also vibrations) of the substances: Quantum mysticism.<br />
<br />
The water memory, which Jacques Benveniste thought to have found, is often quoted as evidence. It is clear at the latest since 1995 that Benvenistes results are not comprehensible. It is nevertheless claimed furthermore that high potencies would contain information, although neither one can find information carriers nor a code is conceivable. So it is not surprising that the last "evidence" which is celebrated as a breakthrough proved also wrong and intolerable with rat intestines at the university Leipzig. An extensive appreciation of this pseudo research at the university Leipzig is found here: [4]. Whatever information the structure of the water contains in the conception of the supporters, it would have to be transferred also to the sugar pills on which the drop of the homoeopathic water is laid on. The memory of the water would have to "survive" in a way the ingestion and absorption through the gastrointestinal system in the body and the transport by the blood up to the tissue. Biologists have neither found a "water memory" nor discovered homoeopathic signals or receptors, still something which could plausibly serve as a receptor for water structures.<br />
<br />
Today's homoeopaths often retire on the quantum mechanics to explain the alleged effect of homoeopathic remedies. However, quantum effects are from importance only at a subatomic and perhaps still atomic level. They are not relevant for the macroscopic world or biological systems like viruses, single cells or upward. <br />
<br />
The fact that also diluted water is offered as a homoeopathic remedy (1 gram of a diluted water costs about 1 pound, see illustration on the right) makes the concept just as doubtfully as the assertions of some homoeopaths that an effect would start out from remedies carried under the pillow or at the body.</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Chemtrail&diff=931Chemtrail2011-02-23T09:30:01Z<p>Pamela: /* Literature */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[image:ctvor1967.jpg|Picture of a contrail in a book from 1967|left|thumb]]<br />
[[image:contrail1.jpg|Contrails during WWII|thumb]]<br />
[[image:ctww2-2.jpg|Contrails during WWII|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Ctww2-3.jpg|Picture from WWII|thumb]]<br />
'''Chemtrail''', according to a common [[Conspiracy Theory|conspiracy theory]], is the name for certain types of contrails. This [[Pseudo-Science|pseudo-scientific]] idea believes that at least part of the known contrails consist of various added substances, on whose composition, however, followers of this idea apparently cannot agree. Modified contrails allegedly show a different behaviour from regular ones. They are said to remain visible in the sky for a longer time, and to appear in a checkerboard pattern. There is no consensus among followers of the chemtrail idea regarding which airplanes spread the additives. Some believe chemtrails were caused by various different types of planes, while others believe only certain military aircraft were responsible. An extended version of this theory claims that chemtrails are able to ''dissolve'' carbon-dioxide, resulting in a local decrease in temperature due to the diminished greenhouse effect. This creates a huge depression that sucks in surrounding air, causes extreme thunderstorms, rainfalls, storms, and hail.<br />
<br />
==The History of the Word Chemtrail==<br />
[[image:stetter.jpg|G.&nbsp;Stetter|100px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Cliffordcarnicom2.jpg|Clifford Carnicom|left|thumb]]<br />
[[image:williamThomas.jpg|William Thomas|left|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Jimphelps.jpg|Jim Phelps|thumb]]<br />
The term chemtrail was coined in the US about 1998. Initially, the term "cloverleaf" was in more frequent use, but from 2000, the term contrail was used more and more on English language sites.<ref>18.07.2000 - http://www.rense.com/general2/pat.htm</ref><ref>27.07.2000 - http://www.clydelewis.com/invest/contrails/msnbc72798.html</ref><ref>22.05.2000 http://www.anomalies-unlimited.com/Chemtrails/Witness_2.html</ref> Barium and aluminum were introduced into the debate around 2001.<ref>23.05.2001 - http://www.anomalies-unlimited.com/Theories.html</ref> Clifford Carnicom from Santa&nbsp;Fe/New Mexico and Canadian William Thomas from Duncan (British Columbia) are often credited as creators of chemtrail hypotheses. They are in fact the only ones who left behind well dated material. Carnicom's records begin in the summer of 1999, with the double term of Contrail/Chemtrail. Carnicom most recently presents himself on a website called CACTUS (Citizens Against Chemtrails U.S.) According to Carnicum, barium was radioactive which adds another [[Pseudo Science|pseudo-scientific]] note to his [[Conspiracy Theory|conspiracy theories]]. Journalist William Thomas first wrote about the issue in January 1999 (article in Environment News Service - ENS)<ref>1999-01-08 http://www.netowne.com/environmental/contrails/willthomas/contrails.htm</ref>, but still used the term contrails.<br />
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There are further historic documents, too, for example the well known radio chat show with Art Bell from 1999.<ref>1999-02-10 http://web.archive.org/web/20051109173010/http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Oracle/4809/reports.html</ref><ref>1999-03-09 http://web.archive.org/web/20070315131454/http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Oracle/4809/reports2.html</ref> While the first report only mentions (poisonous) contrails, the second one marks the birth of the term ''chemtrails' only one month later, albeit it is still set in quotation marks. The book "Chemtrails over America" by William Thomas was released shortly afterwards.<br />
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Another (self-proclaimed) inventor of this term is Jim Phelps. Here a quote which provides some insight into Mr.&nbsp;Phelps' mind:''These truths revealed on the use of Chemtrails will show that the US&nbsp;Govt. has long known the truth on what causes the AIDS epidemic. Chemtrails use a truncated version of the Manna effect. And AIDS is the direct result of too much fluoride in the environment that is upsetting the beneficial trace metals in the human cells and immune system. This leads to a lower level of metals, like manganese, that block the reverse transcription of HIV. This is a very important concept from the End-Times predictions of huge health plagues sweeping the planet and all very predictable from the old biblical times for those that knew the mining industries.''<ref>http://www.assatashakur.org/forum/open-forum/12258-god-chemtrails-jim-phelps.html</ref><br />
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==The abstruse conspiracy theory==<br />
[[image:testflugzeug.jpg|Rear of a test plane for simulating icing|300px|left|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Nkc135spay.jpg|The same plane in action|thumb]]<br />
Supporters of the 1990ies chemtrail hypothesis believe certain substances - which are not described in detail - were mixed with kerosene in order to create an effect on the global climate, especially on the greenhouse effect. Other conspiracy theorists believe it is part of a world wide program to reduce the global population, or for birth or even mind control. Behind these programs were, according to the chemtrail groups, the [[Freemasonry|Freemasons]], the [[Illuminati]] or an alleged Jewish conspiracy. There are often ties to extremist right groups, "brown [[esotericism]]" and supporters of [[cloudbuster]], [[colloidal silver]] and [[Zapper|zappers]] according to [[Hulda Clark]]. Typical supporters of the chemtrail hypothesis are Georg Ritschl, Werner Altnickel, Peter Platte, Helmut Gobsch, Heinz Gerhard Vogelsang, [[Don Croft]] and [[Rosalie Bertell]]. In Germany, extreme right political party NPD started an inquiry of ''chemtrails'' in the parliament of the federal state of Saxony. The issue of chemtrails is often used as a catchword by the extremist right.<br />
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These fallacious and unsupported assumptions are often promoted in the esoteric Swiss magazine "Zeitenschrift"<ref>Zeitenschrift issue 49, 2006</ref>, in "Neue Impulse Treff" network associated with [[Scientology]], and by the esoteric libertarian association "live Net Concept 2010". A popular photographic "proof" of alleged chemtrail operations can be seen in the picture on the right: A modified Boeing NKC-135A Stratotanker (717-100), serial number 17244, stationed at Edwards AFB in California.<ref>http://www.airliners.net/search/photo.search?cnsearch=17244&distinct_entry=true</ref> It sprays water to test the flight quality of planes under icing conditions. Tests are done on various kinds of planes, such as fighter jets<ref>[http://www.af.mil/shared/media/photodb/photos/040213-F-9999M-002.jpg USAF picture of icing experiment on a fighter jet]</ref> or a Embraer EMB-120RT.<ref>http://aircrafticing.grc.nasa.gov/courses/inflight_icing/resources/pdf/monroe_accident_report.pdf</ref> This particular test plane has been decommissioned meanwhile.<br />
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Chemtrail supporters frequently claim that so called low budget airlines, especially Irish Ryanair, were only able to offer flights at such low prices because their main job kept in reality was the creation of chemtrails.<br />
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==Contrails and cloud formation==<br />
[[image:Ct1905-9.jpg|Photo of clouds before 1905<ref>Clayden, Arthur W. Cloud Studies (1905) Verlag: KESSINGER PUB CO Nachdruck 2008 ISBN-13: 9780548985267 ISBN-10: 054898526X</ref>|300px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:contrail.jpg|Meteorological conditions for the creation of contrails|600px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:contrail2.jpg|thumb|600px]]<br />
Contrails (also called Ice-SuperSaturated Regions(ISSR)) are visible clouds of liquid (condensed) or frozen water droplets which form when hot exhaust streams of airplanes meet cold air under particular weather conditions. Decompression causes cooling and condensation, as can be seen when a bottle of sparkling wine is opened. "Fog" appears above the liquid. The same process plays a major role in the creation of clouds and rain in the atmosphere.<br />
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Some forms of clouds caused by planes appear without the interference of any exhaust gasses, for example ''winglet contrails'' which can be observed by flight passengers at the wing tips of planes under certain weather conditions, either shortly before landing or after take-off. Typical turbofan exhaust temperatures are at 600&nbsp;K approximately.<br />
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The formation of contrails can be explained physically: Generally, water becomes visible in the air when relative humidity (number of water droplets in relation to air temperature) exceeds 100%. The warmer the air is, the more water vapour it can hold. Modern planes travel at high altitudes where temperatures are very cold. Cold air can only hold small amounts of water. Water is created chemically when kerosene is burnt, and exits the engines as an invisible gas. The surrounding cold air rapidly cools down the hot exhaust gas, and after a few metres (depending on temperature and humidity) causes the water to crystallize, forming the contrail. The contrail remains visible until water crystals are dispersed to the point where humidity drops below 100%. In a high pressure area with low humidity this happens rather fast resp. there will be no contrail at all when temperatures are high enough in the summer, like it is often the case in southern Europe for example. In the Arctic and Antarctic, however, contrails can sometimes form even at ground level or during take-off.<br />
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Given certain weather conditions, contrails can expand, remain visible for hours, or gather more clouds to the point where it starts to rain. Supporters of the chemtrail hypothesis then claim the plane ''made'' the bad weather. In reality it is exactly the other way around: Persistent contrails indicate upcoming bad weather, because low pressure areas typically come with high humidity, and the additional water (water vapour from the exhaust gas) is more than the air can absorb, and thus it will remain visible as fog or clouds. Sometimes chemtrail supporters will wonder why "spraying" has stopped. A quick look at the weather map helps: Usually there is a stable high pressure area with low humidity. Then, as soon as a low pressure area approaches, the ''chemtrail reports'' will come in again. Generally contrails appear at temperatures below -35°C, depending on altitude and humidity.<br />
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*'''Short contrails''' form at an altitude of about 10kms, if temperatures in the tropopause (10-15&nbsp;km) are about -50°C with a humidity below 70%. Ice crystals form, but sublimate after a few seconds and become invisible.<br />
*'''Persistent contrails''' which may expand and even lead to the formation of artificial cirrus clouds will form when the tropopause reaches a humidity of between 80-100%.<ref>http://www.welt.de/print-welt/article217386/Weisse_Streifen__am_Himmel.html</ref><ref>http://naca.central.cranfield.ac.uk/reports/1942/naca-wr-l-474.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.env.leeds.ac.uk/envi1200/slides/Chapter%209.pdf</ref><br />
*'''No contrails at all''' even at high altitudes when temperatures close to the ground increase to 25°C or above in summer, and temperatures of the lower tropopause (10-12&nbsp;km) reach -40°C and above, with a humidity below 30%. This is what happens in ''chemtrail free'' southern Europe in summer. Below a humidity of 25% at 10&nbsp;kms altitude, no ice crystals will form.<br />
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During daytime, contrails will cover about 0.7% of the sky over Europe during the course of the year, at night (when contrails have an insulating effect) they will cover about 0.25%. On average they will cover about 0.5% of the sky.<br />
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When a plane flies through the not always straight and level (but wavy) border between warmer and colder air, it may appear as if contrails are turned off or on suddenly, even repeatedly in case of turbulences. Air warms quicker over large dark (tarmac) surfaces than over wet meadows, and begins to rise, forming bubbles or "chimneys" of warm air. Different thermal phenomena can exist next to each other. This results in the typical hops and bumps pilots of small airplanes experience. When contrails persist long enough, their form will get changed by winds and turbulences - just like regular clouds. Different colours are the result of differing refraction and reflection of sunlight. Chemtrail believers' sites display these aspects as unnatural and thus an evidence of chemicals. But they can actually be explained naturally, and in consistence with our knowledge of meteorology and physics, requiring no additional hypotheses or conspiracy theories.<br />
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Such pictures of clouds which, according to supporters of the chemtrail hypothesis, were evidence of sprayed chemicals, are photographically documented since well before the first powered flight of the Wright brothers, for example in the 1905 book ''Clouds studies''.<ref>Clayden aW: http://contrailscience.com/files/Cloud_Studies.pdf</ref> The first actual contrails were recorded shortly after World War&nbsp;I,<ref>http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/mwr/049/mwr-049-07-0412c.pdf</ref><ref>Everett Wells: Article in Scientific American, ”Clouds formed by Airplanes“, 7.6.1919, page 60</ref> when more powerful planes reached ever higher altitudes. The first report of a contrail is based on a flight of pilot Franz Zeno Diemer at an altitude of 9,300&nbsp;m over Munich in 1919.<br />
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==Distrails==<br />
''Inverted contrails - distrails'' is the name for the more rare breakup of clouds caused by airplanes. Water droplets vaporize faster in the hot exhaust gas, creating a cloud free trail. This can also be caused by mixing in dry air from above or under the the cloud layer.<br />
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==Alleged chemical composition of chemtrail additives according to different sources==<br />
The following substances are said to be found in chemtrails, according to followers of the idea:<br />
*Barium or barium compounds<br />
*Aluminum compounds<br />
*Titanium<br />
*Teutonium<br />
*radioactive thorium<br />
*synthetic fibers of unknown composition<br />
*Ethylene dibromide (EDB)<br />
*Mycoplasma, Pseudomonas and allegedly existing ''nanobacterias''<br />
*Vaccines against anthrax, tularemia, brucellosis, and measles in aerosol form<br />
*Pathogens, genetically modified microbes of unknown kinds<br />
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Aluminum and barium are insoluble in kerosene, but there are compounds of these elements which are. However, even small traces of these are easily detected by modern analytic methods (e.g. ICP or AAS). Furthermore neither the application of aluminum nor that of barium make sense from a chemical or physiological point of view (especially regarding the desired harm). Aluminum is covered with an oxide layer, rendering it mostly inert. Barium, on the other hand, is so reactive it cannot be used here, as it would react immediately and violently with humidity and oxygen (creating barium hydroxide). Barium sulfate is harmless physiologically and insoluble in water. It has no bioavailability, hence it is administered orally as radio-opaque substance for x-rays. Teutonium is not known as an element. Whether pathogenic germs, bacteria, spores, vaccines, etc. will remain stable under the existing conditions remains disputable.<br />
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So far none of the aforementioned substances was identified clearly in contrails or jet exhaust fumes.<br />
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Speculations by anti-vaccination activist Anita Petek-Dimmer became a source of amusement in 2005, when she proclaimed that birds' flue (caused by the H5N1 virus) was the result of ionizing radiation from chemtrails. Petek-Dimmer believed that plutonium was added to chemtrails. Furthermore she assumed: ''This radioactive radiation does not only dissolve animal cells, but also those of plants.<ref>A. Petek-Dimmer: Vogelgrippe oder Vogelwahn. Wie man mit gezielter Propaganda Angst und Hysterie erzeugt. AEGIS IMPULS Nr. 23 2005</ref><br />
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==Known releases of substances in aviation==<br />
[[image:chemtrail44.jpg|actual chemtrail|thumb]]<br />
[[image:hagelflieger.jpg|Cloud seeding equipment|left|thumb]]<br />
Cloud seeders disperse silver iodide (with acetone) specifically into thunderstorms to prevent hail. Smoke is often used in air shows, or to study wake turbulence. Water can be used for the same purpose. As part of military operations clouds can be manipulated to create rain. Such interventions are internationally regulated in the ENMOD provision of the United Nations. During the Vietnam war, ''agent orange'' was used to defoliate forests. In case of an emergency, planes are allowed to dump fuel. Contrary to contrails, smoke trails form directly at the outlet, while contrails form in a clear distance behind the engines.<br />
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==Chemtrail and weather radar==<br />
[[image:chaff2.jpg|Chaff cloud over the Netherlands|left|thumb]][[image:chaff.jpg|Radar chaff|thumb]]<br />
Supporters of the chemtrail conspiracy theory occasionally claim there were strange echoes on the weather radars of meteorological services which seem to be ''ghost clouds''. On July 19th 2005 e.g., the radar screens of German Weather Service (DWD) showed a small compact cloud formation at the North Sea coast of the Netherlands which looked like rain. Within two hours the radar showed a 300&nbsp;km long cloud strip, reaching from the East Frisian Islands down to the northern Ruhr Area. But at the same time no clouds were visible, neither from the ground nor on satellite images, nor anything that might have looked like a mass of contrails. In this case, as well as in similar ones, ''chaffs'' (''Rapid Bloom Chaff(RBC))'' had been dispersed as part of a military exercise. Chaffs are small metal threads that reflect radar waves and disturb radar<ref>http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/mensch/0,1518,445727,00.html</ref><ref>http://www.presse.uni-karlsruhe.de/6428.php</ref>. Supporters of the chemtrail idea cannot be talking about chaff. Even they do not claim a correlation between supposed chemtrail sightings and strange radar echoes.<br />
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==Logical counter arguments==<br />
A world wide secret program for creating artificial contrails coordinated by the UN, like chemtrail believers proclaim, must necessarily be kept secret by a large number of adept people who at the same time break the law. This group would also involve aircraft crews, manufacturers of technologies and means used, ground crews, and airport employees. Chemtrail Supporters like Platte even claim several pilots were fired for refusing participation in this hypothetical chemtrail project. However, not a single one of them has come forth as a whistle blower as of now.<br />
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To achieve a concentration of 1&nbsp;mg of a specific substance per square metre, one must disperse 1&nbsp;kg of that substance per square km. Europe has an area of 10.5&nbsp;million square kms, requiring 10,500&nbsp;tons of that substance for a single spraying event. A typical large aircraft, such as the Boeing KC-135, has a maximum load of 85&nbsp;tons of fuel<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_KC-135_Stratotanker</ref>. Therefore 123&nbsp;aircraft of this type were needed to get the job done, if every plane is to fly only once. The surface of the whole earth is about 510&nbsp;million square kms, and 510,000&nbsp;tons of material were needed for a single spraying, equaling 6,000&nbsp;tankers. These figures require the use of the pure substance. If the substance had to be diluted, however, (for example&nbsp;1:9) then 5,100,000&nbsp;tons of the spraying solution are required, equaling 60,000&nbsp;Phantom tankers. This is 3.2&nbsp;times the official number of jets worldwide.<br />
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Another argument against the chemtrail hypothesis is the fact that the number of foggy days in Europe has been receding since the 1970ies until today (2009). This is based on an examination of data from 342&nbsp;weather stations across Europe and was published in "Nature Geoscience" by scientists around Robert Vautard. The decrease in fog is based on advanced filtering technologies in power plants which cut back sulfur dioxide emissions. Cleaner air is clearer air. And because of that more sunlight reaches the ground.<ref>http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/abs/ngeo414.html</ref><ref>http://www.welt.de/welt_print/article3050704/Der-Nebel-ueber-Europa-zieht-langsam-ab.html</ref><br />
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==Chemtrails in Goethe's times==<br />
If one follows the arguments of chemtrail proponents there were chemtrails already in Goethe's times. On Thursday, May 20<sup>th</sup>, 1820 Goethe noted: ''Very clear sky early in the day, by and by light cirrus, around noon rare, utmost outstanding phenomena, calling me out from the narrows to a free stead. Coming from west, accompanied by a resolute southerly wind, long, tender'' '''cirrus strips''' pulled up, ''solitarily as well as combined; while heading forward the front end bended to become small clouds, slightly further down blurred white cloudlets were moving, to be absorbed by those '' '''stripes''' '', all kinds of other cirrus were in the blue sky, cirrocumulus, '' '''gridded stripes''' '', everything moving and changing. By and by the sky became clouded[...] ''.<ref>J.&nbsp;W.&nbsp;v.&nbsp;Goethe, Zur Naturwissenschaft überhaupt, Band&nbsp;1 Heft&nbsp;3,1820</ref><br />
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==Chemtrail Fakes==<br />
[[image:ctfake11.jpg|CT-Bomber Fake|400px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Peterplatte.jpg|Platte|left|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Altnickelhazmat.jpg|Enlarged detail of the fake|left|thumb]]<br />
[[image:777orig.jpg|Detail of the original picture|left|thumb]]<br />
[[image:777b.jpg|Dead-weight tanks being filled with water|thumb]]<br />
[[image:pinalairpark.jpg|Aircraft cemetery Pinal Airpark|left|250px|thumb]]<br />
There are a lot of fakes and easy to see through [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Hoax hoaxes] circulating in connection with chemtrails.<br />
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In February 2008, chemtrail-proponent and internet message board moderator [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Peter_Platte Peter Platte] published a photo of uncertain origin (supposedly from a Vietnam war veteran) showing the interior of a ''chemtrail bomber'' (The 'Vietnam veteran' refers to a ''Tim White'', a widely used reference in chemtrail circles. This ''Tim White'' is Timothy Patrick White, born on March 5<sup>th</sup>, 1947, a resident of Denver (Colorado). He is a fundamental Christian ''US patriot'', well-known proponent of confused conspiracy theories who uses several pseudonyms and was sentenced for possession of narcotics and stalking).<br />
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Platte wrote in this message board: ''[...] this is simply sensational. This photo is the dream of every ct activist. We have been waiting for this for years and it looks like there are more disclosures to come. Judging from the plane's interior measures it seems to be a Boeing KC&nbsp;767 of the US-Air Force, one of&nbsp;200. Up to now we only knew that chemicals used for spraying were filled in containers by UN inspectors at manufacturers' sites, with containers sealed and shipped to the different operating sites afterwards. Now we also know what these containers look like and how they are connected in series and linked to the elect. system for controlling. I still can hardly believe that we now have a photo that is clear evidence of how spraying is done and how the system works. A really big 'Thank you' to the former Air Force Pilot who provided the photo. Peter [...]'' Other board members added: ''[...]That's the critter from inside. One can spot words like "SPRAYER 1" and "HAZARD INSIDE". Creepy.[...] Great picture, no doubt!!''<br />
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The picture, however, was a simple fake of a copyrighted photo published on the internet.<ref>http://www.airliners.net/photo/Boeing/Boeing-777-240-LR/0855967/L/</ref> According to her own accounts, a user of the Freigeistforum (free thinker board) called ''fighthamster'' simply added fake inscriptions to two pictures of a Boeing&nbsp;777 passenger jet which, in the course of approval procedures, was equipped with measurement equipment and water containers serving as dead weight. Platte, totally uncritical and gullible, embarrassed himself because he did not even notice the regular portholes visible in the photo. The website[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=ENR ENR] expanded this wild fantasy around the bogus photo even further: The dead-weight containers (in reality adapted beer casks) on the photos were, according to user united-mutations, ''tanks'' sealed by manufacturers under supervision of UN inspectors. The planes allegedly were altered to chemtrail sprayers in a secret place called Pinal Airpark(Arizona), under supervision of the CIA, and had been in use worldwide since November 1998(with the notable exception of China). Tim White was named as the source of this amusing slipslop. A certain Ted Twietmeyer (tedtw@frontiernet.net) claimed something similar at rense.com, but at least recognized the picture as a fake. Pinal Airpark (ICAO-identifier: KMZJ; IATA: MZJ) was used by the CIA during the Vietnam war and now is an aircraft cemetery (storage space for discarded planes). Most of the planes there are from Northwest Airlines.<ref>http://www.pbase.com/bruceleibowitz/mzj</ref><br />
[[image:muennich.jpg|D.&nbsp;Münnichs invention: Cloud pictures from 1944 claimed to show Iraq war in 2003|500px|thumb]]<br />
The [[Ryke_Geerd_Hamer|Hamer]] follower [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=David_Münnich David Münnich] is another source of forged pictures. He was born in 1982, lives in Saarbrücken and works as a web designer. He is to be credited that photos taken during the Ardennes Offensive in 1944 are presented as taken in Iraq war in 2003.<br>This demonstrates the shortcomings of arguing without giving verifiable sources.<br><br><br />
[[image:Chemtrails_Jo_Conrad.jpg|Spreading the "Chemtrails"-conspiracy theory using statements that even a chemistry layperson can recognize as being a hoax or a fake|350px|thumb]]<br />
Another proponent of Chemtrails is [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Braune_Esoterik extremist right esoteric] conspiracy theorist [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Jo_Conrad Jo Conrad]. In August 2010, Conrad tried to spread the theory in his "Freigeist-Forum" (free thinkers' board) by showing a picture of an alleged chemtrail aircraft (see screenshot to the right dating from August, 26<sup>th</sup> 2010 11:20am). The picture, however, shows nothing but "aerodynamic rainbow contrails" which can be attributed to a hoax<ref>http://contrailscience.com/aerodynamic-and-rainbow-contrails</ref>. The picture caption e.g. mentions "Barium-Hypertitanit", "Terraformit" and even "Spinnoinium-Oxydul". Fantasy substances like Spinnoinium (roughly: Crazeonium) or Terraformit do not exist and are only used to make the hoax more palpable. Explanations of measurement technology further reveal the hoax: Searching for devices like a "telegas chromatograph" or a "telerelevator" of a company by the name of "GCMS" only lead to other references of the hoax.<br>The original picture was taken in 2006 and, in contrast to the wrong caption in the hoax, shows a Virgin Atlantic Airways Airbus A340-642 (identification: G-VBLU) over China with a "rainbow-contrail" in an altitude between 8,000 and 9,000 meters.<ref>http://www.airliners.net/photo/Virgin-Atlantic-Airways/Airbus-A340-642/1088680/&sid=db4bb4807cfd3a3ce2356089fe628624</ref><br />
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==Usage of Pictures without any references in the Chemtrail Scene==<br />
[[image:Altnickelnasa747.jpg|Original picture of the NASA|left|thumb]]<br />
[[image:altnickel747.png|Alleged Chemtrail airplane B747|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Altnickele6takamo.jpg|TACAMO: Boeing E6|left|thumb]]<br />
[[image:AltnickelKC135.jpg|Alleged Chemtrail tanker KC135|thumb]]<br />
Besides airy hypotheses (which are not backed by any facts) and fake or manipulated pictures, the national as well as international chemtrail scene typically presents photos of aircrafts while ''spraying chemtrails'', even though such photos neither allow a correct identification of respective aircrafts nor are they interpreted appropriately. They aim at impressing gullible viewers and laypersons with misinterpretations and disinformation. At the same time this is meant to boost sales of products like books, DVDs, seminars, and lectures.<br />
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What especially lacks in this scene is reliable, verifiable references including date specifications. Two typical examples of such photos without references are displayed at the right: A simple internet search, however, usually reveals the source of these photos(left side). Usually they show aircrafts generating smoke trails for the study of air eddies, fire-fighting planes or other planes spraying water in studies of icing processes of following aircrafts. There are lots of photos and extensive descriptions of such experiments in the internet.<br />
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==Reactions to Chemtrail hypotheses and Scientific View==<br />
Neither is there any evidence for chemtrails nor are their proponents able to produce such. Quite a number of logical reasons contradict their possible existence. Condensation trails are a well reviewed phenomenon and technical articles on this date back to the 1940ies. Already NACA, the precesessor of NASA, examined this phenomenon due to its military relevance for locating aircrafts in WWII. In a document dated 1942 (decades prior to chemtrail hypotheses) NACA researchers named the meteorological circumstances responsible for ''persistent contrails''. So far no evidence of the existence of aluminum or barium in condensation trails or aircraft fuels has been given. The Deutsche Flugsicherung GmbH (German Air Traffic control) confirmed they did not observe any conspicuous or remarkable air activity which could be associated with the circumstance described in „Raum & Zeit". The Deutsche Wetterdienst (German Meteorological Service) informed their data do not show any peculiarities indicating any irregular forms of condensation trails.<br />
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The Bundesministerium der Verteidigung (German Federal Ministry of Defence) also has no further information. The headquarters of the US-Air Force Europe informed that the projects as described do not and did not exist. Greenpeace as well as the Umweltbundesamt (UBA, German Federal Environment Agency) regard the chemtrail theory as dubious. The UBA even inquired with the World Health Organization (WHO) about an alleged risk analysis on potential consequences of chemtrails supposedly conducted by WHO. WHO assured they neither had knew of chemtrails nor had they done any study on the subject. The phenomena described are also unknown to Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR, German Aerospace Center). Since many years, DLR's Institute of Atmosphere Physics examines the effects of air traffic emissions on the atmosphere, including numerous measurements of gas and particle emissions of commercial aircrafts. Neither is the German Meteorological Service able to detect anomalies in their data indicating special ''chemtrail'' forms in condensation trails. The German federal government also commented on chemtrails in 2004: Excerpt from a reply (reference: Deutscher Bundestag Drucksache 15/3694<ref>http://dipbt.bundestag.de/dip21/btd/15/036/1503694.pdf</ref>) of the Federal Government given to Herbert Frankenhauser (member of parliament, party: CSU): [...]Question: ''Are so-called chemtrails (chemical traces sprayed by aircrafts) released to research the reduction of global warming over the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany? '' Reply of Parliamentary State Secretary Simone Probst dated September, 8<sup>th</sup> 2004: ''The Federal Government has no knowledge regarding aircrafts releasing so-called chemtrails in the atmosphere in Europe.''<br />
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==Chemtrails and Cloudbuster==<br />
Some chemtrail proponents believe that copper tubes -arranged in so-called [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Cloudbuster Cloudbusters]- are able to ''diffuse'' such condensation trails. The cloudbuster concept goes back to [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Reich Wilhelm Reich]. The so-called 'Chembusters'' are improvements going back to the American businessman, [[Esotericism|esoteric]], and private pilot [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Don_Croft Don Croft] (see also: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Georg_Ritschl Georg Ritschl]).<br />
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==Chemtrails and the ''Yellow Revolution'' of [[European New Resistance|ENR]]==<br />
[[image:enr.jpg|Speech of Commandante Don|thumb|left]]<br />
[[image:chemtrailplakatkoeln.jpg|Poster in Cologne|thumb]]<br />
[[European New Resistance]] is a new group currently forming in different cities and trying to recruit members. It uses "chemtrails" in a populist manner to draw public attention to all kinds of issues they consider a grievance. Conspiracy theory internet portals like [[NWO-Fighter.info]], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Infokrieg.tv infokrieg.tv] and terraristen.net joined their activities. Naive esoteric campaigners from "Motzblog" (grumble blog) and the associated internet board "Motzlabor" (grumble laboratory) are behind these activities. Interestingly, the ''Address by Commandante Don'' can also be found on the so-called ''Reichszeitung'', a typical extreme right [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=KRR KRR] (Kommissarische Reichsregierung, Provisional Government of the German Reich) publication. They gained public attention in summer 2008 when they hired the Cologne-based outdoor advertising company ''Kölner Außenwerbung KAW'' to hang up anti-condensation trail posters.<ref>http://netzklempnerin.wordpress.com/2008/07/20/die-gelben-piraten-aus-taka-tuka-land/</ref><br />
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==Chemtrails, vaccination opponents, and Avian Flu==<br />
[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Anita_Petek-Dimmer Anita Petek-Dimmer] uses chemtrails in her [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Impfgegner anti-vaccination] campaign in an absurd way. Quotation: ''The radioactive radiation effect of plutonium-enriched chemtrails spreads out to forests, meadows, farm- and grassland[...] The soil bacteria are killed by contamination and partly dissolve. These bacteria are essential in regulating the water balance. This radiation results in aggradation, desertification and soil crusting. This is most probably also one of the reasons for avian flu.''<ref>http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/117864615/PDFSTART?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0</ref><br />
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According to Berlin-based alleged ''expert and technical consultant for low-intensity radioactivity and radioactive effects'' [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Brigitte_Schlabitz Brigitte Schlabitz] avian flu is not caused by a virus, but by the precipitation of "nuclear-induced cloud formations". According to Schlabritz, the ailing and dying of indoor plants was caused by radioactive chemtrails in many cases. Additionally, [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=RFID "micro chips"] are said to play a role in the effects caused by chemtrails.<br />
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==Chemtrail and Politics==<br />
[[image:Ctglashuetten.jpg|350px|thumb]]<br />
German NPD, an extremist right political party, felt compelled to issue a parliamentary inquiry regarding chemtrails to the government of the federal state of Saxony. Often, extremist right activists use the issue of chemtrail to lure in uninformed persons (particularly those overstrained and afraid of life) in order to draw them to antisemitic writings and extremist opinions.<br />
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In January 2009, the local group of Bündnis&nbsp;90/Die Grünen (German ecological party) in the town of Glashütten (population 5,500) published an outrageously disinforming pamphlet on chemtrails on their web site [http://www.gruene-glashuetten.de/index.php?dom=1&lang=22&p=74]. Titled ''The destruction of the sky by chemtrails'', it claimed the population was poisoned by aircrafts distributing barium, aluminum and ''Sulfur'' [this term is not used in German language and most probably the result of translating without comprehension] at the alleged cost of billions of Euros. Neither witnesses nor reliable evidence backed these outrageous accusations. When asked via e-mail, the operator of the website was not able to answer the question of how to prove these alleged poisonous trails.<br />
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==Chemtrail-courses at the VHS (adult education center) Oldenburg==<br />
[[image:AltnickelVHS.jpg|VHS-course announcement in the internet|300px|thumb]]<br />
At least since March 2008, the solar-collector assembler [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Werner_Altnickel Werner Altnickel] was allowed to give lectures on the pseudo-scientific conspiracy theory of chemtrails and the ionospheric research program [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=HAARP HAARP] at VHS Oldenburg [adult education centre] to a paying audience. Having paid 15&nbsp;EUR, participants will learn how HAARP allegedly acts as a "ionospheric heater", "opens" ozone holes, "directs storms", and creates tsunamis and earthquakes.<ref>Volkshochschule Oldenburg, Kursprogramm Ratgeber und Praxis, Natur (Courses 'Guidebook and praxis, nature'). Die Macht über das Wetter - Chemische und elektromagnetische Wettermanipulationen (Weather at disposal – Chemical and electromagnetic weather manipulations). According to the instructor's opinion, weather manipulations with damaging effects on health and life have taken place since more than 55&nbsp;years. The Geneva ENMOD-convention of 1977 outlawed artificial earthquakes and tsunamis, the selective opening of ozone holes, the directing of storms, and the electrical manipulation of the ionosphere etc. In 1998, the EU met to outlaw installations like the »ionosphere heater« HAARP, without success. Werner Altnickel. One-time presentation (4&nbsp;lessons), Tuesday, February 16,2010, 7pm - 10pm. Meeting place: Wilhelm- Kempin-Str.&nbsp;55 , 25&nbsp;participants, €&nbsp;12 , Kursnummer X19500. Volkshochschule Oldenburg&nbsp;e.V. - Telefon: (0441) 92391-0 , Telefax: (0441) 92391-13 E-Mail: info@vhsol.de, Internet: www.vhs-ol.de , Wallstraße&nbsp;17 (Am Waffenplatz) 26122&nbsp;Oldenburg</ref><ref>http://reflexion.blogsport.de/tag/chemtrail</ref> Altnickel is neither a meteorologist nor a geophysicist and his lectures therefore are a layperson's speculations. Earlier in 2010, it became known that VHS department manager [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Claudia_Grove Claudia Grove], responsible for the administration of VHS courses, personally lobbied for the inclusion of Altnickel's absurde conspiracy theories in the curriculum offered at VHS Oldenburg. In an e-mail reply to a person complaining about spreading such conspiracy theories and about the abuse of a public institution, Grove said: ''Dear Mr. XXX, in your e-mail of January, 17<sup>th</sup> you proved an attentive reader of our course program. Of course we are really glad about this, and we are open to critical comments. It is of course among the duties of an adult education center to inform about controversial issues. This includes information on chemtrails, the existence of which is indisputable. We were surprised, however, that you expressed such a pointed criticism without revealing yourself. Kind regards, Claudia Grove''<br />
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==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Chemtrail Chemtrail]<br />
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==Literature==<br />
*Pearson HA, ''Condensation trails where they occur and what can be done about them'',1942, NTRS:2006-11-06, Report Number: NACA-WR-L-474. link: [http://naca.central.cranfield.ac.uk/report.php?NID=1917]<br />
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==German Weblinks==<br />
*[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Chemtrails#cite_note-34 German version used as base for this article]<br />
*[http://www.umweltdaten.de/publikationen/fpdf-l/3574.pdf Hintergrundpapier des Umweltbundesamtes zu Chemtrails]<br />
*[http://www.mpimet.mpg.de/aktuelles/presse/faq-haeufig-gestellte-fragen/welche-rolle-spielen-kondensstreifen-fuer-unser-klima.html Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie: Welche Rolle spielen Kondensstreifen für unser Klima?]*http://www.martin-wagner.org/anti-chemtrails.htm<br />
*[http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-38785499.html Sebastian Knauer: Metall am Himmel. DER SPIEGEL 1/2005] (kurzer Artikel zur Chemtrail-Verschwörungstheorie)<br />
*[http://www.focus.de/wissen/wissenschaft/klima/frage-von-m-baumann_aid_26819.html Frage von M. Baumann: Gibt es die „Chemtrails“ wirklich? FOCUS, 07.12.2006]<br />
*http://chemtrails-maerchen.blogspot.com/<br />
*http://chemtrails.bplaced.net/2008/09/sensation-wissenschaftlicher-nachweis.html<br />
*http://www.abgeordnetenwatch.de/index.php?cmd=223&q=chemtrails<br />
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==English Weblinks==<br />
*[http://naca.central.cranfield.ac.uk/reports/1942/naca-wr-l-474.pdf NACA-publication on persistent contrails from 1942]<br />
*http://www.skepdic.com/chemtrails.html<br />
*http://www.lacarte.org/health/chemtrails/debunkery/<br />
*http://contrailscience.com/contrail-or-chemtrail/<br />
*http://www.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-051013-001.pdf<br />
*http://www.hans-egebo.dk/skeptic/contrails.htm<br />
*http://www.env.leeds.ac.uk/envi1200/slides/Chapter%209.pdf on Contrail-formation<br />
*http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wfOrez6q7WM<br />
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==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Chemtrails Die deutsche Version dieses Artikels]<br />
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==References==<br />
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'''Note:''' This article would not have been possible without the assistance of many forum members who researched these chemtrail fantasies in their spare time. We would like to thank them explicitely.<br />
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[[category:Conspiracy Theory]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Germanic_New_Medicine&diff=930Germanic New Medicine2011-02-23T09:28:34Z<p>Pamela: /* References */</p>
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<div>[[image:gnmen.jpg|300px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Hamer2.jpg|Inventor R.&nbsp;G.&nbsp;Hamer|thumb]]<br />
'''Germanic New Medicine'''&reg; (GNM) (formerly called ''New Medicine'' and often called ''New German[ic] Medicine'') is a pseudoscientific, alternative medicine which appeared in Germany in 1981. It has also been a registered trade mark since 2003. Many hopeful cancer patients treated by this method have died, at least 140 (see details below). <br />
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The Germanic New Medicine was invented by barred German physician [[Ryke Geerd Hamer]], who has been prosecuted in several European countries for illegally practicing medicine. Hamer is currently living in Sandefjord, in the south of Norway. His address is the same as his publishing company ''GERMANISCHE NEUE MEDIZIN FORLAG DR.&nbsp;HAMER'' Sandkollveien&nbsp;11, N-3229&nbsp;Sandefjord/Norway. In two interviews in September 2007 Hamer stated that he fled from Spain to Norway to escape an arrest warrant from Germany. The warrant was issued on the grounds of ''incitement of hatred against a minority of the population'' (article&nbsp;130 of German criminal law), because of Hamer's many public anti-semitic statements in open letters and on web pages and accusing an international Jewish conspiracy (in particular the New York B'nai B'rith) of having killed two billion people by means of hiding the truth about New Medicine, which Hamer claims can heal 98% of all cancer cases.<br />
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Due to the fact that its principles are incompatible with the findings of modern evidence-based medicine, the GNM has never been accepted and is widely ignored by the scientific and academic medical community. Hamer spreads his ideas in his books, published by his own publishing company ''Amici di Dirk'', via many different private web pages on the internet and through publications by a number of followers and associations that support his doctrines.<br />
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According to Hamer, every disease of either man, animal or plant is the result of an earlier - not well-defined - ''biological conflict'', obeying to no more than five so-called ''biological laws of nature'' which he claims to have discovered, but which no scientist has been able to confirm as yet. In addition to this, Hamer states that only the effects of radiation and injuries are not the result of a biological conflict.<br />
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GNM is a mainly diagnostic construction and a primitive reinvention of a number of obsolete concepts from psychosomatic medicine, mixed with pseudoscientific, unvalidated tests of Hamer's own invention and a grotesquely erroneous interpretation of CT brain scans. Some of his ideas have already been proposed before (e.g. ''Christian Science'' and anthroposophic medicine...). What is usually called disease or symptom, is seen by Hamer as a ''sensible biological program'' (in German: ''sinnvolles biologisches Sonderprogramm''), being the reaction of a healthy organism to the alleged biological conflicts. According to Hamer's theory, all severe diseases, such as cancer, can be ''healed'' in 95% of all cases by performing a so-called ''conflictolysis'' on the principles of the GNM. Failures of his method or the death of patients are consistently attributed to interventions of ''scholastic medicine'', e.g. the use of morphine, or the patient's not being totally committed to the GNM.<br />
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Until now, Hamer has failed to present any literature supporting his ideas, such as peer-reviewed articles in serious medical journals and to perform scientific studies into the efficacy of his treatments.<br />
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==Germanic==<br />
Germanic is a term which first appeared in Roman times about 200&nbsp;years before Christ and was used by Romans (for instance Pliny the elder) to designate different peoples living east of the Rhine river or north of the Alps. These different peoples never called themselves ''Germanic''. This term was an invention of some of the enemies of the different ''Germanic'' peoples and tribes. When, in 2004, Hamer was asked why he wanted his hypotheses to be called ''Germanic'', he answered: ''[...] weil ich stolz bin ein Deutscher zu sein [...]'' (because I'm proud to be a German).<ref>Caroline Markolin (Montreal/Canada), January 1, 2005: ''[...] Ich habe Dr.&nbsp;Hamer letztes Jahr während eines Seminar in Spanien gefragt: "Warum germanisch?". Seine Antwort kam schnell und war eindeutig: "Ich bin stolz, Deutscher zu sein [...]'' source: http://www.pilhar.com/Hamer/Korrespo/2005/20050101_Markolin_Plaedoyer.htm</ref> Hamer also justified the term in his book ''Vermächtnis einer neuen Medizin''<ref>Hamer RG: book ''Vermächtnis einer neuen Medizin'' chapter 28</ref>, asserting that the term ''Germanic'' allegedly carried ''no concept of evil or good'' as this allegedly only appeared in ''Judaic and Christian tradition''. Hamer also expressed his conviction that medicine had been ''invented in Germany, the country of poets, musicians, inventors and discoverers'', and that Germany was ''the mother'' of all European languages, which is nonsense.<br />
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==No published reports about healed cancer patients so far==<br />
No report about healed cancer patients who had survived a GNM therapy and who were not treated by academic medicine has been published so far, only some anecdotal stories are available. For instance a German person asserts that he survived leukemia eleven times thanks to Hamer's method,<ref>case Joswig, a German extremist right admirer of GNM who claims to be a citizen of a ''Deutsches Reich'' (German empire)</ref> another asserts to have been healed miraculously from an atheroma (this is not cancer), and someone thinks that his torticollis was in fact a non-Hodgkin lymphoma<ref>http://www.pilhar.com/Hamer/NeuMed/Sonderpr/20000101_NonHodgkin.htm</ref>. Admirers and followers of GNM think that thousands of cancer patients have been healed by GNM. A neutral observer must wonder why they do not show up to support this method.<br />
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==Notable cases of failure==<br />
Many former GNM patients suffering cancer died so far. More than 140&nbsp;persons are known so far in 2008. This is documented in different court files and sentences, newspaper articles, reports of relatives, and in the list presented by Aribert Deckers.<ref>http://www.ariplex.com/ama/ama_ham2.htm</ref> Many of them had a good chance to survive as they had a cancer responding well to modern therapies (e.g. testicular cancer, Hodgkin-lymphoma). A detailed presentation of notable cases can be seen here: [[Victims of New Medicine]].<br />
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Ryke Geerd Hamer developed testicular cancer himself in 1978 (or at the beginning of 1979), but seeked professional help and underwent surgery in a clinic in Tübingen. He survived this miraculously, according to his own opinion he should have had a survival chance of only&nbsp;2%.<ref>http://www.neue-medizin.de/html/ein_vermachtnis.html</ref> His tumor appeared only two month after the death of his son Dirk (that was December 1978), and Hamer was convinced that event was the cause of his cancer.<ref>http://www.newmedicine.ca/interview.php [...] in 1978 I developed testicular cancer from such a biological conflict, a so-called "loss conflict [...]"</ref>. But cancer needs years to develop, and not two months. His wife died from breast cancer in 1985, a GNM therapy by Hamer was not successful. Hamer said this at the end of 1985 and declared his wife to be his ''first patient after discovering the iron rules of cancer''.<br />
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==Sceptical view of the GNM==<br />
[[image:sciencefaith.jpg|650px|thumb]]<br />
Hamer never published his hypotheses in a scientific paper (his doctoral thesis has nothing to do with it), and apart from an article by Danish holistic physician (now barred) Sören Ventegodt which appeared in a rather unimportant journal<ref>Ventegodt et al. Fulltext: http://www.thescientificworldjournal.com/headeradmin/upload/2005.03.16.pdf</ref> no scientific paper analysing his method can be found in databases. The author Ventegodt also lost his medical license in the meantime and has been criticized for working in a pseudoscientific way, and it seems that the journal accepts papers after receiving a ''payment''.<ref>http://kasperolsen.wordpress.com/2005/12/19/more-dangerous-pseudo-science/ Ventegodt and pseudoscience</ref> This makes it more difficult to evaluate his ideas.<br />
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The inventor Hamer does not present scientific proofs in favour of his method, and does not present controlled and placebo-controlled prospective studies supporting it. Instead, he shows retrospectively filtered reports and letters of anecdotal value, often written by himself or laymen.<br />
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Hamer does never recognise any limit of his medical knowledge (he could not work as physician after 1986) and behaves as an ''expert'' in every branch of medicine, exactly as described by the ''Dunning-Kruger effect''<ref>Justin Kruger, David Dunning (1999), "Unskilled and Unaware of It: How Difficulties in Recognizing One's Own Incompetence Lead to Inflated Self-Assessments". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 77 (6): 1121–34. PMID 10626367. [http://www.apa.org/journals/features/psp7761121.pdf]</ref><ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning-Kruger_effect</ref> becoming a danger for his patients.<br />
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==External and Internal Contradictions and Obvious Errors==<br />
[[image:Ce.jpg|Cancer survival in Germany|300px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Mortalitysweden.jpg|thumb|400px|Mortality in Sweden between 1964 and 1996]]<br />
[[image:ALLsweden.jpg|ALL in Sweden Acta Oncol 2003;42|300px|thumb]] <br />
[[image:Hodgkinsweden.jpg|Hogkin in Sweden Acta Oncol 2003;42|300px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Smokecancer.jpg|300px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Yoshihiro.jpg|300px|thumb]]<br />
Hamer made many different public statements about his doctrines being in conflict with each other and being in a clear contrast and conflict to the actual knowledge in scientific medicine.<br />
*'''Cancer:''' Hamer states that he was able to cure cancer patients in 98% of all cases but is unable to present a single cured patient. At the same time, it is well known (see his trials, the ''Aribert-Decker-List''<ref>http://www.ariplex.com/ama/ama_ham2.htm</ref> and [[Victims of New Medicine]] / [[Testimonies of former associates of Hamer]]) that many cancer patients following his method died. Some of his statements seem to indicate that the therapeutic principle in new medicine is the so far unknown induction of a ''spontaneous remission'' of cancer after a psychotherapeutical intervention by the patient himself, and assisted by a GNM therapist. The probability of any spontaneous remission is however known to be very low and occurs only in about 1:50,000 to 1:140,000 of all cancer cases. These remissions are not only very rare, but at the same time no cure is known today to induce them. Every spontaneous remission is also subject to possible relapses and patients must wait at least five (or more) years until they know that recovery seems to be definitive. At least two different groups of experts are performing research on spontaneous remissions in Germany (one for instance in Nuremberg). At the same time, Hamer declared many times, and still continues to repeat, that ''scientific medicine'' offered only about a 2% survival chance for a cancer patient.<ref>[...] So aber gibt es nur schlechte Verlierer in der dummen und falschen Schulmedizin. Von der strafrechtlichen Seite wollen wir noch gar nicht einmal sprechen., d.h. von der Frage, wer denn für den seit 18&nbsp;Jahren geübten, vorsätzlichen wissenschaftlichen Massenmord oder Superholokaust an unseren Patienten verantwortlich ist. Denn beim Deutschen Krebsforschungszentrum Heidelberg kann sich doch jeder erkundigen: Bei der "Standesamtsstatistik" (d.h.: Wer lebt wirklich noch nach Chemo-Pseudotherapie ?) findet man, daß nach 5&nbsp;Jahren 95% der Patienten tot sind, nach 7&nbsp;Jahren 98%! Das heißt: Man hat alle Patienten regelrecht um ihr Leben betrogen, indem man die Erkenntnisse der neuen Medizin mit ihrer 95%igen (und mehr) Überlebenschance unterdrückt hat! Das war aber nicht ein paar vertrottelte Medizyn-Onkelchens oder saudumme Medienredakteure, xxxxx Richter oder Politiker, sondern das waren die finsteren Mächte der Logenonkelchen und Onkologenbrüderchen, die dieses schlimmste Verbrechen der Menschheitsgeschichte für den Wahn der Weltherrschaft begehen mußten [...] see: http://www.pilhar.com/Hamer/Korrespo/1999/19990415_Hamer_an_Freund_Gallmeier.htm (rif 107)</ref> Hamer sometimes refers to Ulrich Abel, a German expert who never made any statement like this. In reality, modern medicine (evidenced-based medicine and good clinical practice) today offers a survival rate of about 55% (all cases) in Germany<ref>Robert Koch Institut, Germany</ref>, and in other countries, like the USA or Australia, even over 60%<ref>http://annonc.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/14/suppl_5/v61.pdf (periodo 1990-94, pag. 58)</ref>. National Cancer Institute (USA) indicates a cancer survival of only 20% in 1920. And cancer incidence started to decrease about ten years ago in Germany.<ref>http://www.aerzteblatt.de/v4/archiv/bild.asp?id=12796 (source: http://www.ekr.med.uni-erlangen.de/GEKID/Doc/kid2006.pdf)</ref><br />
*Another '''big error:''' Hamer claims that ''1,500&nbsp;German non-Jewish cancer patients'' were ''killed'' every day by scientific medicine and this can be seen or heard in a video interview dated 2006<ref>http://www.lnc-2010.de/html/neues_deutschland.html</ref> and he continues to assert this claim on different web pages in open letters.<ref>http://www.pilhar.com/Hamer/Korrespo/2007/20070205_Hamer_an_HR3.htm</ref> These data, however, contradict published German cancer statistics of 2002: 420,000&nbsp;people were newly diagnosed with cancer in that year in Germany, and at the same time 210,000 died because of cancer in 2002. 210000/365=575, Hamer's numbers cannot be correct and 1,500&nbsp;x&nbsp;365&nbsp;=&nbsp;547,500. This means the number of dead patients would exceed the number of newly diagnozed patients by 120,000. This is of course impossible.<br />
*'''Chemotherapy and cancer''': According to the inventor Hamer, chemotherapy in cancer treatment would have a fatal effect on every patient and caused to death of many people in the past. However, chemotherapy is mostly used as a coadjuvant therapy combined with surgery or a radiation therapy. Some (not all) cancers are sensitive to particular drugs used. Cancer of this type are for instance Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children, Hodgkin-disease or testicular cancer.<ref>Brandt L, A systematic overview of chemotherapy effects in Hodgkin's disease, Acta oncol 2001;40(2-3):185-97, A systematic review of chemotherapy trials in several tumour types was performed by The Swedish Council of Technology Assessment in Health Care (SBU). The procedures for the evaluation of scientific literature are described separately (Acta Oncol 2001; 40: 155-65). This synthesis of the literature on chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease (HD) is based on 113&nbsp;scientific reports including four meta-analyses, 44&nbsp;randomised studies, 18&nbsp;prospective studies and 40&nbsp;retrospective studies. These studies involve 69,196&nbsp;patients. The conclusions reached can be summarised into the following points: Chemotherapy is of utmost importance for the cure of HD. At early stages, extended field radiotherapy cures most patients. For the majority of patients with relapses after radiotherapy, chemotherapy is curative and the total proportion of cured early stage patients is 75-90%. Chemotherapy in addition to extended field radiotherapy reduces recurrences but does not improve long-term survival. In early stage HD with a large mediastinal mass and/or systemic symptoms, combined treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy is recommended. It is likely that chemotherapy will in future play a greater role in the treatment of early stage patients, too, in order to reduce later consequences from extended field radiotherapy. However, this conclusion remains to be better documented in literature. At advanced stages, chemotherapy or a combination of chemotherapy and limited field radiotherapy are effective treatment options and, using the regimens available 10-20&nbsp;years ago, 40-50% of the patients are cured. Based upon more favourable short-term (three to eight years) results of more recently developed regimens, it can be expected that today a higher proportion of the patients will become long-term survivors. Several chemotherapy regimens containing four to eight drugs are effective in HD. The best regimen considering both antitumour activity and acute and later side-effects is not known. The choice of regimen is probably best done after considering various pre-treatment factors such as the number of poor prognostic signs, concomitant diseases, and individual preferences. The results of chemotherapy are more favourable in young than in elderly patients. The development of less toxic but still effective treatment programmes is therefore particularly important for the elderly. High dose chemotherapy with stem cell support is presently often used in patients who are chemotherapy induction failures, who relapse after a short initial remission or after a longer initial remission and treated initially with seven or eight drugs, or who have had multiple relapses. However, this use is based on data from uncontrolled or small controlled studies, not being fully convincing with respect to effect on survival. Persistent side-effects of treatment are common among long-term survivors, although most patients apparently have a normal life. The relative contributions of chemotherapy and radiotherapy to the persistent effects are not well documented.</ref>. Overall (additional = contribution for chemotherapy for cancer survival is estimated to be between 5-10%.<br />
*'''Tumors in transplanted organs:''' Tumors may also come up in transplanted organs, they were already present in these organs before transplantation (too small to be detected), but it is also known that a tumor can build up after transplantation. After a transplantation, no nerve links this organ to the brain, and therefore the GNM theory of cancer origin fails.<ref>Schwarz A, Renal cell carcinoma in transplant recipients with acquired cystic kidney disease, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007 Jul;2(4):750-6. Epub 2007 Apr 25 [...] CONCLUSIONS: Renal cell carcinoma occurs often after renal transplantation [...]</ref><ref>Aguilera Tubet C, Multifocal renal cell carcinoma on renal allograft, Actas Urol Esp. 2007 May;31(5):553-5 [...] We report a case of multifocal renal cell carcinoma diagnosed in a kidney grafted 17&nbsp;years before [...]</ref><ref>Besarani D Urological malignancy after renal transplantation, BJU Int. 2007 Sep;100(3):502-5</ref><ref>Roithmaier S, Incidence of malignancies in heart and/or lung transplant recipients: a single-institution experience, J Heart Lung Transplant. 2007 Aug;26(8):845-9</ref><ref>Ondrus D The incidence of tumours in renal transplant recipients with long-term immunosuppressive therapy, Int Urol Nephrol. 1999;31(4):417-22</ref><ref>Birkeland SA Risk for tumor and other disease transmission by transplantation: a population-based study of unrecognized malignancies and other diseases in organ donors, Transplantation. 2002 Nov 27;74(10):1409-13</ref><ref>Buell JF Donor transmitted malignancies, Ann Transplant. 2004;9(1):53-6</ref><br />
*'''Inherited cancer:''' In some cancer types it is known for sure that these are inherited and therefore transmitted genetically. One example is familial adenomatous polyposis<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familial_adenomatous_polyposis</ref> or Xeroderma pigmentosum<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xeroderma_pigmentosum</ref>. Other cases are Louis-Bar syndrome, Gardner syndrome, Turcot syndrome and familiar form of retinoblastoma. In these cases a ''biological conflict'' as an origin can be excluded. <br />
*'''Cancer caused by virus:''' About 15% of all cancer are caused by viruses (oncovirus), the presence of a viral infection increases incidence. This is the case in high-risk HPV, Burkitt lymphoma and HIV.<br />
*'''No chemical carcinogens in new medicine:''' The Hamer doctrine allows no chemical carcinogens to exist, they have simply no effect on tumor formation and smoking does not cause cancer, for instance. Cancer may occur because people were ''in panic'' after hearing that carcinogenes like asbestos were harmful.<br />
*'''No metastasis in GNM:''' According to the same doctrine metastases does not exist and allegedly was never proved by scientific medicine. Tumors appearing after a first tumor were due to the panic of the patient who, suffering, was producing new tumors. Also, isolate tumor cells would not be detectable in blood, especially not in arterial blood.<ref>http://www.neue-medizin.de/html/3__naturgesetz.html</ref> Many scientific articles tell us the opposite. Since 1869 (more than 130&nbsp;years ago), it is known that tumors emit single cancer cells or groups of them into the blood, and every day a tumor may emit millions of cells even if only a minority may survive (perhaps 0,01%) and be the source of a distant metastasis<ref>Wong LS, Detection of circulating tumour cells and nodal metastasis by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction technique, Br J surg 2005 Vol 84 (6) 834, In the search for occult metastases in lymph nodes or circulating tumour cells, a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was developed to detect tumour-specific splice variants of the transcript of the CD44 gene. The assay was highly sensitive and could detect ten tumour cell per 10(5)&nbsp;leucocytes. METHODS: RNA was purified from peripheral blood (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;24) and regional lymph nodes (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;14) from patients with colorectal cancer. Complementary DNA was made and amplified using primers specific for the CD44 gene. Southern blotting with exon-specific probes was used to enhance the sensitivity. RESULTS: Tumour cells were detected in peripheral blood samples in four patients and lymph nodes in nine, in one of whom conventional histology had not detected tumour cells. CONCLUSION: This technique may be useful in the early diagnosis of primary or metastatic tumours, in assessing prognosis and in detecting residual disease after treatment.</ref><ref>Sadahiro S, Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen Messenger RNA-Expressing Cells in Peripheral Blood 7&nbsp;Days After Curative Surgery is a Novel Prognostic Factor in Colorectal Cancer, Ann Surg Oncol 2007 jan 3, BACKGROUND: The significance of detection of circulating cancer cells in blood during surgery in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial. Experimental study revealed that the cancer cells injected from the vein disappeared completely until 7&nbsp;days. The aim of this study was to clarify that the detection of circulating cancer cells in blood taken later than 7&nbsp;days after curative surgery may be a prognostic factor. METHODS: Two hundred consecutive patients with CRC who underwent potentially curative surgery were the subjects. Peripheral blood was collected between 7&nbsp;and 10&nbsp;days after resection. Cancer cells were detected using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction targeting carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) messenger RNA (mRNA). The median follow-up period was 52&nbsp;months (range: 34-69&nbsp;months). RESULTS: The overall positive incidence of CEA mRNA was 22%. Detection of CEA mRNA was not significantly related to conventional clinicopathological findings. Recurrence has been confirmed in 55&nbsp;patients (28%). The recurrence rate was significantly higher in patients with rectal cancer, deep penetration, lymph node metastasis, preoperative chemoradiotherapy and positive CEA mRNA. The CEA mRNA positive patients showed significantly poorer disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) than the negative patients (DFS, P=0.007; OS, P=0.04). Multivariate analysis revealed that the positive expression of CEA mRNA (P&nbsp;<&nbsp;0.01) as well as the tumor location and TNM stage classification was identified as the significant risk factors for recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Detection of CEA mRNA expressing cells in peripheral blood 7&nbsp;days after curative surgery is a novel independent factor predicting recurrence in patients with CRC.</ref><ref>Castells A, Detection of colonic cells in peripheral blood of colorectal cancer patients by means of reverse transcriptase and polymerase chain reaction, Br J Cancer, 1998 78(10) 1368, Circulating tumour cells play a central role in the metastatic process, but little is known about the relationship between this cellular subpopulation and the development of secondary disease. This study was aimed at assessing the presence of colonic cells in peripheral blood of patients with colorectal cancer in different evolutionary stages, by means of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeted to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA. In vitro sensitivity was established in a recovery experiment by preparing serial colorectal cancer cell dilutions. Thereafter, 95&nbsp;colorectal cancer patients and a control group including healthy subjects (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;11), patients with other gastrointestinal neoplasms (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;11) or inflammatory bowel disease (n&nbsp;=&nbsp;9) were analysed. Specific cDNA primers for CEA transcripts were used to apply RT-PCR to peripheral blood samples. Tumour cells were detected down to five cells per 10&nbsp;ml blood, thus indicating a sensitivity limit of approximately one tumour cell per 10(7)&nbsp;white blood cells. CEA mRNA expression was detected in 39&nbsp;out of 95&nbsp;colorectal cancer patients (41.1%), there being a significant correlation with the presence of distant metastases at inclusion. None of the healthy volunteers and only 1&nbsp;of 11&nbsp;patients (9.1%) with other gastrointestinal neoplasms had detectable CEA mRNA in peripheral blood. By contrast, CEA mRNA was detected in five of the nine patients (55.6%) with inflammatory bowel disease. These results confirm that it is feasible to amplify CEA mRNA in the peripheral blood, its presence being almost certainly derived from circulating malignant cells in colorectal cancer patients. However, CEA mRNA detectable in blood of patients with inflammatory bowel disease suggests the presence of circulating non-neoplastic colonic epithelial cells.</ref><ref>Nakamori S, Genetic detection of colorectal cancer cells in circulation and lymph nodes, Dis Colon Rectum 1997 40(10 sup) S29-36, PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to investigate the clinical implications of detection of genetic alterations in blood and lymph nodes in colorectal cancer patients. METHODS: The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction product of the cytokeratin gene in blood was examined as a cancer cell-specific expression in 35 colorectal cancer patients. The K-ras or p53 gene mutations in the lymph nodes histopathologically negative for metastasis were studied by the mutant-allele-specific amplification method in 26 colorectal cancer patients. RESULTS: The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay was able to detect a cytokeratin reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction product at a concentration from a single to ten colon cancer cells per 10(6) normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Cytokeratin reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction products were detected in nine patients' blood samples, although none of the samples were cytologically detectable. The blood's cytokeratin positivity correlated with the invasive mode of the tumor (P < 0.05) and the presence of distant metastasis (P < 0.01). Two (50 percent) of four patients whose blood was positive for cytokeratin had recurrences. Of 17 patients with the K-ras or p53 gene mutation in primary tumors, 9 (53 percent) had the corresponding mutations in lymph nodes. Mutation positivity in lymph nodes correlated with the presence of lymphatic invasion of the primary tumor (P < 0.05). All patients with mutation-negative lymph nodes remained disease-free for more than two years after surgery. CONCLUSION: Detection of cytokeratin reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction products in the blood and K-ras or p53 gene mutations in the lymph nodes histologically negative for metastasis may be applicable for clinical use, despite some limitations, and may serve as a useful clinical factor for stratifying patients who are at high or low risk for recurrence after surgery.</ref><ref>Iinuma H, Detection of tumor cells in blood using CD45 magnetic cell separation followed by nested mutant allele-specific amplification of p53 and K-ras genes in patients with colorectal cancer, Int J Cancer 2000 89(4) 337,<br />
A new method for detecting circulating tumor cells that is based on magnetic-activated cell separation (MACS) and nested mutant allele-specific amplification (nested MASA) was evaluated in patients with colorectal cancer using the p53 and K-ras genes as genetic markers. By negative selection with anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody-conjugated supermagnetic microbeads, the proportion of tumor cells was enriched 9-fold. By the combination of MACS and nested MASA, 10 tumor cells in 10(7) normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells could be detected without false-positives. Using this method, we examined blood taken from the tumor drainage veins of 23 patients with colorectal cancer. Eighty-seven percent (20/23) of primary tumor tissues showed p53 and/or K-ras gene mutations. Forty-five percent (9/20) of patients with p53 and/or K-ras mutations in the primary tumor showed the same mutated genes in the blood samples. There was a significant association between the presence of p53 and K-ras gene mutation in the blood and tumor size, depth of invasion, and venous invasion. Blood gene mutation was detected in 80% (4/5) of samples from patients with synchronous liver metastases. Sixty percent (3/5) of patients with mutant genes in the blood developed asynchronous liver metastases after surgery. The overall survival of patients with p53 and/or K-ras gene mutation-positive findings in blood was significantly shorter than that of patients testing negative on Kaplan-Meier analysis. Our results suggest that the method may be useful for reliable detection of tumor cells circulating in the blood and may help to identify patients at high risk for relapse. Copyright 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</ref><ref>Wang JY, Molecular detection of APC, K- ras, and p53 mutations in the serum of colorectal cancer patients as circulating biomarkers, World J Surg 2004 28(7) 721, Early detection of tumor DNA in serum/plasma prior to the development of recurrence or metastases could help improve the outcome of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) after tumor resection. Recent advances in the detection of tumor DNA in the serum/plasma has opened up numerous new areas for investigation and new possibilities for molecular diagnosis. APC and K- ras mutations are considered to be early-stage developments of CRCs, whereas p53 mutations are thought to be relatively late events in the tumorigenesis of CRCs. The aim of this study was to search for the presence of genetic mutations in the DNA extracted from the serum of CRC patients and healthy subjects. We simultaneously evaluate the significance of APC, K- ras, and p53 gene mutations in cancer tissues and their paired serum samples of 104 CRC patients by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism analysis (PCR-SSCP) followed by direct sequencing. Additionally, analysis was carried out to detect the serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in CRC patients. Overall, we found at least one of the gene mutations in tumor tissues from 75% (78/104) of the CRC patients. Comparison of the three molecular markers showed that the detection rates in the serum were 30.4%, 34.0%, and 34.2% for APC, K- ras, and p53 genes, respectively. Of these patients, 46.2% (36/78) were identified as having positive serum results, whereas all healthy controls remained negative. The overall positive tumor DNA detection rates in the serum were 0% (0/7) for Dukes' A classification, 22.4% (11/49) for Dukes' B, 48.7% (19/39) for Dukes' C, and 66.7% (6/9) for Dukes' D. The detection rate increased as the tumor stage progressed ( p = 0.012). Concurrently, a significant difference was observed between lymph node metastases and positive serum tumor DNA detection ( p < 0.001). A significantly higher postoperative metastasis/recurrence rate in patients harboring gene mutations with serum tumor DNA than those without serum tumor DNA was also demonstrated ( p < 0.001). However, no significant correlation between the postoperative metastasis/recurrence and serum CEA levels was observed ( p = 0.247). These data suggest that the identification of circulating tumor DNA using the molecular detection of APC, K- ras, and p53 gene mutations is a potential tool for early detection of postoperative recurrence/metastases. Moreover, these genes may be potential molecular markers of poor clinical outcome in CRC patients.</ref><ref>Wang JY, Molecular detection of circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood of patients with colorectal cancer using RT-PCR: significance of the prediction of postoperative metastasis, World J Surg 2006 june 30(6) 1007,<br />
BACKGROUND: Approximately 20%-45% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients ultimately develop local recurrence or metastasis following curative surgical resection. The latter is caused by tumor cells shed from the primary carcinoma prior to or during operation, currently undetected by standard clinical staging. Fortunately, the presence of tumor cells in peripheral blood can be detected by molecular methods and is being regarded increasingly as a clinically relevant prognostic factor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To detect the presence of circulating tumor cells and evaluate their relationship to postoperative metastatic relapse, we simultaneously examined human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), cytokeratin-19 (CK-19), cytokeratin-20 (CK-20), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA (messenger RNA) in the peripheral blood of 72 CRC patients and 30 healthy individuals. Using a reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), these tumor-related mRNAs were amplified; in addition, analyses were carried out for their correlation with patients' clinicopathologic features, as well as the occurrence of postoperative metastasis. RESULTS: In RT-PCR analysis of the peripheral blood, 69.4% (50 out of 72), 66.7% (48 out of 72), 52.8% (38 out of 72), and 72.2% (52 out of 72) of CRC patients were positive for hTERT, CK-19, CK-20, and CEA mRNA respectively. All 30 healthy individuals were negative for hTERT and CEA mRNA expression, while 2 were positive for either CK-19 mRNA or CK-20 mRNA expression. The detection of CEA mRNA was significantly correlated with depth of tumor invasion (P=0.012), vessel invasion (P=0.035), TNM stage (P<0.0001), and postoperative metastasis (P<0.0001), while positive hTERT mRNA was correlated with TNM stage (P=0.037) and CK-19 was correlated with depth of tumor invasion (P=0.039) and postoperative metastasis (P=0.017). In addition, multivariate logistic regression showed that only CEA mRNA was an independent and significant predictor of postoperative metastasis (P=0.006). Our findings suggest that CEA mRNA may be a more reliable marker than hTERT, CK-19, and CK-20 for the detection of circulating cancer cells in the peripheral blood of CRC patients. CONCLUSIONS: Using RT-PCR for the detection of CEA mRNA is feasible and may be a promising tool for early detection of micrometastatic circulating tumor cells in CRC patients. CRC patients expressing positive CEA mRNA in peripheral blood have a significantly higher risk of postoperative metastasis. Nevertheless, confirmation of CEA mRNA as a prognostic predictive factor requires the continuation of patient follow-up.</ref><ref>Guadagni F, Detection of blood-borne cells in colorectal cancer patients by nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for carcinoembryonic antigen messenger RNA: longitudinal analyses and demonstration of its potential importance as an adjunct to multiple serum markers, Cancer res 2001 15 61(6) 2523, The use of reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) to analyze cells in the blood of cancer patients for the detection of mRNA expressed in tumor cells has implications for both the prognosis and the monitoring of cancer patients for the efficacy of established or experimental therapies. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is expressed on approximately 95% of colorectal, gastric, and pancreatic tumors, and on the majority of breast, non-small cell lung, and head and neck carcinomas. CEA shed in serum is useful as a marker in only approximately 50% of colorectal cancer patients and rarely is shed by some other carcinoma types. RT-PCR has been used previously to detect CEA mRNA in cells in the blood and lymph nodes of cancer patients. Under the assay conditions validated in the studies reported here, 34 of 51 (67%) patients with different stages of colorectal cancer had blood cells that were positive by RT-PCR for CEA mRNA, whereas none of 18 patients with colonic polyps were positive; 2 of 60 apparently healthy individuals (who were age and sex matched with the carcinoma patients and were part of a colon cancer screening program as controls) were marginally positive. The results of CEA PCR in the blood of the carcinoma patients and the other groups showed strong statistical correlation with the disease (P2 < 0.0001). Analyses were carried out to detect both serum CEA protein levels and CEA mRNA in blood cells of colorectal carcinoma patients by RT-PCR. For all stages of disease, 18 of 51 patients (35%) were positive for serum CEA, whereas 35 of 51 (69%) were positive by RT-PCR. More importantly, only 5 of 23 (20%) of stage B and C colorectal cancer patients were positive for serum CEA, whereas 16 of 23 (70%) were positive by RT-PCR. The use of two other serum markers (CA19.9 and CA72-4) for colorectal cancer in combination with serum CEA scored two additional patients as positive; both were positive by RT-PCR for CEA mRNA. Pilot long-term longitudinal studies conducted before and after surgery identified some patients with CEA mRNA in blood cells that were negative for all serum markers, who eventually developed clinical metastatic disease. The studies reported here are the first to correlate RT-PCR results for CEA mRNA in blood cells with one or more serum markers for patients with different stages of colorectal cancer, and are the first long-term longitudinal studies to use RT-PCR to detect CEA mRNA in blood cells of cancer patients. Larger cohorts will be required in future studies to define the impact, if any, of this technology on prognosis and/or disease monitoring.</ref><ref>Guller U, Disseminated single tumor cells as detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction represent a prognostic factor in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer, Ann Surg 2002 dec 236(6) 768, OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical relevance of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) detection of CEA and CK20 transcripts, as potentially related to tumor cell dissemination, in blood and peritoneal lavage from patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Dissemination of single colorectal cancer cells in the peritoneal cavity, as well as in tumor drainage and peripheral blood vessels, might play a role in the metastasis process, thus affecting the clinical course. However, this phenomenon needs further elucidation. METHODS: In a prospective study the authors evaluated the potential of qPCR in the detection of CEA and/or CK20 transcripts in the peritoneal lavage fluid and in the peripheral and mesenteric venous blood of 39 patients undergoing curative resection for colorectal cancer. Peritoneal lavage and peripheral blood was sampled before and after tumor resection; mesenteric venous blood was sampled from the major tumor-draining vein immediately before clamping. After RNA extraction and reverse transcription, qPCR was performed using specific cDNA primers and probes for CEA and CK20. The dichotomous results from the qPCR were used as a predictor along with other covariates in Cox proportional hazard regression models of long-term outcome (disease-free survival and overall survival). RESULTS: Of 39 patients, 11 were positive. The median follow-up at analysis was 31 months for all patients. The dichotomous qPCR covariate was significant, with P =.001 and.0035 for disease-free survival and overall survival, respectively, in the proportional hazard regression models with only qPCR. In seven patients, disseminated colorectal cancer cells were found in the peritoneal lavage fluid but not in blood specimens; five of these patients (71%) had recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that detection of mRNA coding for CEA and/or CK20 using qPCR has potential clinical utility as a prognostic marker and should be evaluated in larger clinical studies. Identification of patients at high risk for metastatic disease after curative resection of colorectal cancer might be improved by analyzing peritoneal lavage specimens in addition to blood samples. This is based on the observation that in more than half of qPCR-positive patients, disseminated colorectal cancer cells were detected in peritoneal lavage specimens but not in blood samples, and that 71% of them had recurrence.</ref><ref>Elshimali YI, The clinical significance of circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood, Diagn Mol Pathol 2006 15(4) 187, Tumors launch malignant cells into the circulation continuously. In early stages, the immune surveillance system eliminates these cells from the circulation, but at later times they may persist longer and be detected. The first recorded evidence of the presence of circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood of cancer patients was documented in 1869. Now, modern molecular biologic and cell sorting techniques make their detection and characterization more practicable. This review will consider the methods currently available for their detection and characterization, and the clinical implications of their presence in various malignant conditions.</ref><ref>Mejean A, Detection of circulating prostate derived cells in patients with prostate adenocarcinoma is an independent risk factor for tumor recurrence, J Urol 2000 june 163 (6) 2022, PURPOSE: To determine whether the presence of prostate-derived cells in the peripheral blood circulation is a marker of prostate cancer and to define the clinical impact of the test. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We tested the peripheral blood of 99 patients with prostate adenocarcinoma (PAC), 79 of them undergoing radical prostatectomy, and 92 controls (31 healthy volunteers, 50 patients with adenoma and 11 with prostatitis) using a highly controlled procedure including reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeted to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) mRNA. Patients were followed for 26 +/- 12 (range: 4 to 49) months. Forty tumor tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for expression of p53 and E-cadherin antigens. RESULTS: Thirty three (33%) patients with PAC and 2 (2%) controls scored positive (p <0.0001) for the test. Detection of circulating prostatic cells was associated with development of metastases (p <0. 001), with relapse (p <0.001) and with a serum PSA level at diagnosis higher than 15 ng./ml. (p = 0.009). The rate of development of metastases according to time was significantly higher in patients who scored positive for the test (p <0.04). In a multivariate analysis, only the RT-PCR test was an independent risk factor associated with relapse (RR: 6.7). Finally, E-cadherin expression was significantly lower in the tumor tissues of positive patients as compared with those who scored negative for the test (p <0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This RT-PCR procedure, performed at diagnosis and with appropriate controls, is a clinically useful assay in evaluating the risk of tumor recurrence after radical prostatectomy in patients with PAC.</ref><ref>Massimo Cristofanilli,Circulating Tumor Cells, Disease Progression, and Survival in Metastatic Breast Cancer, NEJM Vol 351 august 2004, http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/abstract/351/8/78</ref>. Often the PCT-technique is used known from the genetic fingerprints. A newer work (december 2007) by Mehmet Toner about an automat registering single cancer cells: <ref>*http://www.istitutoncologicoveneto.it/it/rassegna/2012/201207-02.pdf (nature medicine No 20 december 2007</ref>. Hamer instead believes that there were no studies showing these cancer cells in arterial blood, but this is false and irrelevant because the presence of isolated cancer cells in venous blood of the controlateral side of the tumors can't be explained either. Some articles (out of many) showing cancer cells in arterial blood are: <ref>Yoshihiro Hayata M.D, Significance of Carcinoma Cells in the Blood Relative to Surgery of Pulmonary Carcinoma, Chest 1964;46:51-60.)<br />
http://www.chestjournal.org/cgi/reprint/46/1/51</ref>, Yamaguchi <ref>Yamaguchi K, Ki-ras codon 12 point and P53 mutations: a molecular examination of the main tumor, liver, portal vein, peripheral arterial blood and para-aortic lymph node in pancreatic cancer, Am J Gastroenterol 2000 Aug 95(8),<br />
OBJECTIVE: Frequent P53 mutations and Ki-ras codon 12 point mutations have been reported in pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer often recurs in the liver and/or lymph nodes shortly after a surgical resection. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the occurrence of microcirculating cancer cells and micrometastasis in pancreatic cancer. METHODS: P53 mutations and Ki-ras codon 12 point mutations were examined in the main tumor, liver, portal vein, and peripheral arterial blood, and para-aortic lymph nodes of patients with pancreatic cancer using molecular examinations. RESULTS: P53 mutations in the main tumor were present in nine (29%) of 31 patients with pancreatic cancer, whereas a Ki-ras codon 12 point mutation was evident in 18 (62%) of 29 examined patients. The peripheral arterial and portal vein blood and liver were positive for gene abnormalities in one (5%) of 21, in none (0%) of 19, and in one (1%) of 20, respectively. A P53 mutation in the main tumor was evident in none (0%) of seven stage I or II carcinomas and in nine (38%) of 24 stage III or IV cases, whereas a Ki-ras codon 12 point mutation was present in four (67%) of six stage I or II cases and in 14 (61%) of 23 stage III or IV cases. In addition, 15 (71%) of 21 patients with gene abnormalities (Ki-ras codon 12 point and/or p53 mutation) in the main tumor showed lymph node metastasis at surgery, whereas five (42%) of 12 without gene abnormalities did not demonstrate lymph node metastasis. Two (29%) of six patients with gene abnormalities in the main tumor and without metastatic disease at surgery developed liver metastasis within 6 months after surgery, whereas all five (100%) without the gene abnormalities and metastatic disease at surgery did not develop the metastasis, with the sensitivity being 100%, specificity 44%, the predictive value of the positive test 36%, and the predictive value of the negative test 100%. Two patients who had gene abnormalities in the para-aortic lymph node were free from histopathological metastasis and these two patients developed para-aortic lymph node metastasis within 6 months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: A molecular examination of Ki-ras codon 12 and p53 mutations therefore enables us to predict, to some degree, the occurrence of liver and lymph node metastasis in pancreatic carcinoma.</ref> and Georgakoudi <ref>Georgakoudi I, In Vivo Flow Cytometry: A New Method for Enumerating Circulating Cancer Cells, Cancer Research 64, 5044-5047, August 1, 2004 http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/cgi/content/full/64/15/5044</ref>. See also: <ref>Jaakkola S, Vornanen T, Leinonen J et al, Detection of prostatic cells in peripheral blood: correlation with serum concentrations of prostate specific antigen. Clin. Chem. 41:182-6,1995.</ref>. Isolated cancer cells were also found in sputus, urine, sperma and stool <ref>Duffy M, Can molecular markers now be used for early diagnosis of malignancy?, Clin Chem 1995 Oct;41(10):1410-3<br />
Most of the presently available cancer markers are neither specific for malignancy nor allow early diagnosis. However, the recent elucidation of the molecular events occurring during tumorigenesis may provide new markers that are likely to be both specific for cancer and sensitive for early disease. The key molecules undergoing alterations during carcinogenesis are the cellular oncogenes and suppressor genes. Alterations in these genes can be detected in cells shed from malignant and premalignant lesions. Thus, mutant p53 genes have been found in urine from patients with bladder cancer, mutant ras genes in stools from patients with colorectal and pancreatic cancers, and both mutant p53 and ras genes in sputum from patients with lung cancer. These findings show that the genetic alterations in cancer can be detected in fluids or secretions that had contact with the malignant tissue. The preliminary studies, however, had small numbers of both patients and controls and used time-consuming, labor-intensive, and expensive assays. For routine applications, these assays must be simplified, automated, and tested for sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value.</ref>). Arterial-venous shunts did not influence metastasis formation: <ref>Tarin D, Clinicopathological observations on metastasis in man studied in patients treated with peritoneovenous shunts, Br Med J 1984 march 10,288(6419) 749<br />
Fourteen patients with inoperable cancer treated with peritoneovenous shunts for malignant ascites were studied post mortem. Clinical observations and findings at necropsy indicated that peritoneovenous shunting does not result in the establishment of clinically important haematogenous metastases and that metastases do not necessarily develop even when large numbers of viable tumour cells regularly enter the blood. Peritoneovenous shunting provides a unique opportunity for collecting data on the spread of tumours in man. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=1444638&blobtype=pdf</ref>, and cancer cells can move from the blood into tissue: <ref>Weiss L, Cell detachment and metastasis, Cancer Metastasis Rev 1983;2(2):111-27<br />
Cancer cell detachment in three distinct and critical parts of the metastatic cascade is discussed. The detachment of cancer cells from their parent tumors is an initial early event in metastasis. The site of detachment with respect to proximity to blood vessels may determine the initial dissemination route. Many factors affect cell detachment; we specifically consider the effects of growth-rate, necrosis, enzyme activity, and stress on cell release in terms of metastasis-promoting mechanisms. Detachment is also discussed in relation to active cancer cell locomotion, where localized detachment from the substratum is a prerequisite for translatory movement. The importance of active cell movement in tissue invasion has only recently been assessed, and, in the case of at least some human malignant melanomas, a zone of actively moving cancer cells is believed to precede the growing body of the tumor. The secondary release of cancer cells from temporary arrest sites at the vascular endothelium consequent upon intravascular dissemination is also a major area of investigation. Circulating cancer cells arrest at vascular endothelium or are impacted in small vessels, however, most are released into the circulation and subsequently perish. The blood stream is a hostile environment, and it is probable that cancer cells are sufficiently damaged in translocation by hemodynamic trauma and humoral factors such that they easily detach or are 'sheared-off' the vascular endothelium by blood flow. Another possibility is that in some cases they are processed by 'first organ encounters' and perish before or shortly after arriving in a second organ. Animal studies have shown that, following intravenous injection, 60-100% of the injected dose of viable cancer cells are initially arrested in the lungs, but very few remain after 24 hr. As it is only those retained cells which produce tumors, the mechanisms involved in this secondary release, which occurs in all organs so far examined, are critical to any understanding of the metastatic cascade and metastatic inefficiency. The arrest of cancer cells at the vascular endothelium and their subsequent release have been associated with the presence of platelets, and the deposition of fibrin and manipulation of platelet-aggregating mechanisms and fibrinolysis are discussed in terms of their antimetastatic effects. The role of the reticuloendothelial system, natural killer cells, and polymorphs is discussed in relation to cancer cell clearance from blood vessels and also to inherent cancer cell properties which may act to inhibit their metastasis. Although detachment of cancer cells from a primary tumor may be regarded as metastasis promoting, secondary release of cancer cells may be associated with inhibition of metastasis.</ref>, <ref>Nakamori S, Genetic detection of colorectal cancer cells in circulation and lymph nodes, Dis Colon Rectum 1997 40(10 sup) S29-36,<br />
PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to investigate the clinical implications of detection of genetic alterations in blood and lymph nodes in colorectal cancer patients. METHODS: The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction product of the cytokeratin gene in blood was examined as a cancer cell-specific expression in 35 colorectal cancer patients. The K-ras or p53 gene mutations in the lymph nodes histopathologically negative for metastasis were studied by the mutant-allele-specific amplification method in 26 colorectal cancer patients. RESULTS: The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay was able to detect a cytokeratin reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction product at a concentration from a single to ten colon cancer cells per 10(6) normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Cytokeratin reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction products were detected in nine patients' blood samples, although none of the samples were cytologically detectable. The blood's cytokeratin positivity correlated with the invasive mode of the tumor (P < 0.05) and the presence of distant metastasis (P < 0.01). Two (50 percent) of four patients whose blood was positive for cytokeratin had recurrences. Of 17 patients with the K-ras or p53 gene mutation in primary tumors, 9 (53 percent) had the corresponding mutations in lymph nodes. Mutation positivity in lymph nodes correlated with the presence of lymphatic invasion of the primary tumor (P < 0.05). All patients with mutation-negative lymph nodes remained disease-free for more than two years after surgery. CONCLUSION: Detection of cytokeratin reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction products in the blood and K-ras or p53 gene mutations in the lymph nodes histologically negative for metastasis may be applicable for clinical use, despite some limitations, and may serve as a useful clinical factor for stratifying patients who are at high or low risk for recurrence after surgery.</ref> and the number of circulating cancells is correlated positively with the probability of metastasis formation. In some particular cancer the metastasis formation is well known and obvious (Krukenberg cancer).<br />
*'''No brain tumors in New Nedicine:''' brain tumors simply do not exist in New Medicine, the theory eliminates them by definition. It was argued that nervous cells were not able to divide. Nobel price for Rita Levy-Montalcini (nerve growth factor) proves the opposite and so do scientific studies <ref>Eriksson PS, Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus, nature med 1998 Nov;4(11):1313-7<br />
The genesis of new cells, including neurons, in the adult human brain has not yet been demonstrated. This study was undertaken to investigate whether neurogenesis occurs in the adult human brain, in regions previously identified as neurogenic in adult rodents and monkeys. Human brain tissue was obtained postmortem from patients who had been treated with the thymidine analog, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), that labels DNA during the S phase. Using immunofluorescent labeling for BrdU and for one of the neuronal markers, NeuN, calbindin or neuron specific enolase (NSE), we demonstrate that new neurons, as defined by these markers, are generated from dividing progenitor cells in the dentate gyrus of adult humans. Our results further indicate that the human hippocampus retains its ability to generate neurons throughout life.</ref><ref>McKay R, Stem cells in the central nervous system, Science 1997 Apr 4;276(5309):66-71, In the vertebrate central nervous system, multipotential cells have been identified in vitro and in vivo. Defined mitogens cause the proliferation of multipotential cells in vitro, the magnitude of which is sufficient to account for the number of cells in the brain. Factors that control the differentiation of fetal stem cells to neurons and glia have been defined in vitro, and multipotential cells with similar signaling logic can be cultured from the adult central nervous system. Transplanting cells to new sites emphasizes that neuroepithelial cells have the potential to integrate into many brain regions. These results focus attention on how information in external stimuli is translated into the number and types of differentiated cells in the brain. The development of therapies for the reconstruction of the diseased or injured brain will be guided by our understanding of the origin and stability of cell type in the central nervous system.</ref><ref>Gage FH, Mammalian neural stem cells, Science 2000 Feb 25;287(5457):1433-8, Neural stem cells exist not only in the developing mammalian nervous system but also in the adult nervous system of all mammalian organisms, including humans. Neural stem cells can also be derived from more primitive embryonic stem cells. The location of the adult stem cells and the brain regions to which their progeny migrate in order to differentiate remain unresolved, although the number of viable locations is limited in the adult. The mechanisms that regulate endogenous stem cells are poorly understood. Potential uses of stem cells in repair include transplantation to repair missing cells and the activation of endogenous cells to provide "self-repair. " Before the full potential of neural stem cells can be realized, we need to learn what controls their proliferation, as well as the various pathways of differentiation available to their daughter cells. </ref>. Many different brain tumor develop also out of glial cells or other cells in the brain that are not neurons. The existence of brain tumors would disturb the iron rule in new medicine, that a conflict creates a so-calles DHS and determines a tumor in a brain-depending and handedness-depending organ.<br />
*'''Transmissible cancer in animals:''' in some animals, transmissible cancer can be found. This is of course not compatible with New Medicine doctrine. Some example are: CTVT in dogs <ref>*http://www.ivis.org/docarchive/A1233.0405.pdf </ref> <ref>Von Holdt BM, The singular history of a canine transmissible tumor, Cell, 2006 Aug 11;126(3):445-7, In this issue of Cell, Murgia et al. (2006) confirm that the infectious agent of canine transmissible venereal tumor is the cancer cell itself and that the tumor is clonal in origin.</ref><ref>Murgia C, Clonal origin and evolution of a transmissible cancer, Cell 2006 Aug 11;126(3):477-87, The transmissible agent causing canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is thought to be the tumor cell itself. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed genetic markers including major histocompatibility (MHC) genes, microsatellites, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in naturally occurring tumors and matched blood samples. In each case, the tumor is genetically distinct from its host. Moreover, tumors collected from 40 dogs in 5 continents are derived from a single neoplastic clone that has diverged into two subclades. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that CTVT most likely originated from a wolf or an East Asian breed of dog between 200 and 2500 years ago. Although CTVT is highly aneuploid, it has a remarkably stable genotype. During progressive growth, CTVT downmodulates MHC antigen expression. Our findings have implications for understanding genome instability in cancer, natural transplantation of allografts, and the capacity of a somatic cell to evolve into a transmissible parasite..</ref>, DFTD in Tasmania <ref>*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devil_facial_tumour_disease </ref>, and tumors riginating out of particular proteins of JSRV <ref>*http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/73/8/6964 </ref>. Work of Tanaka (1990) shows the experimental transmision of cancer from a mouse to another mouse: <ref>Yutaka Tanaka, Experimental Cancer Cachexia Induced by Transplantable Colon 26 Adenocarcinoma in Mice, Cancer Research 50, 2290-2295, April 15, 1990<br />
http://intl-cancerres.aacrjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/50/8/2290, The present study investigates a tumor model for cachectic mice. Among various murine transplantable tumors, used for assessing cytostatics, we identified colon 26 adenocarcinoma (colon 26) as capable of causing cachexia. Fifteen days after inoculation, the tumor grew to about 6% of the body weight causing substantial carcass weight loss of 3.4 g (14.5% of the carcass weight). When the tumor size was 2.7 g at 3 weeks after the inoculation, the carcass weight was 12 g less than the age-matched control. The tumor continued to grow while the mice maintained this weight, surviving for an average of 45 days. This extensive weight loss was essentially the wasting of adipose and muscle tissues. Hypoglycemia and hypercorticism occurred during the time of the weight loss. In addition, the colon 26 caused disorders of hepatic functions: the concentration of acute phase proteins in serum increased; the number of hepatic glucocorticoid-cytosol receptors decreased; and activities of hepatic catalase and drug-metabolizing enzymes decreased. On the other hand, noncachectic mice with Meth A fibrosarcoma gained weight, which was somewhat less than the control, and had neither hypoglycemia nor hypercorticism, although some mild disorders of hepatic functions were found. Mice bearing colon 26 is an appropriate model for elucidating the mechanism that causes cachexia.</ref>.<br />
<br />
==Role of morphine in New Medicine==<br />
Morphine (derived from opium) was invented about 200 years ago in 1804 by Friedrich Wilhelm Sertürner, after opium had been used for thousands of years. Morphine allowed a more exact dosage in pain relieving treatment. Hamer and his followers are convinced that the use of morphine (and similar drugs) were the cause of many cancer deaths. Morphine, however, is one of the most powerful analgetic drugs we know today and has no ceiling effect. Morphine can be easely dosed by a patient adding only the necessary number of drops to a beverage. Its side effects must be known by each medical student and they are well known since the invention in 1804. In Denmark, morphine consumption in the 80ies was known to be ten times higher than in Germany, without influencing cancer mortality (75 kg/1 milion persons/year instead of 7,5 kg), and in 2002, morphine consumption increased to 22 chili in Germania, while cancer mortality was decreasing. In Italy, consumption was 70 kg, 92 Kg in Denmark, in Austria 152 kg, UK 353 Kg and Hungary 577 Kg/1 mil./year.<br />
<br />
==Role of Pain==<br />
Pain, Hamer believes, should not be treated (see: [[Testimonies of former associates of Hamer]]). According to protagonists of the method, no opiates or opiate derivates should be administered as far as possible if chances for a cure are not to be practically eliminated. This can cause patients to endure extreme cancer pain unnecessarily on the assumption this was necessary for a cure (see: [[Victims of New Medicine]]).<br />
Moreover, if the cancer progresses, patients could suffer feelings of failure or guilt, because the Hamer method of «New Medicine» presumes that the cure for cancer depends upon the patients’ resolving their personal conflicts. This could give rise to the erroneous assumption that the disease will progress if they do not make a large enough contribution towards the resolution of their conflicts, or if they do not follow the proper procedure.<br />
<br />
==Handedness==<br />
[[image:handedness.jpg|600px|thumb|applause-test for handedness according to Hamer]]<br />
In new medicine, handedness is important as it determined the location of an eventual disease like cancer. But in relation to handedness in man, Hamer made many erroneous statements in obvious contrast to actual medical knowledge.<br />
<br />
*'''monozygotic twins and handness''': Hamer is convinced that in monozygotic twins one was always left-handed while the other was one right-handed, but he gives no exact reference for this opinion.<ref>[...] Interessant ist in dem Zusammenhang auch, daß bei eineiigen Zwillingen stets einer linkshändig und der andere rechtshändig ist [...] (from: http://www.neue-medizin.de/html/handigkeit.html)</ref><ref>Hamer RG: Vermächtnis einer Neuen Medizin. Teil 2. Die 5 Biologischen Gesetze - Grundlage der gesamten Medizin.. 7. Aufl. Amici di Dirk - Ediciones de la Nueva Medicina S.L., E-Fuengirola 1999 ISBN 84-930091-0-5</ref> This opinion can easily be checked and there exists scientific literature dealing with this issue. Incidence of left-handedness in singletons, monozygotic and dizygotic twins is around 10%-15%, and there is no source stating that left-handedness was exactly 50% in monozygotic twins.<ref>Derom, Handedness in twins according to zygosity and chorion type: a preliminary report Behav genet 1996 Jul;26(4):407<br><br />
In the course of the East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey (EFPTS), handedness was assessed as part of a genealogical study (Meulemans et al., 1995) in 1616 twins (808 twin pairs) aged 6 to 28. Our findings are that, in this large population-based study with known placentation and zygosity, the often observed higher frequency of left-handedness in twins is confirmed, that it appears to be independent of zygosity and chorion type, and that the belief that discordant handedness in monozygotic twins represents mirror-imaging is mythical.</ref> The autor Derom writes: ''[...] the belief that discordant handedness in monozygotic twins represents mirror-imaging is mythical [...]''.<ref>Shimizu A, Comparison of patterns of handedness between twins and singletons in Japan, Cortex 1983 Sep;19(3):345-52<br><br />
The handedness questionnaire of thirteen items which was identical to that employed in our previous study on singletons was administered to 62 monozygotic (MZ) and 48 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs in Japan. Information on forced conversion of hand usage in childhood was also obtained. Results indicated that the incidence of left-handedness was 3.6% and that of non-right-handedness (which includes mixed- and left-handedness) was 5.9%. There was no significant difference in the incidence of left-handedness or of non-right-handedness between MZ and DZ twin groups. The proportion of converted right-handedness in MZ twins was slightly higher than in DZ twins. MZ pairs were somewhat more concordant for handedness than DZ pairs. Item analysis indicated that the incidence of individuals who use the left hand for writing and eating was only 0.9% and 1.8%, respectively. A comparison of the results of the present survey on twins with those of our previous one on singletons revealed that the incidence of left-handedness or non-right-handedness in twins is the same as that in singletons. Twins (especially MZ twins) have experienced a forced conversion to right-hand usage more frequently than singletons.</ref><br />
*'''Hamerian applause-test and prayer-test'''. Hamer uses his own and controversial test for handedness, the so-called ''Applause test'' and a so-called ''Bet-Test'' (prayer-test). These simple tests have never been scientifically validated and have a pseudoscientific character. No information regarding these tests can be found in scientific databases. Using these tests, some New Medicine patients were attributed a conflicting handedness by different persons, creating some confusion. <br />
*'''Handedness and body side to cradle babies'''. Hamer is convinced that women and men would cradle their babies always on the opposite side of her dominant hand. A left-handed woman would therefore always hold her baby on the right side of her body. This is not true, and many scientific sources tell us something different. Men and women hold their baby mostly (80%) on their left side, regardless of handedness. This is also true for apes (primates). <ref>Salk L, The effects of the normal heartbeat sound on the behavior of the new-born infant: implications for mental health. World Mental Health 1960 12, 168-175</ref><ref>De Chateau, Left-side preference for holding and carrying newborn infants. Parental holding and carrying during the first week of life, J Nerv Ment Dis 1983 Apr;171(4):241-5,Four groups of adults were studied: new mothers, new fathers, fathers with older children, and males without children of their own. Nearly 80 per cent of all newly delivered mothers and fathers held their newborn infant against a point to the left of the body midline. Handedness and parity did not influence this preference, nor did the sex of the infant. The present study also demonstrates that new fathers during the neonatal period, as well as fathers with older infants, display a significantly greater preference for holding the infant to the left than males without own children and with or without experience of other children. Individual mother-father pairs held the infant on the same side of the body in the majority of couples studied. The pattern of infant-carrying showed no significant in-between group differences. The possible significance of these observations and their relation to other parental behavior are discussed.</ref><ref>Mason Giorgia, Why do humans and apes cradle babies on their left side? New Scientist, 21. July 1990, 28.</ref><ref>Sieratzki JS, Neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric perspectives on maternal cradling preferences, Epidemiol Psychiatr Soc 2002 Jul-Sep;11(3):170-6<br />
OBJECTIVE: To assess competing explanations for the universal preference of mothers to cradle infants on their left side and to propose a relation to hemispheric asymmetry for social attachment and communication behaviour. METHODS: A review of observational, experimental, physiological, psychological, neuro-physiological, and neuro-psychological studies, including new findings on the cradling behaviour of mothers with auditory or visual impairments. RESULTS: A significant left-cradling bias is observed in both right- and left-handed mothers which cannot adequately be explained by arguments based on handedness or closer contact to the soothing sound of the maternal heartbeat. Observations of primate behaviour have led to the suggestion that the left-cradling bias may be related to a left visual field (right hemisphere) advantage for monitoring an infant's facial expressions of distress. However, more than just monitoring, cradling subserves the mother's connection with the infant. For that reason, we have suggested that left cradling might be related to a right hemisphere specialisation for emotional communication, i.e. the speech melody, smiles, signals, and stroking which mothers use to interact with their infants. Studies of mother-infant interaction show that the sound of the mother's voice is more soothing when cradling on the left, more stimulating when cradling on the right. Cradling laterality may thus be related to emotional state and behavioural intent. There is also evidence to suggest that left cradling is linked to a special role of the right hemisphere in social attachment behaviour. This function may be disturbed in mothers with post-natal depression who show abnormal right hemisphere activity. CONCLUSION: Cradling embodies the symbiotic relationship between mother and infant; various lines of evidence support the suggestion that the universal preference of mothers to cradle infants on their left side is related to a right hemisphere dominance for social attachment and communication behaviour.</ref><ref>Bogren LY, Side preference in women and men when holding their newborn child: psychological background, Acta Psychiatr Scand 1984 Jan;69(1):13-23<br />
In a prospective study 81 randomly selected parents awaiting their first baby were interviewed early during pregnancy and again during the week after delivery. About 80% of the women and their partners were found to hold their child to the left, and 20% to the right, irrespective of handedness. There was no relation between side preference in child holding in the couples. Common to both sexes is the trend that left-holders are more attached to and identified with the parent of their own sex whereas right-holders are more attached to and identified with the parent of the opposite sex. Right-holders have also more often had mental symptoms prior to pregnancy and were concerned about the pregnancy, delivery and health of the child at birth.</ref><ref>Bogren LY, The couvade syndrome and side preference in child holding, Acta Psychiatr Scand 1985 Mar;71(3):311-4,In a prospective study of expectant couples 20% of the men suffered from the couvade syndrome. About 80% of both women and men hold their newborn infant to the left and 20% to the right, irrespective of handedness. Compared with others, men with the syndrome more frequently developed a right-side preference in child holding. Right-holding men more often had sons than daughters. Right-holders with the couvade syndrome were more often attached to and more closely identified with their mothers than were right-holding non-sufferers.</ref><ref>Ginsburg HJ, Maternal holding preferences: a consequence of newborn head-turning response, Child Dev 1979 Mar;50(1):280-1,<br />
Salk observed that in an overwhelming majority of cases (80%) mothers prefer to hold their infants across the left shoulder. This preference occurs over a diversity of cultures and is not related to the hand preference of the mother. Salk suggested a fetal imprinting to the sound of the heartbeat as the mechanism responsible for this phenomenon. While such speculation is intriguing, it is not scientifically testable. 2 experiments were performed to examine a more testable hypothesis. Results of these studies suggest that the initial head-turning preference of an infant is related to the holding preference of its mother.</ref><ref>Weiland JH, Patterns of mother-infant contact: the significance of lateral preference, J Genet Psychol 1970 117 157</ref><ref>Souza-Godeli MR, Lateral cradling preferences in children, Percept Mot Skills 1996 Dec;83(3 Pt 2):1421-2<br />
Lateral preferences for cradling a doll and for holding a package were investigated among children from 2- to 6-yr-old. Results showed a preference for holding a baby on the left side of the body in children as young as 3 yr. old. The data favour the hypothesis of an early emergence of this pattern of behavior in the human ontogenesis.</ref><ref>Lucas MD, Laterality of cradling in relation to perception and expression of facial affect, J Genet Psychol 1993 Sep;154(3):347-52.<br />
A dominant leftward cradling bias has been observed in women in non feeding interaction with infants. Reasons for this behavior have been sought in behavioral asymmetries, but none have sufficiently justified the presence of this leftward pattern. Recently, the cradling bias has been linked to affective processing, considered to be a specialized function of the nondominant (right) hemisphere (Manning & Chamberlain, 1990). This study investigates Manning and Chamberlain's (1990) suggestions that a relationship exists between leftward cradling and the interpretation and expression of affect. Eighty-six nulliparous women were tested for this relationship by correlating direction of cradling bias with visual field dominance for perception of facially expressed emotion and expression of affect. No significant relationship was found to directly support the hypotheses.</ref><ref>Harris LJ, Side preference in adults for holding infants: contributions of sex and handedness in a test of imagination, Brain Cogn 2000 Jun-Aug;43(1-3):246-52, Five hundred one right-handers (150 men, 351 women) and 53 left-handers (15 men, 38 women) were asked to imagine holding a young infant in their arms. Right-handers reported significant left-side biases--in 68% of the men and 73% of the women. For left-handers, side preferences were weaker, the left-side bias dropping to 47% for men and 60% for women, with neither figure different from chance. The results are discussed in the context of theory and research on the functional neuroanatomy of attention, emotional arousal, and the generation, maintenance, and manipulation of mental images.</ref><ref>Harris LJ, Lateral biases for holding infants: early opinions, observations, and explanations, with some possible lessons for theory and research today, Brain Cogn 2002 Mar-Apr;48(2-3):392-4, In 1962, the psychologist Lee Salk reported finding that 80% of mothers held their infants on the left side of their body, so that the infant's head was to their left. Salk's finding has been amply confirmed, with new studies of mothers as well as other adults reporting figures for left-side holding ranging from 60 to 85% (e.g., de Chateau, 1983; Harris & Fitzgerald, 1985; Harris, Almerigi, & Kirsch, 2000). New studies also suggest that the bias is only for holding infants (or infant dolls), not for books, packages, or other objects (e.g., Almerigi, Carbary, & Harris, 2001; Rheingold & Keene, 1965). The possibility that it is unique to infants (or their likenesses) is what gives it special interest for investigators who study laterality of function. The discovery of the bias is often credited to Salk, but it would be more accurate to say that he rediscovered it because it was first noted at least two hundred years earlier, then, evidently, forgotten, only to be rediscovered and again forgotten several times through the early decades of the twentieth century. Over this period, however, not all agreed that the preferred side was the left: a nearly equal number said it was the right. Each group also proposed explanations for why one or the other side was preferred. They also foresaw different consequences for the infant being held. In the 1980s, I briefly described some of the early reports in essays on the history of theories and research on laterality of function (Harris, 1980, 1983). A manuscript now in preparation provides a more comprehensive description and evaluation of these reports and suggests certain lessons they may hold for current theory and research. The poster proposed for TENNET XII will summarize the main points of this new review and analysis. The poster will be organized into 6 sections, with bulleted text accompanied by drawings, photographs, and other illustrations. The plan is to make the story as visual as possible.</ref> <ref>http://www.sussex.ac.uk/press_office/bulletin/13feb04/article1.shtml</ref><ref>Reissland N 2000 http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~psy215/dept/cradling%20bias%20in%20relation%20to%20child%20directed%20language%202000.pdf</ref>.<br />
<br />
'''Handedness''' was an object of research for a long time and is detected by particularly complex tests developed during the 1940ies, taking into account cultural influences <ref>Hardyk C Petrinovich LF, Left-handedness, Psycol Bull, 1977 May; 84(3):385-404</ref><ref>Perelle IB Ehrmann L, An international study of human handedness: the data, Behv Genet, 1994 May;24(3):217-27,<br />
Human handedness has been the subject of systematic study since 1646, but there is no agreement among researchers as to who can be considered a left-hander, what is the etiology of left-handedness, or what the proportion of left-handedness is in the world's population. This article reports the results of a handedness survey administered to 12,000 subjects in 17 countries, the largest handedness survey attempted. The paper discusses methods for determining handedness, the probability of a genetic component for handedness, and the relationship of sex, birth order, multiple birth, and first-degree relative's handedness on subject's handedness. A hypothesis for the etiology of left-handedness is presented.</ref><ref>Raymond M, Frequency-dependent maintenance of left handedness in humans, Proc Biol Sci, 1996 Dec 22;263(1377):1627-33,<br />
The percentage (10-13%) of left handedness in human has apparently not changed since the Neolithic. Left handedness is heritable and appears to be repeatedly associated with some reduced fitness components; the persistence of left handedness implies that left handers have a fitness advantage in some situations. We propose that left handers have a frequency-dependent advantage in fights and for that reason a fitness advantage. To test this hypothesis, left handedness frequencies in the general population and in sporting individuals (both students and the sporting elite) have been compared, as sporting performance is likely to be a good indicator of fighting abilities. The higher proportion of left-handed individuals in interactive sports (reflecting some fighting elements), reaching 50% in some sports categories, but not in noninteractive sports, is consistent with the fighting hypothesis. The greater frequency of left handedness in males than in females is also consistent with this hypothesis, as male-male fights are universally more frequent than other combinations. The frequency-dependent advantage in fights of left handers might explain the stability of left handedness.</ref><ref>Medland SE, Special twin environments, genetic influences and their effects on the handedness of twins and their siblings, Twin Res 2003 Apr;6(2):119-30,<br />
It has been suggested that twinning may influence handedness through the effects of birth order, intra-uterine crowding and mirror imaging. The influence of these effects on handedness (for writing and throwing) was examined in 3657 Monozygotic (MZ) and 3762 Dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs (born 1893-1992). Maximum likelihood analyses revealed no effects of birth order on the incidence of left-handedness. Twins were no more likely to be left-handed than their singleton siblings (n = 1757), and there were no differences between the DZ co-twin and sibling-twin covariances, suggesting that neither intra-uterine crowding nor the experience of being a twin affects handedness. There was no evidence of mirror imaging; the co-twin correlations of monochorionic and dichorionic MZ twins did not differ. Univariate genetic analyses revealed common environmental factors to be the most parsimonious explanation of familial aggregation for the writing-hand measure, while additive genetic influences provided a better interpretation of the throwing hand data.</ref><ref>Searleman A,''Laterality in twins: the relationship between handedness and hemispheric asymmetry for speech'', Behav Genet. 1978 Jul;8(4):349</ref><ref>Reiss M, Laterality in twins,Z. Morphol Anthropol. 1996 Sep;81(2):14,<br />
The literature on twins and laterality is reviewed: Both monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic twins (DZ) show a low concordance in all functional and morphological asymmetries. The proportions of R-R, R-L and L-L pairs in MZ twins and in DZ twins are in binomial distribution. The incidence of left-handedness is the same in MZ twins and DZ twins, but higher than in singletons. Other laterality signs do not show this tendency. The whole issue of twinning is as yet unresolved, yet it is clear already that no simple genetic model for the inheritance can be applied. The present review discusses three genetic models and associated problems with each. The overall tendency to a higher rate of left-handedness in twins could be due to such pathological factors (associated with twinning) as intrauterine crowding and perinatal stress, but is not due to so-called "mirror imaging"-phenomena in twins.</ref><ref>Derom, Handedness in twins according to zygosity and chorion type: a preliminary report Behav genet 1996 Jul;26(4):407<br />
In the course of the East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey (EFPTS), handedness was assessed as part of a genealogical study (Meulemans et al., 1995) in 1616 twins (808 twin pairs) aged 6 to 28. Our findings are that, in this large population-based study with known placentation and zygosity, the often observed higher frequency of left-handedness in twins is confirmed, that it appears to be independent of zygosity and chorion type, and that the belief that discordant handedness in monozygotic twins represents mirror-imaging is mythical.</ref><ref>Coren S Porac C, Fifty centuries of right-handedness: the historical record, Science 1977 Nov 11;198(4317):631-2<br />
A survey of more than 5000 years of art work, encompassing 1180 scorable instances of unimanual tool or weapon usage, revealed no systematic trends in hand usage. The right hand was used in an average of 93 percent of the cases, regardless of which historical era or geographic region was assessed.</ref><ref>Peter Hepper, Signaling right from the womb, Belfast 2004 New Scientist 2457, pag 13, 24 July 2004 [http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn6186]</ref><br />
<br />
==Hamer and Radiology==<br />
[[image:Ct-artefact.jpg|CT ring artefact presented by Hamer as a ''Hamer focus''|300px|thumb]]<br />
See also: [[Hamer-Focus]] article<br><br />
Hamer bases his diagnoses on a particular interpretation of brain scans using exclusively computer tomography mixed with his obscure and never validated proprietary handedness tests. CT-diagnostics is crucial in New Medicine to detect so-called ''Hamer foci''. His particular interpretation is not compatible with actual knowledge in radiology. The Swiss Study Group for Complementary and Alternative Methods in Cancer writes: ''[...] The «Hamer foci» on the CT images in Hamer׳s books have been identified by radiological experts as typical artefacts produced by the radiological device which can appear in a poor-quality CT scan [...]''<ref>Swiss Study Group for Complementary and Alternative Methods in Cancer, SCAC. ''Hamer's «New Medicine»'' Document No. 01/02. [http://www.swisscancer.ch/dt_fr/content/orange/pdf/skak/01_02_hamer_e.pdf]</ref> and the author Ventegodt adds: ''[...] The concentric circles in the Hamer focus, shown on the front page of his book[1], looks like an artefact and very little as a biological phenomena, which in humans are almost never seen as concentric circles [...]''.<ref>http://www.thescientificworldjournal.com/headeradmin/upload/2005.03.16.pdf</ref><br />
<br />
Hamer believes that a sudden shock-like onset of unforeseen (and overwhelming) emotional conflicts experienced alone would lead to a ''Dirk-Hamer-Syndrome'' (DHS), which immediately, within a fraction of a second, produces a «cancer or cancer equivalent in an organ». He postulates that every emotional process will take place synchronously in the brain, in the «organic brain» and in the organ. He adds that the tumours are allegedly controlled by the part of the brain that is ontogenetically connected with the organ in question. Hamer calls this the «ontogenetic system of tumours». In the brain, the so-called biological conflict is said to give rise to the development of a Hamer focus. By this, Hamer means particular configurations in CT brain scans which are shaped like a shooting target, and that ''had never been seen by radiologists before'', the non-radiologist Hamer adds. He claims that the locations of the Hamer foci and their degree of severity correlate to the organs affected, the underlying ''biological conflict'', and the ''phase'' of the conflict.<br />
<br />
Many brain-scans presented by Hamer in his books and elsewhere, clearly show well-known ring-artefacts in radiology. Some of theses ring-artifacts can be seen on the front page of Hamer's books, and on the front page of other publications of his followers. <br />
<br />
Professor Maximilian Reiser (university of Munich) and president of German radiologists (Deutsche Röntgengesellschaft) was presented with some CT brain-scans taken from a book of Hamer's.<ref>Vermächtnis einer Neuen Medizin</ref> Reiser wrote in an expert opinion the day 22, January, 2007: <ref>http://www.promed-ev.de/modules/news/article.php?storyid=105</ref><br />
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''expert opinion of Prof.&nbsp;Dr.&nbsp;med. Dr.&nbsp;h.c. Maximilian Reiser, Director of the Institute of Radiology for Clinical Radiology of the Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, President of Deutsche Röntgengesellschaft.''<br />
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''I confirm that the brain-scans presented in the "work" of Mr.&nbsp;Hamer have been interpreted in a completely inappropriate way by the author and are in clear conflict to scientifically justified knowledge and experience. An argumentative discussion with the content of Hamer's theories and the related interpretations of the brain scans in my opinion is not possible or goal-leading because Mr.&nbsp;Hamer is moving in a hermetically closed ambience of ideas and refuses any criticism as the expression of an arrogant "scientific medicine". I would like to confirm your corrections made in respect of some CT findings.''<br />
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''You may of course quote this opinion as the opinion of the President of "Deutsche Röntgengesellschaft"'' <br />
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''Sincerely, M.&nbsp;Reiser" ''<br />
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A single CT-scan produces a dose of radiation. A single CT brain-scan corresponds to about 4&nbsp;mSv and corresponds approximately to the annual dose of radiation a person receives from any other source (natural and man-made).<br />
<br />
==Invention of the New Medicine in 1981==<br />
Some time after the death of his son Dirk Hamer (see his [[Ryke Geerd Hamer|biography]]), he began to believe that any disease, most notably cancer, was not dangerous in itself, but merely a biological symptom of a psychological conflict situation that he calls biological conflict. The loss of his son Dirk led Hamer to invent his "New Medicine" in autumn 1981, while living in Germany. According to Hamer, the shock of the death of his son caused him to develop testicular cancer within two months after the event and also caused breast cancer in his wife Sigrid. His wife was cured by Hamer and was his first patient, she died in 1985, however, after having refused any conventional cure by modern medicine.<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Victims of New Medicine]]<br />
*[[Testimonies of former associates of Hamer]]<br />
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==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Germanische_Neue_Medizin Germanische Neue Medizin]<br />
*francsais: [http://www.psiram.com/fr/index.php?title=Nouvelle_M%C3%A9decine_Germanique Nouvelle Médecine Germanique]<br />
*italiano: [http://www.psiram.com/it/index.php?title=Nuova_Medicina_Germanica Nuova Medicina Germanica]<br />
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==References==<br />
<references/><br />
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==Links==<br />
*http://www.swisscancer.ch/dt_fr/content/orange/pdf/skak/01_02_hamer_e.pdf<br />
*http://www.healthwatcher.net/Quackerywatch/New-Medicine/index.html<br />
*http://www.deathsect.com/<br />
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[[category:GNM]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Ryke_Geerd_Hamer&diff=929Ryke Geerd Hamer2011-02-23T09:26:39Z<p>Pamela: /* External Links */</p>
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<div>[[image:Hamer2.jpg|Ryke Geerd Hamer|thumb]]<br />
'''Ryke Geerd Hamer''' (born 1935) is a physician barred from practising medicine in Germany. In 1981 he started a controversial, pseudo-scientific alternative medicine that he first called New Medicine and later [[Germanic New Medicine]] (a registered trademark).<br />
<br />
Hamer has been prosecuted for the illegal practice of medicine in several European countries. He now (2008) lives in Norway. In an interview dated September 2007, he mentioned he fled from Spain to Norway in order to escape a warrant for his arrest from Germany, for incitement of hatred against a minority of the population (article 130 of the German criminal code). Hamer made numerous public anti-semitic statements in open letters and on web pages and accused an ''international Jewish conspiracy'' (in particular the New York based B’nai B’rith) of having killed two billion people by hiding the truth about New Medicine. In a fax, his lawyer Koch stated that the fax number +47&nbsp;33&nbsp;464950, which belongs to a person in southern Norway (Sandefjord), was Hamer's. In May 2008, Hamer said in an open letter that his postal address in Norway was the same as his publishing company address in Sandefjord, ''Germanische Neue Medizin Forlag Dr.&nbsp;Hamer'' in ''Sandkollveien&nbsp;11, N-3229&nbsp;Sandefjord''.<ref>GERMANISCHE NEUE MEDIZIN FORLAG DR.&nbsp;HAMER. SANDKOLLVEIEN&nbsp;11, 3229&nbsp;SANDEFJORD. Innehaver: HAMER RYKE GEERD. Telefon: +47&nbsp;33&nbsp;522133. Telefax: +47&nbsp;33&nbsp;522134. [http://www.pilhar.com/Hamer/Korrespo/2008/20080520_Hamer_an_Kaiser.htm]</ref><br />
<br />
==Biography==<br />
[[image:Hamer10.jpg|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Hamer1.jpg|thumb]]<br />
The internet lists many different biographies of Hamer's, showing evident differences. This article only refers to data taken from different court papers of Hamer's trials and law suits, articles published in newspapers, radio and TV broadcasts and several statements from people who formerly worked with Hamer. Hamer's own statements differ significantly from information in courts' records.<br />
<br />
Ryke Geerd Hamer was born May&nbsp;17, 1935 in Mettmann (Germany), as the third of four brothers. Hamer, however, claims he has five siblings. His mother was of Italian origin. He grew up in a north-western part of Germany called Ostfriesland where he lived in the house of his grandfather until the age of&nbsp;7. The name of his father is perhaps Heinrich Hamer. Heinrich Hamer was a Protestant pastor in Meschede from 1945 to 1969. In his book Einer gegen Alle ("One against All") Hamer said his father's name was Heinz. Hamer finished high school in Krefeld and studied theology and medicine in Tübingen and Erlangen (Germany). Hamer said he studied theology for 8&nbsp;terms and became magister theol. He also studied medicine and finished this course of studies on April&nbsp;10, 1962, after 12&nbsp;terms, and therefore could not have worked as physician earlier than that date (see court files). In 1963, he was granted a professional license as a doctor of medicine at the age of&nbsp;28; his doctoral thesis deals with an ophthalmological topic that has nothing to do with his later inventions and ideas. The publication date of his doctoral thesis can be retrieved at the Deutsche Bibliothek where the thesis is stored. Hamer and some of his followers state he was allegedly Germany's youngest physician. Hamer allegedly also attended some lectures in physics, but he never finished this course of studies and therefore cannot be considered a physicist or to have a good knowledge in physics. In Tübingen he met Sigrid Oldenburg, a medical student who became his wife in 1956 and who also became a physician. In February 1972, after 10&nbsp;long years (the usual time for specialization in Germany is only 5&nbsp;years), Hamer completed his specialization in internal medicine. He never held positions as a head physician or head of a clinic department, as Hamer claims without any proof. He was not a psychiatrist, gynaecologist, radiologist or oncologist, as some people state on different web pages in the internet or publish in several books. He was never a lecturer or professor. His attempts to become a professor failed as the university of Tübingen did not accept his lecture qualification ''Das Dirk-Hamer-Syndrom und die eiserne Regel des Krebses'' in 1982 for quality reasons, after having examined it. Hamer then worked in several private practices together with his wife from 1964 to 1986 and opened at least three private clinics lead by himself to experiment his New Medicine on cancer patients. In 1972, Hamer moved to Hamburg where he tried to conclude a real-estate deal which failed however. Details are reported in an article of the magazine Stern: ''[...] between 1967 and 1976 he [Hamer] and his wife Sigrid, also a physician, work in the area of Heidelberg, with the exception of a short period in Hamburg [...] in 1972, Hamer moved to Hamburg-Blankenese. From now on he called himself ''Hamer von Fumetti'' and planned to convert an old villa into appartments. But he did not have sufficient financial means and a court forbade his use of the name ''von Fumetti''. The former ''Sir von Fumetti'' returned to Heidelberg with considerable debts and opened another practice [...]<ref>article in ''Stern'' date November&nbsp;24, 1983</ref><br />
In 1976 Hamer was required to return his accreditation for payments by the ''kassenärztliche Vereinigung Nordbaden'' as there were ''financial irregularities''. During the same year, he moved to Weiterstadt where he obtained a credit of 70,000&nbsp;DM (35.000&nbsp;Euro) from the Weiterstadt municipality to arrange his practice. But Hamer never opened that practice and according to Stern magazine, he also did not pay back the credit, moving to Italy instead. In 1978, his wife returned her KÄV-accreditation, too. During that period, Hamer patented several inventions. Hamer invented an electric scalpel (''Hamer scalpel''), an electrically powered chainsaw for bones, a particular couch for patients, and an injection technique. His inventions met with no economic success, on the contrary: they created new financial problems. German company Kienzle tried to market the Hamer scalpel but later discovered that this device caused severe tissue damage when used in curves. Kienzle and Hamer's creditors insisted on his returning monies paid in advance and demanded a declaration of bankruptcy. Hamer therefore left Germany in 1978 and moved to Rome (via Cassia 1280 and via Margutta). According to the sentence of the court OVG Koblenz in 1990, Hamer had 39&nbsp;entries in the public list of German debtors.<br />
<br />
==The Dirk Hamer Incident==<br />
[[image:dirkbirgithamer.jpg|Dirk Hamer in hospital with sister Birgit|left|thumb]]<br />
[[image:cavallo2.jpg|Cavallo island|300px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:VE1.jpg|Vittorio Emanuele|thumb]]<br />
According to rumours, Hamer's son Dirk was expelled from Italy for ''resitance to authorities''. On August&nbsp;17, 1978, Dirk was shot in the leg while sleeping under deck on a yacht near the island of Corsica (Cavallo Island, France). Dirk Hamer was not the intended target, according to witnesses, the target was in fact Roman ''playboy doctor'' Nicky Pende (son of the doctor of the shooting person who later befriended Hamer's daughter Birgit, a wellknown film actress). The bullet traveled across an anchored boat and finally perforated the external hull of a second motor-yacht where Dirk Hamer slept. The M1 rifle bullet was shot in the night by Italian aristocrat Vittorio Emanuele (son of Italy's last king Umberto&nbsp;II) who was drunk. He was upset because someone used his inflatable tender without asking his permission. It was the son of his private physician who used this tender to return to his boat after a visit to a local restaurant. Vittorio Emanuele had dinner at the same restaurant, sitting at a neighbouring table. Dirk Hamer was hospitalized very late, first at a small Corsican clinic, later at a clinic in Marseille where one leg was amputated. After a protracted medical course in Marseille and Heidelberg, Dirk Hamer died in Heidelberg on December&nbsp;7, 1978. Hamer&nbsp;Sr had Dirk transported from Marseille to a clinic in Heidelberg against the explicit wish of the competent French surgeons in Marseille. On August&nbsp;18, 1991, the Paris Assize Court ruled Vittorio Emanuele not guilty of homicide, he was only convicted of the illegal possession of a rifle and sentenced to six months. When he was incarcerated in June 2006 (many years later) on charges of corruption, Vittorio Emanuele's voice was recorded by a bug hidden in his cellar. In the recording Emanuele admitted in reference to the death of Dirk Hamer "[...] I was in the wrong, [...] but I must say I fooled them [the French judges] [..]". After his son's death, Hamer in newspaper articles declared Vittorio Emanuele had allegedly offered him 2&nbsp;million&nbsp;DM (1&nbsp;million&nbsp;Euro, about 1,5&nbsp;million&nbsp;USD) to avoid any further legal proceedings. Later he declared that as much as 10&nbsp;million&nbsp;DM were offered to him. But in reality, the two families decided on a payment of only 500,000&nbsp;FF (french francs - which is much less) of which Vittorio Emanuele paid only 200,000&nbsp;DM (100,000&nbsp;Euro) and argued the intervention of the father to hospitalize his severely injured son in Germany was the real cause of his death.<br />
Emanuele's wife, Princess Marina Doria, in an article of magazine Stern claimed that in case the families had agreed on a payment of 2&nbsp;million&nbsp;DM, Hamer would have asked his daughter Birgit (who was present in Corsica as a witness) to make a legal statement in favour of Vittorio Emanuele during the prosecution. In 2006, Hamer came up a very strange statement in relation to his son's death: now his son had been killed in 1978 because of Hamer's inventing New Medicine (which occurred only three years later) and he considered his son to be an innocent victim of a complot against his pseudo-medical doctrine.<br />
<br />
==Hamer's Testicular Cancer==<br />
Two months after his son's death, Hamer self diagnosed testicular cancer which was cured conventionally by a surgical intervention in a clinic in Tübingen. According to Hamer, the ''shock'' of his son's death caused him to develop testicular cancer within only '''two months after''' the event, and also to have caused breast cancer with his wife Sigrid. His wife was allegedly cured by Hamer using his New Medicine and thus became his ''first patient'', as Hamer claims in one of his books. She died in 1985, however, after having refused any conventional cure by modern medicine, New Medicine was not able to help her.<br />
<br />
==Invention of New Medicine and first years of experiments with cancer patients==<br />
[[image:Rosenhof.jpg|300px|Hamer-clinic ''Sanatorium Rosenhof'' in Bad Krozingen|thumb]]<br />
The loss of his son Dirk led Hamer to invent his "New Medicine" in autumn 1981, after his return to Germany. He presented his invention in German and Italian television in October 1981. His son Dirk still today plays an important role as Hamer claims to receive spiritually transmitted messages from his son in his dreams. His son confirmed his results, Hamer later said in one of his books, and urged him to continue research of New Medicine and to publish the results. Later he considered his son to be the real inventor of New Medicine.<ref>[...] In der Nacht hatte ich einen Traum: Mein Sohn DIRK, von dem ich oft träumte und mit dem ich im Traum beratschlagte, erschien mir im Traum, lächelte sein gutmütiges Lächeln, wie er oft zu lächeln pflegte, und sagte: "Das, was Du gefunden hast Geerd ist richtig, ist vollständig richtig, ich kann es Dir sagen, weil ich jetzt mehr weiß als Du, Du hast es klug herausgefunden [...] Du kannst es jetzt alles zusammen auf meine Verantwortung veröffentlichen, ich verspreche Dir, Du wirst Dich nicht blamieren, denn es ist die Wahrheit! [...] Ich war nun beruhigt und von da ab felsenfest davon überzeugt, dass das DIRK-HAMER-SYNDROM zutreffend sei [...] In der folgenden Nacht träumte ich wieder und ich sprach im Traum wieder mit meinem Sohn DIRK. Er lobte mich und sagte: "Donnerwetter, Geerd, das hast Du aber rasch herausgefunden, sehr gut hast Du das gemacht." Wieder wachte ich auf, war mit einem Schlage vollständig überzeugt von der Richtigkeit meiner Ergebnisse [...] Ich habe einer Reihe von Menschen, schon damals gleich, und auch später, von meinen Träumen erzählt und gesagt, dass ich im Grunde meinen Sohn DIRK für den Entdecker der EISERNEN REGEL DES KREBS halte [...] Wer weiß, ob ich mich getraut hätte, weiterzugehen, wenn mein DIRK mir nicht im Traum die Sicherheit gegeben hätte, dass es richtig ist, was ich gefunden habe [...]</ref> During the same month of October 1981, Hamer presented a written habilitation lecture with the title ''Das Dirk-Hamer-Syndrom und die eiserne Regel des Krebses'' (the Dirk-Hamer syndrome and iron rule of cancer) to the University of Tübingen. This lecture was then scrutinized by two professors. On May&nbsp;4 1982, this habilitation lecture was unanimously rejected by a board of professors (0&nbsp;votes in favor to 150&nbsp;against) due to ''mangelnder Wissenschaftlichkeit und fehlenden Belege'' (lack of scientific quality and lack of references/proofs).<ref>[..] In den Sitzungen des Habilitationsausschusses der Medizinischen Fakultät der Beklagten am 8.12.1981 und 19.1.1982 wurde Prof.&nbsp;Dr. Schrage - Frauenklinik - und Prof.&nbsp;Dr. Wilms - Medizinische Klinik, Abteilung Innere Medizin - beauftragt, über die eingereichte Arbeit ein Fachgutachten zu erstellen. Am 2.2.1982 erstattete Prof.&nbsp;Dr. Schrage sein Gutachten. Darin ist ausgeführt, dass Form und Methodik der Arbeit den Grundregeln einer Habilitationsschrift nicht entsprechen. Der Kläger entwickle seine Ansichten nicht sachlich und prägnant, sondern der Stil der Arbeit sei geprägt durch persönlich-emotionale Momente. Auch nehme er keinerlei Bezug auf die vorhandene umfangreiche Literatur. Die Anschauungen des Klägers seien auch als Spekulation nicht zu akzeptieren. Auch der Zweitgutachter Prof.&nbsp;Dr. Wilms legte in seinem Gutachten vom 11.3.1982 dar, dass Form und methodisches Vorgehen des Klägers in seiner Arbeit nicht den Regeln einer wissenschaftlichen Publikation entsprechen. Eine Auseinandersetzung mit der Literatur zu den Entstehungstheorien des Krebses fehle vollständig. Der Kläger äußere sich ohne sachliche Argumentation entweder polemisch oder sensitiv als Außenseiter der sogenannten Schulmedizin. Eine wissenschaftlichen Kriterien genügende, reproduzierbare Darstellung der Methodik insbesondere bei der Auswahl des Krankengutes und der Durchführung der Patientengespräche fehle ebenfalls vollständig. Die Nomenklatur des Klägers erwecke in vielen Bereichen den Eindruck einer Pseudowissenschaftlichkeit. Der vom Kläger postulierte zeitliche Zusammenhang zwischen Konflikt und Krebsentstehung sei an keinem der vom Kläger dargestellten Beispiele schlüssig nachgewiesen. Zusammenfassend ist der Gutachter der Auffassung, dass der Fakultät die Annahme der Arbeit als Habilitationsleistung nicht empfohlen werden könne, da diese an gravierenden formalen, methodischen und sachlichen Mängel leide. Am 4.5.1982 lehnte der Habilitationsausschuss der Medizinischen Fakultät nach Bekanntgabe der Gutachten und abschließender Diskussion einstimmig die Anerkennung der eingereichten Arbeit des Klägers als Habilitationsleistung ab [...]</ref> According to the University of Tübingen, Hamer's work was not objective but influenced by ''personal momentum''. The work presented no references to formerly published work and had qualities ''of a pseudo-science''. His work was not presented in a way to be validated later, says the evaluation of the University of Tübingen.<br />
<br />
In 1982 Hamer returned to Germany and opened a private clinic in Bad Krozingen. The clinic's name was ''Sanatorium Rosenhof'' and Hamer was the only physician present. He did not want to wait any longer to experiment his New Medicine on cancer patients. But New Medicine proved a desaster for cancer patients: after the clinic had been closed by authorities, two journalists were able to identify fifty former cancer patients of Sanatorium Rosenhof and established that only&nbsp;7 of them survived. They published a report in a critical newspaper article.<ref>article "Der Stern" November&nbsp;24, 1983, authors: Teja Fiedler and Cordt Schnibben. Facsimile: [http://www.ariplex.com/agb/a70205/stern_1.jpg][http://www.ariplex.com/agb/a70205/stern_2.jpg][http://www.ariplex.com/agb/a70205/stern_3.jpg][http://www.ariplex.com/agb/a70205/stern_4.jpg] [http://www.ariplex.com/agb/a70205/stern_5.jpg] [http://www.ariplex.com/agb/a70205/stern.htm]</ref><br />
<br />
In 1983, Hamer opened another illegal private clinic called ''Haus Dammersmoor'' in Gyhum near Bremen (Lower Saxony) at Dammersmoorerweg&nbsp;17, where he once again was the only physician present. This clinic, too, was to be closed by authorities. Hamer years later claimed that ''some of his patients'' died in his clinic due to ''critical'' newspaper articles about him and his clinic.<br />
<br />
On April&nbsp;12 1985, his wife Sigrid died of breast cancer. During the same year, Hamer told a nurse in a conversation in one of his clinics (Katzenelnbogen) that his wife did not believe in his methods and she died because of her scepticism (see: [[Testimonies_of_former_associates_of_Hamer]]). In one of his books,<ref>Hamer RG: book ''Krebs - Krankheit der Seele, page&nbsp;28 (cancer - disease of the soul)</ref> Hamer mentions the fatal disease of his wife in a very different way: ''[...] by the way, the first patient that I was able to cure after finding the IRON RULE OF CANCER was my wife who had a node in her left breast, but we knew the conflict, namely having been evicted from the appartment in via Margutta [Rome], the appartment belonged to the cousin of the murderer [Vittorio Emanuele]. But we also knew the therapy. My wife is the most intelligent person I ever saw. She understood, and she recovered. The conflict was resolved. The node regressed [...]'' A French website making propaganda for New Medicine even speaks about five consecutive cancer diseases of Hamer's wife.<br />
[[image:Katzenelnbogen.jpg|Hamer-clinic in Katzenelnbogen|300px|thumb]]<br />
In August 1985, Hamer opened another private and illegal cancer clinic as a ''boarding house'' in the town of Katzenelnbogen near Koblenz (county of Rhein-Lahn-Kreis). Hamer was not authorized to treat patients. The name of this clinic was ''Freunde von Dirk'' (friend of Dirk). This clinic was also closed by authorities after 5&nbsp;months, and outrageous circumstances in that clinic were discovered by autorities after two external physicians made a complaint. Neighbours of the clinic were alarmed by persons screaming or crying whom they saw at the windows and offered food to the patients (unconfirmed information from witnesses in an internet forum). Hamer again was the only physician in that clinic and often left patients alone for days without giving contact information like telephone numbers, or naming a replacing physician. He went to France several times in order to collect financial donations from a French sponsor (Antoine D'&nbsp;Oncieu de la Batie / ASAC). In this clinic many patients from European countries and Germany died, were sent home or sent to other hospitals just short time prior to their death. One patient even died during transport to another clinic. Surrounding clinics then refused to accept further dying patients from Katzenelnbogen. According to three women who worked there in 1985 and were interviewed in 2007 (see: [[Testimonies_of_former_associates_of_Hamer]]), no patient was cured there, and almost every patient died. During this period of time, Hamer presented pictures of X-rays from patients to the media to prove the effectivity of his New Medicine. However: some of these patients did not survive the treatment according to New Medicine. TV broadcast Panorama (ARD) and magazine ''Spiegel'' instead presented photos of their graves.<br />
<br />
==Revocation of Hamer's Licence to Practice Medicine==<br />
[[image:Burgau.jpg|old castle Burgau (Austria)|250px|thumb]]<br />
At the end of 1985, Hamer was sued by two physicians because of the scandalous conditions in his Freunde-von-Dirk-Hamer clinic in Katzenelnbogen and the Department of Criminal Investigations confiscated material during a house search of that clinic which was then closed by authorities. Hamer moved to Köln (Cologne) in March 1986 and the district court of Cologne revoked his medical licence on April&nbsp;8, 1986.<ref>case file number Az 9 K /215/87</ref> The sentence of the Cologne district court was based on article&nbsp;5 of the German Bundesärzteordnung and on two psychiatric expertises by Professor B.&nbsp;Pflug (University of Frankfurt) dated November&nbsp;27, 1985 and February&nbsp;2, 1986. Under German law the right to practise medicine can be withdrawn if the doctor's mental abilities have diminished. In an appeal court sentence of the district court sentence of Koblenz which was published, the reasons can be seen in German language: <ref>[...] für den Entzug der Approbation ausschließlich die besondere Persönlichkeitsstruktur des Klägers (Hamer) und nicht ein Festhalten an der Theorie von der Eisernen Regel des Krebs gewesen sei [...] Maßgebend ist – dies sei im Hinblick auf den Inhalt der Berufungsschrift noch einmal betont – nicht, dass der Kläger „nicht unbestrittene naturwissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse“ anwendet und verbreitet, sondern mit welcher Grundeinstellung und wie er dies tut [...]</ref><ref>Landesprüfungsamt Hessen am 10.8.07 an Hamer: [...] Sie aufgrund Ihrer wahnähnlichen Gewissheit, dass Ihre wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse unantastbar seien, nicht mehr in der Lage waren, Ihr praktisches ärztliches Handeln an der Hinsicht in die ärztlichen Gegebenheiten auszurichten [...]</ref>. The court sentence of 1986 was reconfirmed in 2003. From that date on, Hamer continued to treat patients without a medical license or any ''Heilpraktiker''-license (license of a German naturopath).<br />
<br />
In 1990, Hamer moved to Austria and opened a ''consultation center'' in the old castle of Burgau without a medical license for Germany or Austria. He received assistance from the mayor of Burgau, Wallner, as Hamer helped the mayor's wife to perform a New Medicine ''conflictolysis''. As became public later the mayor's wife, despite this intervention, died of cancer. Officially, this consultation center was declared the Austrian branch of Hamer's publishing house ''Amici di Dirk''. Hamer received many financial donations to his bank account at that time. The consultation center in Burgau was finally closed by Austrian authorities and documents were confiscated by the police.<br />
<br />
From 1997 to 1998 Hamer was in prison in Cologne. In 2000 he left Germany to hide in Spain, in the village of Alhaurin el Grande near Malaga. In September 2004 Hamer was arrested in Spain and extradited to France, as there was an international warrant for his arrest. Hamer was released from prison in France in February 2006 and returned to Spain where he continued the medical treatment of visiting patients or giving them advice by phone. Hamer and witnesses claim he always felt stalked by people following him everywhere. Hamer finally left Spain in March 2007, seeking refuge in Norway. In two interviews, he told his friends he preferred to hide in Norway as this country was not part of the European community. According to Hamer, he now was under investigation by the public prosecutor of the town of Cottbus (Germany), Robinek.<br />
<br />
==Criminal Record==<br />
[[image:Hamerspanien.jpg|Hamer's exile in Spain|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Hamercartoon.jpg|Hamer's arrest in Spain as viewed by his suporters|300px|thumb]]<br />
Hamer violated German, French, and Austrian laws on numerous occasions and was convicted several times in different countries; he served prison times twice, for at least 3&nbsp;years.<br />
*In 1986, Hamer wass sentenced to a fine of 3,000&nbsp;DM (1,500&nbsp;Euro) for treating patients without a license. Case file number: 34&nbsp;Js&nbsp;85/86 district court of Cologne.<br />
*On January&nbsp;22, 1992 he was sentenced in Cologne to 6&nbsp;months suspended, again for treating patients without a license. Hamer appealed and on February&nbsp;12, 1993, the sentence was reduced to 4&nbsp;months (case 105-99/92). He had tried to cure a young man from bone-cancer by simply applying a cast, so the leg had to be amputated later. (case file numbers: 613&nbsp;Ls&nbsp;152/91 and 34&nbsp;Js&nbsp;232/89 StA&nbsp;Köln)<br />
*On July&nbsp;27, 1993, Hamer was sentenced to 6&nbsp;months suspended for defamation in Austria. (district court of Graz).<br />
*The parents of Olivia Pilhar were sentenced to 8&nbsp;months suspended.<ref>court of Vienna-Neustadt 11.11.1996 and appelation sentence of Oberlandesgericht Wien 04.09.1997. File number: GZ&nbsp;4C&nbsp;E&nbsp;VR&nbsp;S34/95 – 189 Bl. 1082-1120, Az. 23&nbsp;Bs&nbsp;114/97 (Bl. 1121-1141))</ref> Hamer could not be prosecuted in the Olivia Pilhar case because he had fled Austria in the meantime.<br />
*In 1997, Hamer was arrested in Cologne and, on September&nbsp;9, 1997, was sentenced to 19&nbsp;months by the district court of Cologne. He served 12&nbsp;months in jail in Cologne. Hamer once more was convicted for treating cancer patients without a license. He was sued by several parents of patients having died after a cure with New Medicine. Case file number: 34&nbsp;Js&nbsp;178/95 Amtsgericht Köln, and a psychiatric expert opinion attested a ''psycopathic personality'' with ''delusional persuasions'', as recorded by the witness Leuzinger.<br />
*In 2001, Hamer was sentenced in absence to three years in prison in France after having been sued by French parents of cancer patients who died after treatment with New Medicine in France. An international arrest warrant was issued and Hamer was arrested in Spain in September 2004 and extradited to France. He served the time in France, was released on February&nbsp;16, 2006 and returned to Spain.<br />
*Currently (2007) he is accused of ''incitement of hatred against a minority of the population'' (article&nbsp;130 of German criminal laws) by prosecutor Robinek in Cottbus/Germany, as Hamer made many public anti-semitic statements in open letters and web pages and commented upon an alleged international Jewish conspiracy. Case file number: 1653&nbsp;Js&nbsp;2797&nbsp;/&nbsp;06.<br />
*There is also a private court case pending, with a substantial amount of damages asked, because Hamer advised a patient against chemotherapy.<br />
<br />
==The Case of Olivia Pilhar==<br />
[[image:olivia1.jpg|Olivia&nbsp;P. in hospital|thumb|left]]<br />
[[image:olivia2001.jpg|Olivia years after treatment|thumb]]<br />
Hamer became known in Austria and Germany mainly through the case of Olivia Pilhar in 1995. Olivia, then aged six, suffered from a Wilms' tumour. The parents withheld effective conventional medical therapy from their child Olivia and thought Hamer a trustworthy alternative. The Austrian authorities removed their rights of child care, and the parents fled from Austria to Malaga (Spain) via Munich with the child. There, Hamer unsuccessfully treated the child, applying his method. The tumour continued to grow. After negotiations including the intervention of the Austrian president, the parents were persuaded to return to Austria. By then, Olivia's tumour weighed several kilograms. The child was finally given an effective medical treatment after a court order against the parents' wishes and is still alive in 2007. Her parents received a sentence of eight months suspended in Austria. The parents still support Hamer's method and maintain their own web site which explains the matter from their perspective. See details about this and other cases here: [[Victims of New Medicine]].<br />
<br />
==Antisemitism==<br />
Hamer was often accused of using anti-semitic terminology and claiming that a genocidal Zionist conspiracy wanted him silenced. According to Hamer, Jews cured themselves with the Germanic New Medicine and prevented non-Jews from using it. Hamer goes on to allege that his ideas were well known to Jewish scientists but that they deliberately withheld this information from the rest of the world. He says the doctors of official medicine are guilty of the "most hideous crime in the whole history of mankind". Jews allegedly had killed two billion people with morphine, chemotherapy and radiation treatment, according to Hamer.<br />
<br />
See also: [[Iwan Götz]]<br />
<br />
==Political Activities==<br />
Hamer has often been accused of publishing anti-semitic and ant-Jewish statements in his public letters and on his webpages, including the denial of holocaust. At the moment (2008) he is accused of incitement of hatred against a minority of the population (article&nbsp;130 of german criminal laws) by the public prosecutor of Cottbus (Germany). Hamer's image of himself as a genius misunderstood and victim of a monstrous international Jewish-Masonic-Catholic plot is received well within the extreme right. Not surprisingly, he has found supporters there and was invited by several extremist right groups to give lectures. The extremist right German paper ''Junge Freiheit'' praised him, as well as the extremist Swiss website ''Recht und Freiheit''. Among those opening their doors to Hamer was the extremist right and antisemitic Christian cult Bruderschaft Salem (Salem Brotherhood) which is known for its collaboration with the convicted German Nazi lawyer Jürgen Rieger. Hamer's cult can be described as a "supercult". With its message that all disease can be healed, spiced up with antisemitic paranoia, he can gain acceptance with a range of other cranks. According to an article in Austrian newspaper Der Standard in 1995, Hamer denied the holocaust in a conversation with a female cancer patient. Hamer did not know his patient was Jewish herself; she was horrified and reported the incident to the newspaper. Hamer's own words can be seen here: <ref>''[...] Die Juden haben ihre Namen köpfen lassen [...] sie wurden nicht umgebracht, sie verschwanden einfach. Und lassen es sich gut gehen unter anderem Namen, auf Kosten des deutschen Volkes, das Wiedergutmachung zahlen muss. Sieben Millionen ermordete Juden leben also! [...]''</ref>.<br />
An interview of Hamer published in Italian language in 2006 further documents his denial of the holocaust.<ref>[...] Sollen wir nun glauben daß dies alles eine wissenschaftliche Basis hat? Ich glaube noch nicht einmal an den Holocaust, jedenfalls nicht in der Weise wie er uns erzählt wird, und da bin ich natürlich nicht der Einzige. Ich glaube auch nicht nicht, dass der Mensch auf dem Mond war, und viel schlimmer, dass die Twin Towers durch Araber zum Einsturz gebracht wurden, aber daran glaubt ja nun fast niemand mehr [...]</ref><br />
His antisemitic statements and copies of his public letters can be seen on many websites. In 2006 he declared he wanted to become Reichspräsident of a future German Reich.<br />
<br />
==Conspiracy Theories==<br />
According to Hamer, AIDS was not caused by the HI-Virus. He believes no person ever died of AIDS without having previously been told that they were HIV positive or believed they were positive. The implication is that, same as with cancer, it was the negative perception associated with AIDS that caused its devastating effects. Hamer also believes that man was never on the moon and the twin towers in New York was not attacked by Al Kaida.<br />
<br />
==Alleged Assassination Attempts==<br />
According to Hamer, he survived at least 8&nbsp;assassination attempts.<br />
<br />
==Works==<br />
* Hamer, Dr Ryke Geerd 'Summary of the New Medicine' (2000, Amici di Dirk) ISBN 84-930091-9-9<br />
* Hamer, Dr Ryke Geerd 'Einer gegen alle' (2005, Amici di Dirk) ISBN 84-96127-15-X<br />
* Hamer, Dr Ryke Geerd 'Krebs und alle sog. Krankheiten' (2004, Amici di Dirk) ISBN 84-96127-12-5<br />
<br />
==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Ryke_Geerd_Hamer Ryke Geerd Hamer]<br />
*francsais: [http://www.psiram.com/fr/index.php?title=Ryke_Geerd_Hamer Ryke Geerd Hamer]<br />
*italiano: [http://www.psiram.com/it/index.php?title=Ryke_Geerd_Hamer Ryke Geer Hamer]<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryke_Geerd_Hamer<br />
<br />
==Literature==<br />
*Doctoral thesis of Hamer: ''Untersuchungen über den Einfluss des Adaptinols (Heleniens) auf die Dunkeladaptation des gesunden Auges'', with pictures. Tübingen 1963 December&nbsp;20<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hamer, Ryke Geerd}}<br />
[[category:GNM]]<br />
[[category:Pseudomedic]]<br />
[[category:physician]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Miracle_Mineral_Supplement&diff=928Miracle Mineral Supplement2011-02-23T09:24:39Z<p>Pamela: /* Literature */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[image:mms.jpg|180px|MMS on eBay|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Jimhumble3.jpg|180px|Inventor [[Jim_Humble|Jim Humble]] alias "Bishop James&nbsp;V. Humble"|thumb]]<br />
'''Miracle Mineral Supplement''' (MMS or ''acitvated Oxygen'' or ''Vitamin O<sup>2</sup>'' respectively, MMS1, E&nbsp;926) is the trade name of a [[Dietary Supplements|dietary supplement]] containing so-called ''activated oxygen''. In fact MMS products contain sodium chlorite which under certain circumstances can release the disinfectant Chlorine dioxide. MMS was invented by the American engineer [[Jim_Humble|Jim Humble]]. Humble is not known for having any formal qualification in the field of health care. The self-proclaimed 'Bishop' Humble also founded his own religion and his own church called "Genesis&nbsp;II Church of Health and Healing" which markets PhDs and Reverend-titles of no value.<br />
<br />
There is no known scientific study or literature dealing with ''Miracle Mineral Supplement'' which proves it a suitable cure for any kind of illness. Proponents of MMS refer to allegedly successful experiments with humans. Such experiments were purportedly conducted in a prison in the African country of Malawi where prisoners were allegedly forced to ingest the disinfectant.<ref>http://www.miraclems.com</ref><ref>http://www.alleinklang.tv/themen/naturheilkunde/mms-tropfen-miracle-mineral-supplement.html</ref> There are further claims of successful experiments with humans suffering from AIDS having been conducted in Uganda, though no quotable technical literature proving these miracle healings is mentioned. MMS, irresponsibly and without any critical checking, gets advertised in a number of German language esoteric periodicals like [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=NEXUS_Magazin NEXUS Magazin], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Zeitenschrift Zeitenschrift]<ref>Benjamin Seiler, Zeitenschrift, Heft 59</ref> and the [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Mobiwell_Verlag Mobiwell Verlag] (Thomas Kirschner) as well as [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bewusst.TV Bewusst.TV] (by [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Jo_Conrad Jo Conrad]) and [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Lnc-2010 Lnc-2010].<br />
<br />
Since there is no evidence proving this product indeed works as some kind of "illness killer", the usual conspiracy theories dealing with suppression by authorities have been made up. In the case of MMS, the internationally operating [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bilderberger Bilderberger] are accused of conspiring to suppress this saving remedy as their contribution to a [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bevölkerungsreduktionsprogramm world-wide population reduction program]. This meets another criterion of the [http://www.quackwatch.org/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/avoid.html Ten criteria for quackery].<br />
<br />
[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Dioxychlor Dioxychlor] is a product competing with MMS.<br />
<br />
==MMS==<br />
[[image:gefahr.jpg|thumb|left]]<br />
[[image:MMS_VUF.jpg|MMS advertisement found in "vitalundfit100 SL" by Lothar Paulus including the hazard symbol Xn|thumb]]<br />
[[image:aetzend.jpg|thumb|left]]<br />
[[image:180px-MMS7.jpg|typical advertisement|left|thumb]]<br />
MMS is supposed to contain Chlorine dioxide as an active component which is toxic and harmful to the environment. Sodium chlorite, which dissociates to Chlorine dioxide, is also named. Also, [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Zitronensaft lemon juice] is supposed to be included, which is said to have antibiotic properties and, according to Humble, is supposedly the most effective illness killer around. Chlorine dioxide is a yellow-reddish explosive with a pungent odour. Chlorine dioxide, being a disinfectant, undisputedly does kill germs. It is therefore used in water treatment in the so-called chlorination and is responsible for the characteristic smell of swimming pools and sometimes causes reddened eyes. Chlorine dioxide is also used in the paper industry for bleaching purposes and also acts as a preservative in foods (E&nbsp;926) (American chicken contaminated with chlorine dioxide were an issue with the EU-Commission<ref>http://lifestyle.t-online.de/c/15/15/71/42/15157142.html</ref> and were accepted with some constraints after being viewed as "unappetizing" in 1997. In future it is planned to label such chickens as "chlorine-treated from the USA").<br />
<br />
Nobody would ever imagine drinking Domestos to treat a bacterial or viral infection. As with [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Kolloidales_Silber colloidal silver], small concentrations have no negative health effects, but are absolutely ineffective as a therapy. Higher concentrations can, in principle, kill germs in the body but will at the same time negatively effect one's health.<br />
<br />
Chlorine dioxide is an oxidizing biocide and belongs to the higher-oxidized chlorine compounds. Of all oxidizing biocides, Chlorine dioxide is the most selective one. It only reacts with reduced sulfur-compounds, secondary and tertiary Amines, and other highly reduced and reactive organical substances.<br />
<br />
[[image:Mms77.jpg|Article from GSP|350px|thumb]]<br />
Sodium chlorite is a very reactive, oxidizing solid matter. It reacts strongly with combustible materials, under certain conditions even being able to start a fire without a source of ignition, and it can facilitate existing fires. It bears the risk of acute as well as chronic health hazards. Chlorites have stronger methemoglobinic capabilities than Chlorates and have explicitly hemotoxic effects. Since Chlorine dioxide has no role in the human metabolism and consequently no deficiency diseases are known, the so-called Vitamin O<sup>2</sup> has to be regarded a [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Pseudovitamin pseudovitamin].<br />
<br />
Whereas dietary supplements are usually advertised for being [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Antioxidantien antioxidants] which counter free radicals, now it's the turn of strong oxidizing agents, countering hazards and harmful bacteria in a most miraculous way, while leaving harmless bacteria as well as body cells unharmed.<br />
<br />
The periodical GPSP (Gute Pillen - Schlechte Pillen, Good Pills - Bad Pills) evaluates MMS as a product meeting quackery criteria<ref>Gute Pillen - schlechte Pillen. Nr. 5 (Sept./Okt. 2008): Aufgespießt - Miracle Mineral Supplement. Herausgeber: Verbraucherzeitschrift für Medikamente in Deutschland, arznei-telegramm, DER ARZNEIMITTELBRIEF, Pharma-Brief und Arzneiverordnung in der Praxis (AVP)</ref><br />
<br />
==MMS-Gasbag==<br />
[[image:Humble_gasbag.jpg|Inventor Jim Humble wearing "gasbag"|180px|thumb]]<br />
In 2010, the MMS inventor presented a special form of application, the MMS gas bag. Two plastic garbage bags are put into one another, forming a closed room and are sealed with tape. An opening is then cut into the upper end. Then a small bowl containing activated MMS is put into the gas bag, allowing the formation of Chlorine dioxide. The user then enters the gas bag naked, exposing their skin to the gas.<br />
<br />
==Marketing==<br />
[[image:Lothar_Paulus.jpg|Lothar Paulus and Jim Humble enjoying Fast-Food|left|180px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:BewusstTVMMS2.jpg|Sponsored report on [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bewusst.TV Bewusst.TV] by [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Jo_Conrad Jo Conrad]|thumb]]<br />
<br />
In Germany, MMS products are marketed by Luxusline LTD. (director: Dennis Hamann) of Hildesheim and "Julis Foundation Inc." by Norbert Miller from Neuburg a.d. Donau. MMS is also sold via [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=MLM Multi-Level-Marketing] and can be found on eBay where it is advertised using health-related promises, violating the German regulations on dietary supplements (NEM-Verordnung). The product sold consists of Sodium chlorite (NaClO<sub>2</sub>) and comes with an instruction manual dealing with the risks of DIY production of Chloride dioxide.<br />
<br />
In November 2008, Humble participated in a conference on "Neuartige Heilmethoden" (new methods of healing) which was organized by [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Jupiter-Verlag Jupiter-Verlag] and [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Adolf_Schneider Adolf Schneider]. By their own account, Jupiter-Verlag sold MMS bottles at the premises. Humble had been invited to Europe by the [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Heilpraktiker alternative practitioner] Sabine Linek.<br />
<br />
In German-speaking countries, MMS is also sold by Lothar Paulus via several web sites. Paulus obviously operates his business from Ibiza and owns the Ibiza-registered company "vitalundfitmit100 S.L.".<ref>vitalundfitmit100 S.L., Geschäftsführer Lothar Paulus, Ctr. Ibiza-Sant Josep, km 11,5 Apdo. 282, E-07830 Sant Josep Spanien. Telefon: +34 971343623 / +49 1637726543 Fax +34971343623.<br />
Lothar Paulus, C/des Calo, Cala de Bou, edificio PalmBeach 2-2d 07839 Sant Josep, Ibiza Spanien</ref> It is interesting to note that Paulus sells MMS-products bearing the "Xn" (harmful) hazard symbol. This symbol is used to label harmful substances which will cause permanent damage to one's health when being swallowed, inhaled or, by penetrating the skin, can cause acute or chronic damages. Typical products labeled like this are toilet cleaners.<br />
<br />
[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bewusst.TV Bewusst.TV], a project of [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Jo_Conrad Jo Conrad], sells MMS in its web shop. Advertisements for MMS can be found on the web sites of [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=AllEinKlang.tv AllEinKlang.tv], an esoteric project run by Hans Hubert Küppers of Northrhine-Westfalia.<br />
<br />
==Users==<br />
[[image:MMS_Rohsmann.jpg|Peter Rohsmann|380px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Linek_Schustereder.jpg|Sabine Linek / Klaus Schustereder|left|180px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:MMS_Arcadia.jpg|MMS advertisement found in the web shop "Arcadia Eden" of Peter Rohsmann, a medical practitioner.|350px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:MMS_Douwes.jpg|Advertisement for the non-approved drug MMS by the medical dirrector of the hospital "Klinik St.&nbsp;Georg" in Bad Aibling, Friedrich R. Douwes|300px|thumb]]<br />
<br />
Another German MMS proponent is the general practitioner Peter Rohsmann from Habach (near Munich) who also sells MMS products.<br><br />
Currently, Rohsmann is running a web shop called "Arcadia Eden - Peter Rohsmann e.K.".<ref>Arcadia Eden - Peter Rohsmann e.K., Sindelsdorferstraße&nbsp;12, 82392&nbsp;Habach-Dürnhausen</ref> which is registered at his home address. In this shop he also offers a variety of [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Nahrungsergänzungsmittel dietary supplements] and household cleaners ("ionized water") as well as MMS as a "Mach mich sauber"(make me clean) system for the treatment of drinking water. Rohsmann warns against the dangers of his product: ''[...] Harmful in contact with skin - Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas - Risk of serious damage to eyes - Keep away from acids, reducing agents and combustible material - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection - Keep out of the reach of children - Dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point [...]''<ref>https://www.arcadia-eden.com/wasserbehandlung/mms-neu/</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
A further user of the non-approved drug MMS is the medical practitioner Friedrich&nbsp;R. Douwes. He is the medical director of the hospital "Klinik St.&nbsp;Georg" in Bad Aibling. Quotation Douwes: ''MMS is not for treatment of illness and only approved for disinfection of drinking water and food. If one decides though to ingest MMS, generally one should start with one or two drops of MMS, ideally at night before going to bed. It's best to take MMS 5-10&nbsp;minutes before meals or 2&nbsp;hours after meals... Using a clean drinking glass, for every drop of MMS one adds the same amount of "activator" (e.g. 10% Citric acid or 9% hydrochloric acid). Then the glass is swirled shortly and one allows the substances to react with each other for three minutes. The reaction time should be 3&nbsp;minutes, possibly using a egg timer. After this the glass is filled up with water and the diluted solution is drunk without interruption [...]''<ref>http://www.klinik-st-georg.de/pdf/dr_douwes_informiert/2010-04_MMS_Wirkung.pdf</ref> This hospital also offers further pseudo-medical therapies (especially for treatment of cancer): [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Artemisinin Artemisinin], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Misteltherapie mistletoe therapy], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Insulinpotenzierte_Therapie Insulin Potentation] (IPT), [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Kaffee-Einlauf coffee-enema], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Colon-Hydro-Therapie Colon hydrotherapy], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Hyperthermie whole-body hyperthermia], [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Electro_Cancer_Therapy Electro Cancer Therapy], "organo-therapy " with thymus gland extracts ([http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Frischzellentherapie] cellular therapy), [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Enzymtherapie enzyme therapy] and [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Entschlackung detoxification].<br />
<br />
Another promoter of MMS in Switzerland is the Wile-based medical practitioner, [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=TCM TCM]-therapist and media business man [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Ralph_Manser Ralph Manser].<br />
<br />
According to an uncritical article on MMS published in the [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=NEXUS_Magazin NEXUS Magazin]<ref>http://www.nexus-magazin.de/artikel/lesen/jim-humble-erstmalig-in-deutschland-beim-kongress-fuer-neuartige-heilmethoden/2?context=category&category=2</ref>, an Austrian "Dr.med. Klaus Schustereder" (born in 1973) conducted experiments on humans in the Central African Republic. [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Scenar Scenar]-user Schustereder is said to be head of the hospital of Baboua where he actually worked from 2005-2007. He supposedly tested MMS and a [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Homöopathie homeopathic] remedy called "PC1" (which was created by [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Peter_Chappell Peter Chappell]) on AIDS patients. A camera-man by the name of Christian Köhlert was supposedly present at these experiments in Baboua. According to the NEXUS report, he also acted as a miracle healer: (Quotation)<br />
<br />
:''Christian Köhlert also treated people against Malaria using MMS. All of them were cured by the following day.''<br />
<br />
An alternative practitioner who, according to her own testimony, contributed largely to MMS research is the Berlin based Sabine Linek.<br />
<br />
==Side Effects==<br />
According to advertisements of MMS resellers, the substance is free of side effects. But one can also find blood-curling and utterly unfounded information about MMS side effects on various web sites promoting it:<br />
<br />
:''It is always a good sign if the intake of MMS leads to indisposition. Each change is a sure sign that MMS works and is killing harmful bacteria, virus, mould and yeast fungi and parasites. These dead organisms lead to the generation of toxic substances which trigger the so-called Herxheimer reaction.''<ref>Quelle: jimhumblemms.de</ref><br />
<br />
The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction is indeed a phenomenon known in clinical microbiology. Such a reaction can only be proven by experts and is typically found when treating certain germs like Spirochaetaceae.<br />
<br />
In August 2010, the professional journal "Pediatrics" published an article on children intoxicated by household cleansers in the period of 1990-2006, as they were reported by emergency rooms of hospitals. It was shown that the introduction of childproof closures lead to a reduction of such intoxications. The largest number of cases had been reported with Chlorine bleaching as it is used in MMS.<ref>Lara B. McKenzie, Nisha Ahir, Uwe Stolz, Nicolas G. Nelson: ''Household Cleaning Product-Related Injuries Treated in US Emergency'', Pediatrics, 2.8.2010, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2009-3392 [http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/reprint/peds.2009-3392v1?maxtoshow=&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=household&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&resourcetype=HWCIT Volltext]</ref><br />
<br />
Scientific literature on Chlorine dioxide (see references) shows possible unwanted consequences of a Chlorine dioxide intake found in laboratory animals and human beings. Most observations relate to laboratory animals though. It can cause the formation of methemoglobine. Also hemolytic anemia (caused by a breakdown of red blood cells) and reduced Glutathion-levels can be found. High Chlorine dioxide levels in the blood are also viewed as being toxic for the kidneys and reduce the average life span of rats and lead to a reduced body mass. Impacts on thyroid glands and the hemogram in apes/monkeys have been reported.<br />
<br />
In 1982 a blinded study was conducted where healthy test persons drank a small amount of Chlorine dioxide in water. The small amount of 0,1 milligram ClO2 was tolerated by all test persons without any symptoms.<ref>*Judith R. Lubbers, Sudha Chauan, Joseph R. Bianchine: ''Controlled Clinical Evaluations of Chlorine Dioxide, Chlorite and Chlorate in Man'', (1982) Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 46, S. 57-62, 1982. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1569027/pdf/envhper00463-0059.pdf]</ref><br />
<br />
==Administrations advise against MMS==<br />
[[image:MMS_Canada.jpg|Warning of Health Canada|left|250px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:MMS_FDA.jpg|Warning of US-FDA|260px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:INVS.jpg|Warning of the French INVS|260px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Swissmedic.jpg|Warning of the Swiss Swissmedic|300px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:BAG.jpg|Warning of the Swiss BAG|300px|thumb]]<br />
Since 2010 several administrations caution against buying and administering MMS.<br />
<br />
* On July 30, 2010, the FDA (USA) issued a warning against applying MMS since it contained industrial bleaching agents and could lead to severe health damages. According to this statement, several reports on health damages found with MMS customers had reached the FDA. Nausea, vomiting, and life-threatening cases of dehydration had been reported. Customers still in possession of MMS were advised to destroy their supplies. Furthermore, the FDA had no research results indicating any benefit from applying MMS to HIV infections, hepatitis, flu, acne, cancer or common cold. Currently, the FDA also considers pressing charges against suppliers.<ref>http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm220747.htm</ref><ref>http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/?p=6430</ref> Humble reacted to this FDA ban with a warning to international MMS distributors:<br />
<br />
:''Sorry, but my name and my picture must be removed from all sites selling mms in any form. All of the jim humble approval stamps must be removed from every site selling mms. This must happen immediately. Any time the attack comes if my approval is on any sales site that can be used to put me in jail. This is true in most countries as well as the united states, especially in Europe. Please comply with this. It is important. This must be done immediately. Taking my name off of your site will also keep you out of jail. Now is the time to change mms to nothing but water purification drops....When the time comes the authorities must see nothing but mms water purification drops. We will have to depend upon my book, radio, TV, you tube, and other internet articles to tell what mms really is. One other point, anywhere on your site where the word supplement is used it should be changed to the word "solution", the reason for that is the FDA objects to the word supplement, that begins to neutralize our sites. Is for your protection.''<br />
<br />
*On October, 13. 2010, the Swiss Swissmedic issued a warning against MMS titled "Warning against the so-called miracle drug 'Miracle Mineral Supplements (MMS)'". According to Swissmedic, several reports on side-effects in connection with the use of "Miracle Mineral Supplements (MMS)" had been published in different countries. Oral ingestion, according to Swissmedic, caused ''gastrointestinal disorders of varying severity, including hospitalization due to life-threatening conditions''.<ref>http://www.swissmedic.ch/aktuell/00003/01409/index.html?lang=de</ref> Swissmedic refers to a warning against MMS issued by the Swiss "Bundesamt für Gesundheit" (BAG, Federal Office of Public Health) dating October&nbsp;8., 2010. According to BAG, the "Schweizerische Toxikologische Informationszentrum" (STIZ, Swiss Toxicological Information Centre) had received several reports on health disorders after ingestion of MMS<ref>http://www.bag.admin.ch/themen/lebensmittel/04861/11249/index.html?lang=de</ref><br />
<br />
*On October 5, 2010, French authorities "Institut de veille sanitaire" (InVS) and "Agence française de sécurité sanitaire des produits de santé" (Afssaps) published a warning against MMS as the product "Solution minérale miracle" could cause health damages and had been the cause of several cases of intoxication in France (Ce produit est à l’origine de cas d’intoxication). Persons who had purchased MMS were warned against using it and persons already having ingested MMS were urged to see a doctor.<ref>http://www.invs.sante.fr/recherche/index2.asp?txtQuery=mms&Submit.x=0&Submit.y=0</ref><br />
<br />
*In Canada MMS was already banned in May 2010 by "Health Canada"<ref>http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ahc-asc/media/advisories-avis/_2010/2010_74-eng.php</ref><br />
<br />
*In the meantime, Australia banned the selling of MMS and ordered suppliers to take back MMS bottles already sold, without further costs for customers.<br />
<br />
==User Testimonials==<br />
*''[...] all of this is tolerable (I hope my sexual dysfunction is only temporary) but the nausea and especially the pain in the stomach together with constant belching that also hampers sleeping are really bad. I don't know whether I can handle this [...]''.<ref>http://www.mms-selbsthilfe.de/showthread.php?t=2&page=5</ref><br />
*''[...] I have registered just now to warn everybody against this tincture. Yesterday I made a tincture consisting of 50&nbsp;drops of MMS and 250&nbsp;drops of wine vinegar and I applied it, after waiting for 10&nbsp;minutes, without encountering any skin problems. It was said that such a tincture could be stored for three days without any problems. This morning I opened the flask containing the tincture and I almost fell off my chair. The fumes were so strong that I almost dropped it and I spilled some of it. It was deep yellow! My eyes watered, my nose started running...Luckily after 15&nbsp;minutes everything was OK again. I poured all of it away immediately [...]''.<ref>http://www.mms-selbsthilfe.de/showthread.php?t=167</ref><br />
*''[...] So, I'm using MMS for 5&nbsp;days now and I have very strong reactions of my body (15&nbsp;drops in the morning on empty stomach, 15 drops in the evening after dinner), including diarrhea - headache - and, to my big surprise, a heavy head cold, the nose is running all the time [...].''<ref>http://www.mms-selbsthilfe.de/showthread.php?t=2&page=3</ref><br />
* ''..the side effects are really severe. Dizziness, deafness on both ears, I can't focus my eyes, blurred thoughts that prevent me from articulating myself clearly, listlessness, weariness and (a special nuisance to my wife) erectional dysfunction...The nausea and especially the pain in the stomach and belly, together with constant belching that also hamper my sleep are really bad. So I don't know how I gonna handle this.''<ref>Quotation of a user "Uwe" in the "MMS Selbsthilfeforum" (MMS self-help forum)</ref><br />
<br><br />
<br />
==MMS-Quackery and cancer patients==<br />
[[image:newlands4.jpg|Jillian Margaret Newlands|left|180px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:newlands5.jpg|180px|thumb]]<br />
In 2009, an Australian quack named Jillian Margaret Newlands from Mackay (Queensland) who had no license for conducting medical treatments was sentenced to a fine of 12,000&nbsp;AUD and her equipment was seized<ref>http://statements.cabinet.qld.gov.au/MMS/StatementDisplaySingle.aspx?id=63436</ref><ref>http://scepticsbook.com/2009/04/23/quack-fined-12000-ordered-to-stop-selling-fake-cancer-treatment/</ref> for treating patients suffering from breast cancer under non-sterile conditions with MMS infusions in her so-called ''treatment centre''. To avoid any attention she conducted these treatments in her own garage and urged patients to keep silent about it. Furthermore she advised against chemotherapy. This case could be fully reconstructed because undercover-agent Loretta Marron, who was successfully cured of breast cancer with accepted therapies, managed to videotape such a treatment, using a hidden camera.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_R8S1sp2YvQ</ref> The patient treated, named Maria Worth, suffered a life-threatening blood clut after application of the MMS-infusion and had to be treated in the Toowoomba Hospital. She had paid 2,000&nbsp;AUD for this useless and dangerous treatment - whereas the source material had a value of approx. 25&nbsp;AUD.<ref>http://atheistage.org/?p=829</ref><ref>http://archive.i2p.com.au/?page=site/article&id=1270</ref><ref>http://atheistage.org/?p=901</ref><br />
<br />
==MMS2==<br />
In the meantime, MMS-inventor Humble launched another product: [[MMS2]]. This is the corrosive [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_hypochlorite Calcium hypochlorite] (Ca(OCl)2). This compound was used more than a hundred years ago as a skin disinfectant. Since it is only badly tolerated, it had been replaced by more tolerable and effective substances. There are no reports on oral administration of this substance.<br />
<br />
Calcium hypochlorite is also used as bleaching agent in the paper industry, but is more and more replaced, for reasons of environmental protection, by other substances. It is widely used as swimming pool disinfectant. Building supply stores provide cheap bulk packs for owners of private swimming pools.<br />
<br />
In order to prevent negative side effects to the MMS sales, MMS2 is labeled as being ''as good and complimentary to'' MMS. It is also claimed that the combined application of the two substances lead to some kind of synergistic effects.<br />
<br />
==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=MMS MMS]<br />
<br />
==Literature==<br />
*Gute Pillen - schlechte Pillen. Nr. 5 (Sept./Okt. 2008): ''Aufgespießt - Miracle Mineral Supplement''. Publisher: Verbraucherzeitschrift für Medikamente in Deutschland, arznei-telegramm, DER ARZNEIMITTELBRIEF, Pharma-Brief und Arzneiverordnung in der Praxis (AVP).<br />
------------------------------------<br />
*Lin JL, Lim PS. Acute sodium chlorite poisoning associated with renal failure. Ren Fail. 1993;15(5):645-8.<br />
*Judith R. Lubbers, Sudha Chauan, Joseph R. Bianchine: ''Controlled Clinical Evaluations of Chlorine Dioxide, Chlorite and Chlorate in Man'', (1982) Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 46, S. 57-62, 1982. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1569027/pdf/envhper00463-0059.pdf]<br />
*Lubbers, J. R., Chauhan, S., Miller, J. K., and Bianchine, J. R. The effects of chronic administration of chlorine dioxide, chlorite and chlorate to normal healthy adult male volunteers. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. 5 (2, 3): 879-888 (1982)<br />
*Heffernan, W. P., Guion, C., and Bull, R. J. ''Oxidative damage to the erythrocyte induced by sodium chlorite in vitro''. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. 2(6): 1487-1499 (1979).<br />
*Musil, J., Kontek, Z., Chalupa, J., and Schmidt, P. ''Toxicological aspects of chlorine dioxide application for the treatment of water containing phenol''. Chem. Technol. Praze. 8: 327-345 (1964)<br />
*Moore, G. S., and Calabrese, E. J. ''The effects of chlorine dioxide and sodium chlorite on erythrocytes of A-J and C-57L-J mice''. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. 4(2, 3): 513-524 (1980)<br />
*Moore, G. S. and Calabrese, E. J. ''G-6-PD-deficiency - a potential high-risk group to copper and chlorite ingestion.'' J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. 4(2, 3): 271-279 (1980)<br />
*Moore, G. S., Calabrese, E. J. and Ho, S. C. ''Groups at potentially high-risk from chlorine dioxide treated water.'' J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. 4(2, 3): 465-470 (1980)<br />
*Couri, D., Miller, C. H., Bull, R. J., Delphia, J. M., Ammar, E. M. ''Assessment of maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity and teratogenic potential of sodium chlorite in Sprague-Dawley rats.'', Environ. Health Perspect. 46: 25-29 (1982)<br />
<br />
==English Weblinks==<br />
*http://www.scienceblogs.de/mutterwitz/2010/09/chlorbleiche-trinken-ist-ungesund.php<br />
*[http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/?p=6430 David J Kroll: ''Can it get any worse?: industrial bleach as cancer and HIV cure'', Blog "Science-Based Medicine", 6.8.2010]<br />
*http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/sep/15/miracle-mineral-solutions-mms-bleach?<br />
<br />
==German Weblinks==<br />
*[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=MMS German version used as base for this article]<br />
*http://www.gesundheit.ch/mms<br />
*[http://nexus-magazin.de/artikel/lesen/mms-ein-wundermittel-fuer-afrika-und-auch-den-rest-der-welt-teil-1 Werbung für MMS im Nexus-Magazin]<br />
*[http://www.mms-selbsthilfe.de/showthread.php?t=149 Misserfolge bei der AIDS-Anwendung]<br />
* http://atheistage.org/?p=901<br />
<br />
==Links to Material Safety Data Sheets and Fact Sheets==<br />
*[http://biade.itrust.de/biade/lpext.dll?f=templates&fn=main-hit-h.htm&2.0 GESTIS-database of the BGIA for Natriumchlorit] (German)<br />
*http://www.merck-chemicals.com/chemdat/en_US/Merck-International-Site/USD/ViewProductDocuments-File;sid=nlTZ8VeScFLY8RtcLBrMpv9STVdc7p-GWXvn1vhTu2Q0AEeOnY0kyX6Vv6DAtTlkhToR5ZC9TVdc7oSRG0v8wbpj?ProductSKU=MDA_CHEM-814815&DocumentType=MSD&DocumentId=%2Fmda%2Fchemicals%2Fmsds%2Fde-CH%2F814815_DE_CH.PDF&DocumentSource=GDS&Country=International&Channel=Merck-International-Site<br />
*http://www.silbermann.de/download/SDB/06258070.pdf (German)<br />
*http://www.judo-online.de/judo/EG-SICHERHEITSDATENBLAETTER/DE/Art-Nr_1701667_EG-Sicherheitsdatenblatt_Natrium.pdf (German)<br />
*http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/healthguidelines/chlorinedioxide/recognition.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[category:AIDS Miracle Therapy]]<br />
[[category:Cancer Miracle Therapy]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Steiner_quotes&diff=927Steiner quotes2011-02-23T09:23:40Z<p>Pamela: /* References and links */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Quotes from [[Rudolf Steiner]]:'''<br />
*Vom russischen Volksgeist wird gesagt, dass er überhaupt nicht heruntersteigt: „[...] und daher kann dieses Volk erst dann eine geistige Entwicklung durchmachen, wenn es sich bequemen wird, das, was erarbeitet wird im Westen, mit seinem eigenen Wesen zu vereinigen, um im Zusammenhange mit dem Westen eine Kultur zu begründen, weil es aus sich selbst niemals eine Kultur entfalten kann.“<ref>"Menschenschicksale und Völkerschicksale" GA 157, p.225</ref><br>The national character of the Russian people is said not to descend at all: „[...] and thus this people can only develop spiritually if they can be bothered and combine what is prepared in the West with their own spirit, and constitute a culture in connection to the West, because they will never be able to establish a culture on and of their own.<br />
<br />
*Masern als physisch-karmische Folge einer Inkarnation, in der man sich zu sehr mit sich selber beschäftigt, zu viel gegrübelt hat. Seelisch-karmische Folge einer solchen Inkarnation kann die Neigung zu Selbsttäuschungen sein. In gewissen Zeitaltern war eine solche Lebenshaltung verbreitet, deshalb gehören die Masern zu den häufigen Kinderkrankheiten, da der Mensch möglichst schnell eine Korrektur, eine organische Selbsterziehung erreichen will [http://www.psiram.com/media/Handbuch_Steiner.pdf].<br />
<br>Measles as a physical-karmic consequence of an incarnation, in which one was too absorbed with oneself, pondering too much. The mental-karmic consequence of such an incarnation can be a tendency to self-deception. In certain eras, such an attitude towards life was common, and thus measles are a children's disease occuring frequently, as humans strife for a correction, an organic self-discipline.<br />
<br />
*''Wer diese Welten (die übersinnlichen) leugnet, der sagt nichts anders, als daß er seine höheren Organe noch nicht entwickelt hat [...]''<ref>"Theosophie. Einführung in übersinnliche Welterkenntnis und Menschenbestimmung" GA 9, p.61</ref><br>Those in denial of these (transcendental) worlds state nothing but that they have not as yet developed their higher organs [...]<br />
<br />
*''Die mechanisch-materialistische Lebenslehre sieht in dem Herzen eine Art Pumpvorrichtung, welche das Blut in regelmäßiger Art durch den Leib treibt. Da ist das Herz die Ursache der Blutbewegung. Die geisteswissenschaftliche Erkenntnis zeigt etwas ganz anderes. Ihr ist das Pulsieren des Blutes, seine ganze innere Beweglichkeit, Ausdruck und Wirkung der Seelenvorgänge. Seelisches ist die Ursache davon, wie sich das Blut verhält. Das Erbleichen durch Angstgefühle, das Erröten unter dem Einfluß von Schamempfindungen sind grobe Wirkungen von Seelenvorgängen im Blute. Aber alles, was im Blute vorgeht, ist nur der Ausdruck dessen, was im Seelenleben vor sich geht. Der Zusammenhang zwischen Blutpulsation und Seelenimpulsen ist nur ein sehr geheimnis-tiefer. Und nicht die Ursache, sondern die Folgen der Blutpulsation sind die Bewegungen des Herzens''&nbsp;[http://www.anthroposophie.net/steiner/ga/bib_steiner_ga_011_17.htm]<br />
<br>Mechanical-materialist science views the heart as a pump, constantly driving blood through the body. The heart is seen as the cause of the blood flow. The anthroposophic social sciences' perception shows something completely different: the pulsation of the blood, its inner volubility, is expression and effect of the psyche. The psyche causes the ways in which the blood acts. To turn pale with fear, to blush with shame are rough consequences of the psyche in the blood. But everything happening in the blood is a consequence of what is happening in the psyche. The connection between blood pulsation and psychic impulses is mysterious and deep. And instead of being the cause, the consequence of blood pulsation is the motion of the heart.<br />
<br />
*''Der tierische Organismus lebt im ganzen Haushalt der Natur darin. Von vorne nach hinten im Tier: Von der Schnauze gegen das Herz zu hat es die Saturn-, Jupiter-, Marswirkungen, in dem Herz die Sonnenwirkung, dahinter gegen den Schwanz zu die Venus-, Merkur- und Mondwirkung [...] Das vom Mond zurückgestrahlte Sonnenlicht ist ganz unwirksam, wenn es auf den Kopf eines Tieres scheint. Aber diese Dinge gelten namentlich für das Embryonalleben. Das Mondlicht entfaltet seine größte Wirkung, wenn es auf den Hinterteil eines Tieres scheint.'' <ref>"Geisteswissenschaftliche Grundlagen zum Gedeihen der Landwirtschaft" GA 327 p. 60</ref><br>The animal organism lives in the entire household of nature. From the front to the back in the animal: From the snout to the heart, it has Saturn, Jupiter, and Mars effects, in the heart the sun effect, to the tail the Venus, Mercury, and moon effects. [...] The sunlight reflected by the moon is completely ineffective if it shines on the animal's head. But these aspects are especially true for the embryonic life. The moonlight is most effective when it shines on the animal's hind quarters.<br />
<br />
*''Aber mit der Zeit verliert sich die Blondheit, weil das Menschengeschlecht schwächer wird. Und die Erdenmenschheit würde vor der Gefahr stehen, daß die ganze Erdenmenschheit eigentlich dumm würde, wenn nicht das kommen würde, daß man eine Geisteswissenschaft haben wird, eine Anthroposophie, die nicht mehr auf den Körper Rücksicht nimmt, sondern aus der geistigen Untersuchung selbst heraus die Gescheitheit wieder holt, wenn ich so sagen darf [...] Die blonden Haare geben eigentlich Gescheitheit. Geradeso wie sie wenig in das Auge hineinschicken, so bleiben sie im Gehirn mit ihren Nahrungssäften, geben sie ihrem Gehirn die Gescheitheit. Die Braunhaarigen und Braunäugigen, und die Schwarzhaarigen und Schwarzäugigen, die treiben das, was die Blonden ins Gehirn treiben, in die Haare und Augen hinein.'' <ref>"Über Gesundheit und Krankheit. Grundlagen einer geisteswissenschaftlichen Sinneslehre" GA 348 p 102</ref><br>But fairness vanishes by and by, because mankind becomes weaker. And earthly mankind would face the danger of growing stupid if we will not possess a spiritual science, an anthroposophy which does not consider the body, but, by psychic examination, retrieves saneness, if I may say so. [...] It is in effect fair hair which bestowes saneness. In the same way fair hair sends little to the eye, it remains in the brain with its nutritional juices, it bestowes intelligence unto the brain. The brown haired and brown eyed, and the black haired and black eyed, they will drive into hair and eyes what the fair haired drive into the brain.<br />
<br />
*''Nun aber darf man nicht vergessen, daß die Elektrizität immer besonders einwirkt auf die höhere Organisation, die Kopforganisation des Menschen und des Tieres, dementsprechend bei den Pflanzen auf die Organisation der Wurzel in außerordentlich starker Weise einwirkt. [...] die Elektrizität wirkt furchtbar unbewußt ein, und die Menschen wissen gar nicht, woher gewisse Dinge kommen. Ganz zweifellos geht da eine Entwickelung in der folgenden Richtung, wenn ich jetzt berücksichtige, daß die Elektrizität ja oberirdisch verwendet wird als strahlende Elektrizität, aber auch als leitende Elektrizität, um möglichst rasch Nachrichten zu bringen von einem Ort zum anderen; dieses Leben des Menschen, namentlich in der strahlenden Elektrizität, wird bewirken, daß die Menschen nicht mehr kapieren können diese Nachrichten, die sie so schnell kriegen. Es wirkt auslöschend auf das Kapieren.''<ref>"Geisteswissenschaftliche Grundlagen zum Gedeihen der Landwirtschaft (Landwirtschaftlicher Kursus)" GA 327 p. 221</ref><br>Now we must not forget that electricity especially influences the higher organization, the head organization of man and animal, and accordingly in plants the root organization, in particular strong ways. [...] electricity works terribly unconscious effects, and people do not know at all where certain things come from. Without doubt there is a development in the following direction, if I consider electricity is used above ground as radiating electricity, but also as conductive electricity, to transport messages from one place to another as fast as possible; this life of man, especially in the radiating electricity, will result in man no longer being able to understand these messages which they recieve so fast. It has annihilating effects on understanding.<br />
<br />
*''Das Judentum als solches hat sich aber längst ausgelebt, hat keine Berechtigung des modernen Völkerlebens, und daß es sich dennoch erhalten hat, ist ein Fehler der Weltgeschichte, dessen Folgen nicht ausbleiben konnten. Wir meinen hier nicht die Formen der jüdischen Religion alleine, wir meinen vorzüglich den Geist des Judentums, die jüdische Denkweise.'' <ref>"Gesammelte Aufsätze zur Literatur " GA&nbsp;32, p.&nbsp;152&nbsp;f.</ref><br>Judaism as such is long lived out, has no entitlement of modern peoples' lives, and that it persists nevertheless is an error in world history which was bound to have inevitable consequences. We do not mean Jewish religion only, we especially mean the character of Judaism, the Jewish way of thinking.<br />
<br />
*Der Schularzt spricht über besondere medizinische Fälle.<br />
:''Dr.Steiner:<br />
:Das Mädchen L.&nbsp;K. in der 1.&nbsp;Klasse, da wird irgend eine recht schlimme Verwickelung da sein mit dem ganzen Innern. Da wird auch nicht viel zu machen sein. Das sind diese Fälle, die immer häufiger vorkommen, daß Kinder geboren werden und Menschenformen da sind, die eigentlich in bezug auf das höchste Ich keine Menschen sind, sondern die ausgefüllt sind mit nicht der Menschenklasse angehörigen Wesenheiten. Seit den neunziger Jahren schon kommen sehr viele ichlose Menschen vor, wo keine Reinkarnation vorliegt, sondern wo die Menschenform ausgefüllt wird von einer Art Naturdämon. Es gehen schon eine ganze Anzahl alte Leute herum, die eigentlich nicht Menschen sind, sondern naturgeistige Wesen und Menschen nur in bezug auf ihre Gestalt. Man kann nicht eine Dämonenschule errichten.<br />
The girl L. K. in the first grade, there must be a serious entanglement in her whole inner being. There is not much we can do. It is one of these cases becoming increasingly frequent, in which children are born in human form who actually, with respect to their highest ego, are not human, but who are filled with non-human beings. Since the nineties, a lot of ego-less humans occur who are not reincarnated, but where the human form is filled with some kind of natural demon. There is quite a number of old people who are not human, but natural spirits, and human only in respect of their shape. You cannot establish a demon school.<br />
:x: Wie ist das möglich?<br>How is that possible?<br />
:Dr.Steiner:<br />
:An sich ist nicht ausgeschlossen, daß im Kosmos ein Rechenfehler geschieht. Es sind doch lange für einander determiniert die hinuntersteigenden Individualitäten. Es geschehen auch Generationen, für die keine Individualität Lust hat hinunter zukommen und sich mit der Leiblichkeit zu verbinden, oder die sie auch gleich am Anfang verlassen. Da treten dann andere Individuen ein, die nicht recht passen. Aber dies ist wirklich jetzt sehr häufig, daß ichlose Menschen herumgehen, die eigentlich keine Menschen sind, die nur menschliche Gestalt haben, naturgeistähnliche Wesen, was man nicht erkennt, weil sie in menschlicher Gestalt herumgehen. Sie unterscheiden sich auch sehr wesentlich von den Menschen in bezug auf alles Geistige. Sie können es zum Beispiel nie zu einem Gedächtnis bringen in den Dingen, die Sätze sind. Sie haben eigentlich nur Wortgedächtnis, kein Satzgedächtnis.<br />
<br>It is not impossible that a miscalculation happens in the universe. Descending individualities have been determined for each other since long. Generations occur for which no individuality feels like descending and combine with their physicalness, or leave them in the beginning. Other individuals will enter which do not really fit. But now this becomes very frequent that ego-less humans walk about who are not really human and only have human shape, creatures resembling nature spirits, who will not be identified since they have human shape. They show considerable differences to man in respect of everything mental. They will never be able, for example, to develop a memory in matters which are sentences. Their memory is restricted to a word memory instead of a sentence memory.<br />
<br />
:Die Rätsel des Lebens sind nicht so einfach. Wenn eine solche Wesenheit durch den Tod geht, dann geht sie zurück in die Natur, woher sie gekommen ist. Der Leichnam zerfällt; eine richtige Auflösung des Ätherleibes ist nicht da, und das Naturwesen geht in die Natur zurück.<br />
The mysteries of life are not this simple. When such a creature goes through death, then it will return to nature from whence it came. The body decomposes; a correct dissolution of the etherical body does not happen, and the nature spirit will return to nature. <br />
:Es könnte sein, daß irgendwie automatisch etwas geschehen könnte. Der ganze Apparat des menschlichen Organismus ist da. Man kann unter Umständen in den Gehirn-Automatismen eine Pseudo-Moral züchten.<br />
It may well be that something may perhaps happen automatically. The entire apparatus of the human organism is there. Perhaps it may be possible to breed a pseudo-morality in these brain automatisms.<br />
:Man redet sehr ungern über diese Dinge, nachdem wir ohnedies vielfach gegnerisch angefallen werden. Denken Sie, was die Leute sagen, wenn sie hören, hier wird erklärt, daß es Menschen gibt, die keine Menschen sind. Aber es sind Tatsachen. Wir würden auch nicht solchen Niedergang der Kultur haben, wenn ein starkes Gefühl dafür vorhanden wäre, daß manche Leute herumgehen, die gerade dadurch, daß sie rücksichtslos sind, etwas werden, daß die keine Menschen sind, sondern Dämonen in Menschengestalt.<br />
These issues are discussed only reluctantly after we have been assaulted antagonistically in many cases anyway. Imagine what people will say when they learn we contend here that there are humans who are not human at all. But these are facts. We also would not have such a decline of culture if there was a strong feeling for the fact that there are many people walking about who advance just because they are ruthless, and that they are no humans but demons in human shape.<br />
<br />
:Aber wir wollen das nicht in die Welt hinausposaunen. Die Gegnerschaft ist so schon groß genug. Solche Dinge chokieren die Menschen furchtbar. Es hat einen furchtbaren Chok hervorgerufen, als ich genötigt war zu sagen, daß ein ganz berühmter Universitätsprofessor, der einen großen Ruf hat, daß der nach einem sehr, kurzen Leben zwischen Tod und neuer Geburt ein wiederverkörperter Neger war, ein Forscher.<br />
But we do not mean to broadcast this broadly. Enmity is large enough as is. Such things will shock people tremendously. It caused an awful shock when I was compelled to explain that a very famous professor at a university who enjoys a great reputation, that he, a scientist, after a very short life between death and new birth, happened to be a reincarnated negro.<br />
<br />
:Aber diese Dinge wollen wir nicht der Welt verkünden.''<ref>"Konferenzen mit den Lehrern der Freien Waldorfschule 1919 bis 1924. Band III" GA 300c, p. 70</ref><br />
But we do not wish to announce this to the world.<br />
<br />
Richtig bitter wird es, wenn man als Waldorfschüler zum ichlosen Menschen erklärt wird.<br />
It is especially painful when one is a Waldorf student and declared an egoless person.<br />
*''[...] Was nützt es denn, wenn wir den Leuten wieder und wieder sagen, wir seien keine Sekte, wenn wir uns so verhalten, wie wenn wir eine Sekte wären [...]'' <ref>Rudolf Steiner (1923), "Die Geschichte und die Bedingungen der anthroposophischen Bewegung im Verhältnis zur Anthroposophischen Gesellschaft", Dornach 1959/2, Seite&nbsp;157. Vortrag vom 16.&nbsp;Juni 1923</ref><br>[...]What use is it to tell people time and again we are not a cult, when we act as if we were one[...]<br />
<br />
*''[...] Beim Menschen wird möglichst viel umgesetzt von Bauchdünger in Gehirndünger, weil der Mensch ja sein Ich auf der Erde trägt; beim Tier weniger, daher bleibt mehr drinnen in dem Bauchdünger, der dann zum wirklichen Dünger verwendet wird. Da bleibt mehr Ich in der Anlage drinnen. Weil es das Tier nicht zum Ich bringt, bleibt da mehr Ich in der Anlage drinnen. Daher sind tierischer Mist und menschlicher Mist zwei ganz verschiedene Dinge. Tierischer Mist enthält noch die Ich-Anlage. Und wir finden, wenn wir misten, wenn wir Dünger von außen her an die Wurzel, das Ich an die Wurzel, an die Pflanzen herangebracht haben, daß wir, wenn wir vollständig die Pflanze zeichnen (Zeichnung), hier unten die Wurzel haben, oben die sich entwickelnden Blätter und Blüten haben, daß sich hier das Astralische hinzuentwickelt durch den Verkehr mit der Luft, hier sich entwickelt durch den Verkehr mit dem Dünger die Ich-Anlage der Pflanze. [...]'' <ref>"Geisteswissenschaftliche Grundlagen zum Gedeihen der Landwirtschaft (Landwirtschaftlicher Kursus)" GA 327 p. 202</ref><br>In man, as much as possible is converted from stomach fertilizer to brain fertilizer, because humans carry their ego on earth; to a lesser extent in animals, thus more will remain in the stomach fertilizer which is later used as real fertilizer. More ego remains within the disposition. Because the animal does develop an ego, more ego remains in the disposition. Therefore, animal dung and human dung are completely different. Animal dung still contains the ego disposition. And when we collect dung, when we bring fertilizer from the outside to the root, the ego to the root, to the plant, we will realize that, when we draw the plant completely [figure], here on the bottom we have the root, the developing leaves and blossoms at the top, that the astralic develops, too, by contact with air, the ego-disposition of the plant develops due to the contact with the fertilizer.<br />
<br />
*''Also sehen Sie, während wir beim Menschen vom Bauch zum Kopfe gehen müssen, von unten herauf, müssen wir bei der Pflanze den umgekehrten Weg machen. Die Wurzel der Pflanze ist mit dem Kopf verwandt. Wenn wir das bedenken, wird uns gewissermaßen ein Licht aufgehen über die Bedeutung der Wurzel. Denn die Kartoffel, die hat Knollen; das ist etwas, was nicht ganz Wurzel geworden ist. Man ißt also, wenn man viel Kartoffel ißt, vorzugsweise Pflanzen, die nicht ganz Wurzel geworden sind. Wenn man sich also beschränkt auf das Kartoffelessen und zuviel Kartoffeln ißt, kriegt man nicht genug in den Kopf hinein. Es bleibt unten im Verdauungstrakt. So daß es also so ist, daß mit dem Kartoffelessen die Menschen in Europa ihren Kopf, ihr Gehirn vernachlässigt haben. Diesen Zusammenhang sieht man erst, wenn man Geisteswissenschaft treibt. Da sagt man sich: Seit Europa diese Kartoffelnahrung immer mehr und mehr überhand genommen hat, seit der Zeit ist der Kopf des Menschen unfähiger geworden.''<ref>"Rhythmen im Kosmos und im Menschenwesen. Wie kommt man zum Schauen der geistigen Welt?" GA 350 p. 210</ref><br />
<br>Now look, whereas in man we have to go from the stomach to the head, from the bottom up, we have to take the opposite direction in plants. The plant's root is related to the head. If we consider that, we will fully understand the meaning of the root. Because the potato, it has tubers; this is something which has not become root completely. If you eat many potatoes, you will preferably consume plants which did not become root completely. Thus, when you eat only potatoes and eat too many potatoes, you do not get enough into your head. It stays down in the digestive system. This is why, by eating potatoes, people in Europe neglected their head, their brains. This correlation becomes evident only when you do anthroposophic social sciences. So you will conclude: Since potato consumption became rampant in Europe, since that times the head of mankind became more and more incapacitated.<br />
<br />
*''Als eine Parallelströmung zu der demokratischen ergab sich die Benutzung okkulter Motive in den verschiedenen Orden, vereinzelt auch in den Freimaurerorden. Geistig sind sie ja durch ihre Zwecke und Ziele nicht, aber, sagen wir, es entwickelte sich eine geistige Aristokratie parallel zu jener Demokratie, die in der französischen Revolution wirkte, es entwickelte sich die Aristokratie der Loge. Wollte man als heutiger Mensch klar sehen, um der Welt offen gegenüberstehen und sie verstehen zu können, so müsste man sich nicht durch die demokratische Logik, die ja nur in ihrer eigenen Sphäre berechtigt ist, durch Phrasen über den demokratischen Fortschritt und so weiter blenden lassen; man müßte eben auch hinweisen auf jenes Einschiebsel, das sich geltend machte in jenem Bestreben, den Wenigen die Herrschaft zu verschaffen durch die Mittel,´die man im Schoße der Loge hat, dem Ritual und seiner SUGGESTIVEN WIRKUNG. Auf diese müßte man hinweisen. Im materialistischen Zeitalter hat man das wohl verlernt, aber vor den fünfziger Jahren (1850) haben die Leute schon auf diese Dinge hingewiesen. Und schlagen Sie philosophische Historiker aus den Jahre vor 1850 auf, so werden Sie sehen, dass die auf den Zusammenhang der Französischen Revolution und aller folgenden Entwicklung hinweisen. In den Zeiten, die als vorbereitend für die Gegenwart in Betracht kommen, hat sich die westliche geschichtliche Entwicklung, die westliche Welt niemals von den Logen emanzipiert. Immer war der Einfluß der Logen stark wirksam. Das Logentum wußte die Kanäle zu finden, um den Gedanken der Menschen gewisse Richtungen einzuprägen. Und wenn man ein solches Netz gesponnen hat, wovon ich Ihnen nur einzelne Maschen angegeben habe, dann braucht man nur auf den Knopf zu drücken und die Sache wirkt weiter.'' <ref>"Zeitgeschichtliche Betrachtungen. Das Karma der Unwahrhaftigkeit - Zweiter Teil ", GA&nbsp;174, 8.&nbsp;p. 91</ref><br>As a parallel movement to the democratic one, the use of occult motifs developed in various orders, also sporadically in freemasons' orders. While they are not spiritual due to their aims and ends, perhaps one can say that a spiritual aristocracy developed parallel to that of democracy effective during the French revolution, an aristocracy of the Lodge developed. If you wish to see clear as a human of today, to be open to the world and understand it, you must not be blinded by democratic logic which is only valid in its own sphere, by phrases about democratic progress and so on; you would also have to point out this insertion which asserts itself in the aspiration to grant dominance to a few by the means of the Lodge, the ritual, and its SUGGESTIVE EFFECT. This you would have to point out. In our material era, this was unlearned, but prior to the 1850ies, people already pointed these things out. And looking up philosophical historians from the years before 1850, you will see they point out the connection between the French revolution and all following developments. During those times which must be seen as preparing the present, the Western historical development, the Western world never emancipated from the Lodges. The influence of the Lodges was always strong. The Lodges knew to find the channels by which to guide people's minds into certain directions. And if you spun such a net, of which I showed you just a few stitches, then you only need to push a button and it will continue to function.<br />
<br />
*''[...] Die Tatsachen sind durch rein übersinnliche Beobachtungen gewonnen; und es muß sogar gesagt werden, daß der Geistesforscher am besten tut, wenn er sich alle Schlußfolgerungen aus seinen naturwissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen peinlich genau entäußert; denn durch solche Schlußfolgerungen wird ihm leicht der unbefangene innere Sinn der Geistesforschung in die Irre geführt [...]''<ref><br />
"Aus der Akasha-Chronik", GA 11, p. 241</ref><br><br />
These facts have been found by purely transcendental observation; and it even must be stated that the anthroposophic social scientist is best advised to forfeit all conclusions from his scientific results; for such conclusions will easily misguide his unprejudiced inner sense.<br />
<br />
*''[...] Es hat einen furchtbaren Chok hervorgerufen, als ich genötigt war zu sagen, dass ein ganz berühmter Universitätsprofessor, der einen grossen Ruf hat, dass der nach einem sehr, kurzen Leben zwischen Tod und neuer Geburt ein wiederverkörperter Neger war, ein Forscher [...] '' <ref>"Konferenzen mit den Lehrern der Freien Waldorfschule 1919 bis 1924. Band III" GA 300c, p.71</ref><br><br />
It caused an awful shock when I was compelled to say that a very famous university professor who enjoys a great reputation, that he, a scientist, after a very short life between death and new birth, happened to be a reincarnated negro.<br />
<br />
*''[...] Der Mensch steht der Außenwelt gegenüber. Das Geistig-Seelische strebt danach, ihn fortwährend aufzusaugen. Daher blättern wir außen fortwährend ab, schuppen ab. Und wenn der Geist nicht stark genug ist, müssen wir uns Stücke, wie zum Beispiel die Fingernägel, abschneiden, weil der Geist sie, von außen kommend, saugend zerstören will[...]''&nbsp;<ref>Rudolf Steiner, "Allgemeine Menschenkunde als Grundlage der Pädagogik", GA&nbsp;293</ref><br><br />
Man faces the outer world. Psyche and soul permanently try to absorb him. This is why we permanently chip off on the outside, we scale off. If the mind is not strong enough, we have to cut off pieces, like e.g. finger nails, because the mind, coming from the outside, trys to destroy them by sucking.<br />
<br />
*''[...] Was ist die Hirnmasse? Die Hirnmasse ist einfach zu Ende geführte Darmmasse. Verfrühte Gehirnabscheidung geht durch den Darm. Der Darminhalt ist seinen Prozessen nach durchaus verwandt dem Hirninhalt. Wenn ich grotesk rede, würde ich sagen, ein fortgeschrittener Dunghaufen ist das im Gehirn sich Ausbreitende; aber es ist sachlich durchaus richtig. Der Dung ist es, der durch den eigenen organischen Prozess in die Edelmasse des Gehirns umgesetzt wird und da zur Grundlage für die Ich-Entwickelung wird [...]''<ref>"Geisteswissenschaftliche Grundlagen zum Gedeihen der Landwirtschaft (Landwirtschaftlicher Kursus)" GA 327, p. 201</ref><br><br />
What is the brain? The brain simply is fecal matter brought to an end. Premature brain deposit passes the bowels. Bowel contents in its processes is indeed related to the brain. Speaking grotesquely, I would say an advanced heap of dung is what spreads in the brain; but as a matter of fact it is correct. Dung is what is converted by an organic process into the noble matter of the brain where it is the basis for self-development.<br />
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*''Daß starke Blähungen auftreten, rührt davon her, dass der Astralleib noch nicht vollständig in die Darmorganisation eingegliedert ist.'' Rudolf Steiner <br>Strong flatulence occurs when the astral body is not as yet fully integrated in bowel organzation.<br />
<br />
==Blackboard images from Steiner==<br />
[[Image:Steiner tafel S. 247.jpg|Racist black board image|thumb|left]]<br />
[[Image:Steiner tafel S.245 .jpg|Another racist blackboard image, with american natives inferior to europeans|thumb]]<br />
[[Image:Steiner tafelbilder taz.jpg|Blackboard image from the german newspaper TAZ|thumb|center]]<br />
<br />
From the caption in TAZ: "When today we stand in awe before the multitude of root spirits, water beings, and chalk scribblings Steiner painted on the blackboard, we should consider that Steiner, too, was just a human being, and unfortunately a very stupid one who believed he was particularly smart. Still there would have been something to it, however, if just a single one of Rudolf Steiner's students had thrown a rotten tomato at the overstrung master's blackboard. Such an act of rebellion against the silly plantrootwatervisioncreature of Steiner's might have sufficiently damaged the anthroposophical movement in its infancy already that it may have withered away. GERHARD HENSCHEL"<br />
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==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Steiner_Zitate Steiner-Zitate]<br />
<br />
==References and links==<br />
<references/><br />
-----------------------------------------------<br />
* http://www.stern.de/panorama/:Waldorfschulen-Gr%FCnder--Der-Neger-Triebleben/596962.html<br />
* http://sites.google.com/site/waldorfwatch/prehistory-101<br />
* http://petekaraiskos.blogspot.com/2010/12/steiner-quotes-specifically-waldorf.html<br />
* http://petekaraiskos.blogspot.com/2010/12/steiner-quotes-specifically-race.html<br />
* http://petekaraiskos.blogspot.com/2010/12/steiner-quotes-jews-racial-progression.html<br />
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[[category:Anthroposophy]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Deer_Tribe&diff=926Deer Tribe2011-02-23T09:22:13Z<p>Pamela: /* Sources */</p>
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<div>The '''Deer Tribe''', or Deer Tribe Metis Medicine Society (DT), claims the status of an ethnic group with its name, but it is an artificial association with cult character. Persons willing to join do not need to prove a certain ethnic affiliation or descendence, but must rather submit to a system of courses. Deer Tribe sells a system of courses building on each other, in which students eventually will advance to higher grades of initiation; these courses will incur a fee.<br />
<br />
==Formation of Deer Tribe==<br />
[[image:Soke_Reagan.jpg|Harley "Soke" Reagan|thumb]]<br />
Deer Tribe was founded in 1986 by Harley Reagan (a Swiss DT-site, however, claims it was founded „by the end of the 70ies“<ref>http://www.dreamers.ch/Zeremonialmedizin/Deer%20tribe%20Metis%20Medicine%20Society.php</ref>).<br />
Its legend and name have been adjusted several times meanwhile. Although the name suggests it is an indigenous ethnic group or association, this does not correspond with facts. The term 'Metis' is used in Canada, where it describes a state recognized ethnic group with its own culture and language (Michif); in the USA, this term has experienced an increased use as of late, but it is mostly used by persons claiming indigenous ancestry which usually is said to have happened several generations before and usually cannot be verified or documented.<br />
<br />
Reagan first posed as a Cherokee and claimed to teach secret Cherokee rituals; in reality, red-haired Reagan is a US-American of Irish descent. After the Cherokee nation clarified Reagan was no Cherokee and that his 'teachings' had nothing to do at all with Cherokee spirituality, he adjusted his legend. Since then, he claims a descent from Cherokee and Maya; his 'teachings' then became an alleged conglomerate of spiritual traditions of several peoples, especially of Maya, Olmec, and Toltecs. Furthermore, Reagan presumably meant to realign to other, already established New-Age vendors and perhaps become attractive to their respective clientele, too, since Reagan took up the terms 'tonal' and 'nagual' launched by Carlos Castaneda, and also claimed to have studied with an alleged Navaho 'shaman' who he says is identical with the Don Gennaro character in Castaneda's books <ref>http://www.sw-lodge.de/pages/Twisted%20Hairs.htm </ref>.<br />
<br />
==Curriculum vitae of Harley Reagan==<br />
Neither the DT websites nor Wikipedia are able to come up with a curriculum vitae. Research is difficult, as Reagan himself presented lots of divergent and contradictory information. By his own account, Reagan was born in Texas. He further claims to have joined the US Air Force Academy as a cadet in 1958, but already left in May 1959 to join the US Marine Corps in June 1959<ref>http://www.bullshido.net/forums/showthread.php?t=50839 </ref>.<br />
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After a one-year training, Reagan claims to have served in Vietnam for four years, starting in 1960, but also claims his first mission with combat experience took him to Taiwan <ref>http://www.bullshido.net/forums/showthread.php?t=50839 </ref>.<br />
Reagan's own most important information regarding his curriculum vitae seems to be the comment his family enjoyed the reputation of being liars and raconteurs of imaginative stories<ref>http://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/2002-06-13/news/sacred-orgasm </ref>.<br />
<br />
Reagan also likes to put forward the air of a fighter who is a master of several martial arts, and he is an arms freak. Besides 'spiritual' teachings, his students receive a training in an alleged Indian martial art. His various claims – like e.g. he was a substitute for the 1964 US Judo team and won a fourth place at the Olympics – were, meticulously and comprehensively, debunked at the website of Bullshido.org in 2007 already. This also applies to Reagan's account of being a highly decorated soldier: from 1960, Reagan claims to have served in Vietnam, then fought Communist guerillas in Taiwan, and to have returned to Vietnam for his third year there in 1964 <ref>http://www.bullshido.org/Claude_Harley_Reagan </ref>.<br />
<br />
Reagan's knowledge of history seems to be wanting: prior to 1965, the US army had only military advisors stationed in Vietnam, while Reagan claims to have served there as a 'gunner'. Furthermore, a Communist guerilla in Taiwan only exists in his fantasy. Additionally the US army has no records of a person by the name of Harley Reagan ever having been awarded any medals or decorations. Reagan also claims to have held a world championship in Jiu Jitsu between 1967 and 1970 – but according to his own account was in hospital up to 1968 after having been wounded in action by being shot and doing a 100 ms fall out of a helicopter <ref>http://www.bullshido.net/forums/showthread.php?t=50839</ref>.<br />
<br />
It becomes quite clear that Reagan apparently is an embarassing showboater unimpressed by facts who believes no claim too absurde for an attempt to brush up his image.<br />
<br />
==Martial arts training and extremist right ideology==<br />
[[image:DTGC.jpg|Deer Tribe Gun Club|350px|thumb]]<br />
From 1986 on (according to DT sites), he starts calling himself Harley „Swiftdeer“ Reagan and later on „Thunder Strikes“. In the USA, Deer Tribe has the status of a „cult and militia“ <ref>http://www.newagefraud.org/smf/index.php?topic=2208.0 </ref>. Reagan teaches his students a mix of extremist right ideology, martial arts, and allegedly secret indigenous ceremonies. Reagan's students do not always mention Deer Tribe or Reagan on their sites, but make use of the catchwords of „Twisted Hairs“ and/or „Sweet Medicine Sundance Path“, as well as Chuluaqui Qoudoushka, Reagan's doctrine of supposedly spiritual sexuality.<br />
<br />
DT in the USA also maintains a „gun club“ site <ref>http://www.thunderstrikes.com/gunclub.htm </ref>, offers a regular arms training and publishes lists of results <ref>http://www.thunderstrikes.com/gunclub/matchresults.php </ref>. Reagan chose the name of „Chulukua-Ryu“ for his martial art and explains it was developed by several Indian peoples over millenia <ref>http://www.goodguyswin.org/information/XcIBViewItem.asp?ID=467</ref>. Certainly, they will not have named it with the Japanese term „ryu“.<br />
<br />
Reagan also recommends students to train in shooting firearms and in martial arts in order to get prepared for a forthcoming 'racial war' against immigrants from Middle and South America <ref>http://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/2002-06-13/news/sacred-orgasm </ref>. Reagan does not explain how he is able to combine this point of view with an alleged status as Native American – especially since he claims Mayan descent -, and apparently this question is not being raised within DT, either.<br />
<br />
Another indication for an extremist right ideology cultivated within DT is an appeal written by Reagan prior to the presidential elections in 2000, in which Reagan quite unabashedly called for DT members and militias to start armed combat in case Al Gore was elected into office <ref>http://www.goodguyswin.org/information/XcIBViewItem.asp?ID=467 </ref>. In this appeal, Reagan adopts the moniker of „The Shooting Shaman“ and also signs the appeal accordingly. <ref>There was no similar appeal when Barack Obama was voted in. According to reports, Reagan is suffering from a tumour; whether the progression of this disease is due to his silence in this matter, however, cannot be established.</ref><br />
<br />
The US website of DT explains:<br />
„Integrated self-defense and self-reliance, or overall preparedness, consists of three facets: self defense, survival (both wilderness and urban), and firearms training.<br />
<br />
These series of self reliance courses was started in 1985 as the „Way of the Warrior Workshops,“ designed to promote physical mastery and presented by the Deer Tribe Metis Medicine Society (DTMMS). DTMMS was founded in 1986 by HarleySwiftDeer Reagan; he and his wife Dianne Reagan are the chief instructors. [Note to SMSD apprentices: this corresponds to the Black Lodge program.]<br />
Currently, we offer an annual intensive training in self-defense and the safe and effective handling of firearms.“ <ref>http://www.dtmms.org/wits/index.htm</ref><br />
<br />
There is, however, no detailed information at the US DT site or at the European sites regarding this Black Lodge Programme. The US site also does not mention it in their list of content, quite unlike the Red-Lodge-Programme.<br />
<br />
Training with firearms is also not mentioned in the official description of courses offered by European DT branches. Courses in martial arts, however, seem compulsory in order to advance in the so-called 'Gateway' hierarchy of DT. One example is the seminar „Unarmed Self-Defence“ in April 2010 which explains: „The training is equivalent to the Black Lodge Standards of DTMMS and SwiftDeer Thunder Strikes; at the end of this week you will receive a certificate about 45 hours of Black Lodge training. You will be credited entirely with these hours for your self defence resp. gateway process“ <ref>http://www.dreamers.ch/Selbstverteidigung/Selbstverteidigung.php</ref>.<br />
<br />
Presumably DT does not want to be too precise in public statements about this part of their training. Whether the fundamentally different legislation of most European countries regarding possession of and training with firearms is observed and realized by DT remains unclear.<br />
<br />
Apparently DT also cultivates a view of self-defence which differs considerably from the usual perception existing in martial arts:<br />
„Current research confirms what Harley SwiftDeer has taught for over 20 years: your best option is to fight. But proper training is essential!“<ref>http://www.dtmms.org/wits/self-defense-intensives.htm</ref><br />
<br />
Once more, Reagan is not able to abstain from enhancing his merit and maintains:<br />
„These profiles, and the corresponding techniques for stopping these predators, are based on Harley SwiftDeer's thesis, which included in-person interviews of 150 imprisoned rapists and 150 rape victims, studies of actual police reports, and many years of refinement to find the most effective self-defense techniques. Most rape prevention courses in existence today are based on Harley SwiftDeer's original research (also known as psychological rape awareness and Personal Protection Awareness Training [PPAT]).“ <ref>cf. http://www.dtmms.org/wits/self-defense-intensives.htm </ref><br />
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==„Alternative“ methods of healing==<br />
At their US website, DT also promotes alternative healing methods as well as the application of 'ceremonial alchemy' <ref>http://www.dtmms.org/</ref> which does not get explained any further.<br />
<br />
==The system of courses==<br />
At the US site at least it becomes apparent that students will enter into a system of courses building on each other, the so-called 'Gateway Process' <ref>http://www.dtmms.org/red-lodge-longhouse.htm</ref> . Its first level is comprised of a four-year training of which each year has to be booked separately. The advertising text contains extensive promises regarding the personal development of students allegedly caused by the course:<br />
„We teach you how to connect with your inner intent, to access different levels of consciousness, to enter heightened awareness, to have happiness, harmony, health, connection and meaning in your life. We teach you how you function as an energy field, and explain the building blocks and energy laws of different dimensional realities.<br />
<br />
We want you to become an inquisitive free-thinking autonomous individual who takes responsibility for your life and lives it to the fullest. We will empower you and provide a safe journey within a circle of friends who share a desire to make a difference, to take their power and grow up into their highest potential. It is a great journey – but you must do the walking. You must have the willingness to change and make the leap into the next level of human evolution.“ <ref>http://www.dtmms.org/red-lodge-longhouse.htm</ref><br />
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It is also apparent that students will be integrated into a system which facilitates their being controlled: in study groups and lodges <ref>cf. http://www.dtmms.org/studygroups.htm</ref>. Study groups are attributed as the „nucleus family of our tribe“, while lodges are said to be the „clans of our tribe“ <ref>http://www.dtmms.org/studygroups.htm</ref>.<br />
<br />
At the same time, interested parties are informed what lies ahead of them if they happen to fail:<br />
„Those that are found to be valid and in alignment with sacred law are retained and added to the even growing body of knowledge. Those that do not hold up under such rigor are discarded. So it has been for millenia within these ancient traditions of learning and journeying toward human enlightenment.“<ref>http://www.dtmms.org/lineage.htm</ref><br />
<br />
Reagan and DT work with a concept of human advancement which, as the above quote reveals, is not open to every person but apparently only to an elite. This does not only cause a close bond to the system, but also admonishes failure into the realm of individual responsibility. Likewise, internal critics who have developed doubts in the system may be dismissed as 'not chosen' and 'not enlightened'.<br />
<br />
==So-called spiritual sexuality==<br />
„Chuluaqui Qoudushka“, or „Qoudoushka“ - sometimes abbreviated to „Q“ by adherents – is an allegedly indigenous system of spiritual sexuality and respective rituals which is taught by DT in courses building on another.<br />
<br />
In these courses, participants apparently are broken mentally and pushed into compliance by having to perform various forms of sexual intercourse coram publico <ref> cf. an article and interview with Reagan published by Phoenix New Times in 2002: http://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/2002-06-12/news/sacred-orgasm/1 </ref>. The same article also mentions Reagan hires prostitutes for his courses when the number of male participants having booked the course exceeds the number of female participants.<br />
<br />
Initially, Reagan declared these alleged teachings to be secret rituals of the Cherokee. When the Cherokee sharply protested Reagan's fantastic ideas, he adapted his explanation of their origins and meanwhile cites an alleged inter-ethnic medicine society, the „Twisted Hairs“: The tradition of the Twisted Hairs on the American continent (north and south) dates back several thousands of years, and has its actual origin also in the lore of the wise of Mu, Lemuria, Mehyun, and Atlantis“ <ref>http://www.sw-lodge.de/pages/Twisted%20Hairs.htm</ref>. Reagan and DT here fall victim to a misconception quite popular in New Age circles: the alleged existence of intertribal medicine persons or societies in Native American ethnicities.<br />
<br />
==The extension of Deer Tribe==<br />
[[image:DT1.jpg|350px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:DT2.jpg|350px|thumb]]<br />
Given the outrageous theories and derivations, the historical misrepresentations, and the embarassingly transparent improvements of his curriculum vitae, it rather comes as a surprise that Reagan should have been able to attract supporters in the first place. In an interview dated June 2002, Reagan claims 5,000 followers in the USA and several European countries <ref>http://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/2002-06-13/news/sacred-orgasm/1</ref><br />
<br />
A presumably official DT site informs about events taking place in Austria, Italy, and Switzerland <ref>cf. http://www.dtmms-europe.com/events_by_country.php </ref> , the US site additionally mentions events in Canada, and claims further DT branches in Australia, England, Norway, and Sweden. <ref>cf. http://www.dtmms.org/locations.htm#europe</ref>.<br />
<br />
In the German speaking countries, there are several vendors offering Reagan's alleged teachings to a paying clientele <ref>e.g. http://www.dtmms-europe.com , http://www.dreamers.ch/dreamers.php , http://www.oneheartwarriors.at , http://www.skwanesie-lodge.de http://www.lust-und-wissen.de</ref> . „Lust und Wissen“ [lust and knowledge] e.g. cover the following issues: „Chuluaqui-Quodoushka – Spiritual Sexuality; Women Ways – women's knowledge; Body-Dearmoring; Resculpting; Being parents and assisting children; Men's Mountain Time; Calendar; Skwanesie Lodge; Circle of the Year; Open Ceremonial Days; Eagle Dance; Sweatlodge Ceremony; Paths of Life“ <ref>http://www.lust-und-wissen.de</ref>.<br />
<br />
Vendors of DT seminars in German speaking countries are e.g.:<br />
*Norbert Gold aka „Batty“ Gold aka ThunderBear<br />
*Rose Fink aka ThunderEagle<br />
Both are Austrian citizens and have been living at the DT HQ in Arizona for a long time before they came back to Europe.<br />
From 2001 to 2005, Gold was mentioned as an authorized signatory of Swiss foundation „Sweet Medicine Metis Sundance Foundation“; his residence was Scottsdale, USA at first <ref>cf. http://www.edoceo.ch/de/sweet_medicine_metis_sundance_stiftung_CH16070039675.aspx</ref>. Gold and Fink also organize DT seminars at the ZEGG premises at Belzig (cf. further down).<br />
A website apparently maintained for Gold and Fink mentions Gold is active in DT since 1983, Fink since 1986 <ref>cf. http//www.quodoushka.info/rub.php </ref>.<br />
<br />
Sabina Tschudi aka Sabina Crystal Cave Dreamer and Johannes Schröder aka Johannes Star Licht Carrier [sic] (real-life name presumably Uwe Johannes Schröder) offer seminars in Switzerland and Germany, and maintain the Stardreamer Lodge. Tschudi also launched the above mentioned foundation.<br />
<br />
Johanna Nickl aka Johanna StarCrow Nickl and Karsten Guschke aka Karsten FireFox Guschke maintain the Skwanesie Lodge which has the same postal address as ZEGG in Belzig (several websites state Guschke's e-mail address as „...@zegg...“); another person mentioned is Andrea Moonstar Mrosla.<br />
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Brigitte Kimmerle aka Gray Burro maintains the Mirrordancer Lodge and used to be in charge of the European DT site (and possibly still is, as the site is still up but does not seem to be updated too often).<br />
<br />
Austrian Wolfram Reiter aka WolfRaven OneHeartedStandingMountain maintains the Warriors Lodge.<br />
<br />
==Cooperation with other suppliers on the [[Esotericism|esoteric]] market==<br />
Since a few years, several „teachers“ attached to DT organize seminars in the ZEGG premises in the town of Belzig [ZEGG = Centre for Experimental Cultural Design] which are announced as a „hosted event“ at the ZEGG website. Among these are seminrs on the subject of so-called Quodoushka <ref>e.g.: http://www.zegg.de/index.php?april</ref> . Cooperation with ZEGG apparently is due to certain ideological parellels in the domain of sexuality. Detailed information on ZEGG is provided by a meticulous in-depth study titled „ZEGGsismus“ <ref>http://www.nadir.org/nadir/archiv/Antifaschismus/Organisationen/zegg/brosch_rosa/index.html</ref>.<br />
<br />
Although training with firearms is not visible in the published range of items of the European DT branches, martial arts seminars seem compulsory to advance in the „gateway“ hierarchy of DT: the course description of the seminar „Unarmed Self-Defense“ in April 2010 informs interested parties:<br />
„''This training corresponds to Black Lodge standards of DTMMS and SwiftDeer Thunder Strikes; at the end of the week, you will receive a certificate about 45 Black Lodge training units. These units will be fully included into your achievements as martial arts or self-defence in your gateway process''“. <ref>http://www.dreamers.ch/Selbstverteidigung/Selbstverteidigung.php</ref><br />
<br />
==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Deer_Tribe_Metis_Medicine_Society Deer Tribe Metis Medicine Society]<br />
<br />
==Sources==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
Fotos:<br />
*Reagan: http://www.ten-no-kishi.com/<br />
*Gold und Fink: :http://www.quodoushka.info/rub.php and in a younger age: http://www.adlerin.at/quod.rosebatty.php<br />
*Tschudi und Schröder: http://www.dreamers.ch/Wer%20sind%20wir/Wer%20wir%20sind.php<br />
*Nickl, Guschke, Mrosla: http://www.skwanesie-lodge.de/ueber-uns.phtml<br />
*Wolfram Reiter: http://www.oneheartwarriors.at/wolfram_reiter_wolfrabe<br />
*Brigitte Kimmerle: http://brigitte-kimmerle.de/default.aspx<br />
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[[category:Plastic Shamans]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Dietary_Supplements&diff=925Dietary Supplements2011-02-23T09:20:50Z<p>Pamela: </p>
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<div>[[image:Nem.jpg|300px|thumb]]<br />
'''Dietary supplements''' are products legally considered as food. In Germany, they are subject to the [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Nahrungsergänzungsmittelverordnung Dietary supplement Regulation] (Nahrungsergänzungsmittelverordnung, NemV) and therefore are always governed by the laws regulating food [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=LFGB LFGB] and are thus not supposed to have medical effects, work as remedies or prevent illness. In the EU, they must correspond to guideline 2002/46/EG. According to German law, it is not legal for dietary supplements to develop pharmaceutical effects, or to market them with the according claim. They have no major role in human biological [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bioenergetik bioenergetics]. Their use does not counterbalance the effects of long-term malnutrition. The two terms "dietary supplement" and "functional food" overlap partially.<br />
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In the USA, dietary supplements are over-the-counter(OTC)-products, i.e. they may be sold in regular shops without prescription. However, the US-American regulations are more liberal than the German ones: A lot of products sold legally as OTC in the States are regarded as pharmaceutical drugs liable to registration. In the USA, the "Food & Drugs Administration" (FDA) is responsible for their registration.<br />
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Dietary supplements are often packaged mimicking pharmaceuticals so that laypersons cannot clearly tell them apart from drugs. This can lead to confusion. In particular cases, even experts may have difficulties to distinguish them from pharmaceuticals, judging substances and concentration contained in such products.<br />
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Dietary supplements are a typical domain of [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=MLM Multi-Level-Marketing] (MLM) and the specific methods of advertisement and marketing applied there. Drastic differences in price for the same active substance are not uncommon with dietary supplements. They are frequently used in the body building sector and respective gyms, but can also be found in competitive sports. Dietary supplements are also a corner stone of [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Orthomolekulare_Medizin orthomolecular medicine].<br />
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In Germany, dietary supplements are generally bought by an elder clientele: 50% of Germans aged 55 and above use them on a daily basis.<br />
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In Germany, the industry producing dietary supplements operates a lobby group called "NEM Verband mittelständischer europäischer Hersteller und Distributoren von Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln & Gesundheitsprodukten" to represent their interests. It is currently headed by Manfred Scheffler who is also managing partner of Plantafood. The association makes use of the marketing slogan "Freiheit für gesunde Nahrung" (freedom for healthy food) on the internet. One of their aims is the "abolishment of 'Abmahnvereine' [associations founded to observe compliance with anticompetition regulations], and consumer protection should be entirely in the hands of an institute in which entrepreneurs, scientists, and consumers are equally represented (political parties are excluded)".<br />
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==Definition (Germany)==<br />
In Germany, dietary supplements are de jure food and therefore subject to the LFGB (Lebensmittel- und Futtergesetzbuch, Food and animal feed code). Dietary supplements, in particular, are foodstuffs with nutritional or physiological effects meant to complement a regular diet. They are sold in the form of capsules, lozenges, tablets, pills, ampoules containing liquids, or bottles containing small amounts. Legal substances are listed in the addendum 1 of Nahrungsergänzungsmittelverordnung (NemV, Dietary supplement Regulations).<br />
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==Legal situation==<br />
===Germany/EU===<br />
Dietary supplements must only be registered with the Bundesamt für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit (BVL, Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety). Supervision of dietary supplements sold in shops is the duty of food surveillance authorities maintained by the federal states.<br>Dietary supplements which were only marketed in insignificant amounts within the EU before the [[Novel-Food]] Regulations became effective are subject to the EC regulation No 258/97 concerning novel food and novel food ingredients of the European Parliament and Council as of January 27th, 1997<ref>http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31997R0258:de:HTML</ref>. This is the case with e.g. [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Superfrucht exotic fruits] and products made of them.<br />
This regulation provides such food must pass an approval procedure prior to placing it on the market. This approval is granted only when, in the course of this procedure, the product is proven not to pose health risks.<br />
Certain labeling obligations will have to be observed:<br />
*all characteristics or nutritional properties like composition, caloric value or nutritional effects, intended use of the food resulting in a novel food or novel food ingredient which is not comparable to an existing food or food ingredient. A novel food is considered to be non-comparable when scientific analyses prove that properties tested show differences to conventional food.<br />
*The properties modified as well as the procedure used to achieve this modification are to be listed as well as<br />
*substances contained that are not found in comparable existing food and that can influence the health of certain groups of the population; <br />
*substances contained which are not part of comparable existing foodstuffs and meeting ethical reservations. If no comparable food exists, regulations for proper consumer information have to be enacted. <br />
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The EC Regulation No 1924/2006 of the European Parliament and Council dated December 20, 2006 is put into force by the [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Health_Claims Health-Claims-Regulation] coming into effect. This regulaton provides that nutritional and health-relevant claims may only be used in advertisement and labeling when explicitly approved by the "Health Claims Regulation" and if corresponding to nutrient profiles issued by the European Food and Safety Authority (EFSA)<ref>http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/scdocs/scdoc/644.htm</ref>. If a declaration (e.g. an advertisement claim) is not approved, it may not be used. A prohibition principle with a caveat is to be observed: „What is not allowed explicitly is forbidden". There is also a strict principle of scientific proof: Approvable is what can be confirmed by the use of accepted scientific findings.<br />
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In Germany, §12 LFGB already banned the use of health-related claims in relation to food<ref>http://bundesrecht.juris.de/lfgb/__12.html</ref>.<br />
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German Dietary Supplement Regulations are often deliberately side-stepped by importing such food from countries with more liberal regulations. Products containing prohibited dietary supplements can be obtained without problem through sources in the USA, Russia or the Netherlands, with authorities only able to prevent such imports in isolated cases. The exact contents of such products usually also remain dubious.<br />
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==Allowed ingredients==<br />
Typical ingredients are minerals, vitamins, pseudo-vitamins and antioxidants. In Germany, appendix 1 of the NemV regulates the ingredients allowed in dietary supplements[http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/nemv/anlage_1_8.html].<br />
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==Advertising messages used with dietary supplements==<br />
Since January 1<sup>st</sup>2007, advertising messages used with dietary supplements are regulated by the new Health Claims Regulations. Same like other food, illness-related statements and indications are not allowed and their use can be fined. In practice, this prohibition is disregarded, not only regularly but to a great extent. This is particularly true in the internet. Specifically so-called [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Guerilla-Marketing guerilla marketing] methods (e.g. marketing on internet boards) are applied to avoid being fined for violating the advertisement ban. Often, several such advertisers - in the disguise of a regular user - cooperate and 'complement' each other, or an individual may soliloquise with their own socket puppets. Usually new board users will start threads on health issues and ask for advice. Shortly after this, another new board member will offer advice suprisingly fast and advertises a product praised for allegedly having cured the replier or some acquaintance. Such marketers will also use private messages or E-mails, targeting users who ask questions.<br />
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The consumer advice center of Northrhine-Westfalia, after having performed random tests at internet boards, points out that such boards are used ''to stir attention'' for questionable dietary supplements. Such absurd postings are frequently written by retailers themselves. Some 30 reports on aloe vera gels, vitamin and mineral preparations raised special attention. Every second author of such postings openly admitted they were retailers (5 reports) or offered additional information regarding the product or ways to order it (10 reports). It does not come as a surprise, therefore, that 26 of the 30 reports checked featured irregular and absurd advertisement messages.<br />
While commercial producers and merchants would be in violation of legal provisions prohibition if they used health-related advertisement claims, the posters in internet boards obviously assume they can operate freely. Food expert Angela Clausen of consumer advise centre Northrhine-Westfalia criticizes: ”They operate in a grey area, largely defying controls by food surveillance and so far remain unchallenged.”. The Cologne Higher Regional Court in February 2008 decided that producers of dietary supplements are also to be held liable for exaggerated or inaccurate advertisements found on the websites of their distribution partners(file reference: 6 U 149/07).<ref>http://www.vz-nrw.de/UNIQ122313037328397/link502181A.html</ref><br />
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Advertisements used by the dietary supplement industry almost always suggest a deficiency of certain substances or active agents. This is usually backed by dubious or biased sources, or sources are quoted distortingly. Another frequently procedure is to present small scale producer-financed studies to suggest these were neutral sources.<br />
<br />
==Alleged vitamin deficiency used as a marketing argument==<br />
Dietary supplements are often advertised as a remedy to an allegedly spreading vitamin deficiency. Healthy persons living on a balanced diet, however, do not need additional vitamins in dietary supplements. According to studies on the common dietary situation in Germany, dietary supplements are unnecessary except for special cases like pregnancy (folic acid), alcoholism (vitamin B12), or diseases requiring a special diet. Such persons must seek doctor's advice instead of taking supplements recommended by laypersons. The Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung (DGE, German Nutritional Society) compared the nutritional value of three kinds of food over the last 50 years. According to their results, oranges have the same amount of vitamin C as 50 years ago, same like potatoes. Only apples showed an oscillation over the years. Scientists think this is due to seasonal influence and do not regard this as an indication of a general loss of nutrients. Food chemists of the University of Kaiserslautern investigated the hypothesis of an alleged loss of nutrients. They could not find any evidence indicating vitamin or mineral deficiency in persons living on a balanced diet. Gerhard Eisenbrand, head of the research group conducting this investigation, calls nutrient deficiency a "myth". Beat Bächli discusses the history of marketing strategies for vitamin C deficiency in his book <ref>Beat Bächi: Vitamin C für alle! Pharmazeutische Produktion, Vermarktung und Gesundheitspolitik (1933-1953). Chronos Verlag</ref> [http://www.zeit.de/2009/21/A-Vitamin-C] [http://orf.at/090625-39701/?href=http%3A%2F%2Forf.at%2F090625-39701%2F38682txt_story.html].<br />
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==Dietary supplement business and volume in Germany==<br />
Dietary supplements often have low production costs and high retail prices, i.e. a high profit margin. Fruit and vegetable powders are cheap, but very expensive when put into small gelatine capsules. Crab shells and grapefruit seeds are waste materials of food industry. Put in capsules and labeled as dietary supplements, they can be sold at quite a high price.<br />
Each year dietary supplements worth one billion <ref>Angaben des Bayerischen Rundfunk, 2008 [http://www.br-online.de/bayerisches-fernsehen/faszination-wissen/faszination-wissen-vitamine-nutrigenomik-ID1204988186794.xml]</ref> to 1.3 billion<ref>http://www.vz-nrw.de/UNIQ124099406705519/link556511A.html</ref> Euro are sold in Germany alone.<br />
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==Criticism==<br />
The Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (BfR, Federal Institute for Risk Assesment) deems dietary supplements unnecessary for healthy persons living on a regular diet<ref>http://www.bfr.bund.de/cd/945</ref>. Such a diet will provide the human body with everything it needs. An additional intake of single nutrients therefore was not necessary. An unbalanced, one-sided diet will not become balanced by the use of dietary supplements. Only in specific situations uncommon in Germany will necessitate a special supplementation of one's diet with particular nutrients. According to the German Nutrition Society, supplementation is reasonable only regarding iodine (in the form of iodated salt) and folic acid (with pregnant women).<br />
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An analysis of different meta and randomized studies evaluated the current state of knowledge regarding the influence of vitamins A, C and E (which are also promoted as [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Antioxidantien antioxidants]) as well as beta-carotene for treatment or prevention of coronary diseases, cancer, eye diseases, and common cold. It concluded that the existing randomized studies do not allow to deduce a clear clinical value. Additionally, beta-carotene increases the probability of acquiring lung cancer and the overall mortality rate, especially with smokers.<ref>Arzneimitteltelegramm, 2003; 34: 100-2, 111-3</ref><br />
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Anti-oxidants are frequently used by cancer patients to counter unwanted effects of chemo or radiotherapy. Experimental as well as clinical data, however, support the assumption that they, to a certain extent, may even protect tumor cells. According to several randomized studies, particularly the concurrent intake of high doses of anti-oxidants during radiation therapy impairs response and decreases survival time.<ref>"Prävention mit Antioxidanzien: Schaden überwiegt", Arzneimitteltelegramm, 12/2008</ref><br />
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==Dietary supplements and Doping==<br />
An international study of the Institute of Biochemistry at the German Sport University Cologne, promoted by the IOC, showed that approximately 15% of dietary supplements bought in 13 different countries contained anabolics (mainly prohormones) which were not declared on the package. In Germany, app. 11% of samples contained illegal anabolics. These anabolics are probably contaminations acquired during the production process and have no doping effect, but may result in positive doping tests. This poses a problem both to competitive athletes as well as to producers of dietary supplements. The so-called 'Kölner Liste' [Cologne catalogue] issued by the Olympic training center in Cologne-Bonn-Leverkusen offers some guidance regarding doping contamination.<br />
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==Health Risks==<br />
Freely available dietary supplements can severely damage the liver, especially those sold via the internet. They are often contamined with substances causing damage to the liver, or may even contain substances which are illegal in Germany because of these effects. This applies to turmeric extracts, St. John's wort, and slimming agents, and in particular to products of Herbalife company.<ref>Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften, 14.09.2010 - NPO</ref><ref>http://www.scinexx.de/wissen-aktuell-12256-2010-09-14.html</ref><ref>http://www.bfr.bund.de/cd/945</ref><br />
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==Examples==<br />
===German===<br />
Some examples of [http://www.psiram.com/index.php?title=Kategorie:Nahrungserg%C3%A4nzungsmittel dietary supplements]:<br />
*[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=11-Pflanzen-Schlank-Kur 11-Pflanzen-Schlank-Kur (11-herbs slimming agent)]<br />
*[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Anthocyane Anthocyane]<br />
*[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Avemar Avemar]<br />
*[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Chlorophyll Chlorophyll]<br />
*[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Ginkgo_biloba Ginkgo biloba]]<br />
*[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Ginseng Ginseng]<br />
*[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Goji Goji]-berries<br />
*[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Haifit Haifit shark cartilage]<br />
*[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Maca Maca]<br />
*[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Mangostan Mangostan]<br />
*[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Mexican_Wild_Yam Mexican Wild Yam]<br />
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==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Nahrungsergänzungsmittel Nahrungsergänzungmittel] German version used as base for this article.<br />
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==Literature==<br />
*Udo Pollmer, Susanne Warmuth. Pillen, Pulver, Powerstoffe: Die falschen Versprechen der Nahrungsergänzungsmittel. Verlag: Eichborn; (April 2008) ISBN-10: 382185622X ISBN-13: 978-3821856223<br />
*Cohen PA. American roulette? contaminated dietary supplements. New England Journal of Medicine, 8. Oktober 2009 [http://healthcarereform.nejm.org/?p=2017&query=home]<br />
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==Weblinks(German)==<br />
*http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Diätetisches_Lebensmittel<br />
*[http://www.vz-nrw.de/UNIQ122313051228656/link21080A.html Nahrungsergänzungsmittel - Revier der Scharlatane]<br />
*[http://www.vz-nrw.de/UNIQ124099406705519/link556511A.html Nahrungsergänzungsmittel: Verbraucherzentrale NRW warnt vor oftmals gefährlichen Nebenwirkungen]<br />
* http://www.bfr.bund.de/cd/945<br />
* http://www.dge.de/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=180<br />
* http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/nemv/index.html<br />
* http://www.krebsinformationsdienst.de/themen/behandlung/nahrungsergaenzungsmittel.php<br />
* http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/mensch/0,1518,624117,00.html<br />
* [http://www.zeit.de/2010/22/E-Vitamine Eva-Maria Schnurr: ''Gesunde Ernährung - Leere Versprechen. Fast jeder dritte Deutsche nimmt Vitamintabletten. Doch neue Studien zeigen: Nur die Vitamine in echtem Obst und Gemüse sind gesund, Pillen können sogar schaden'', Zeit-Online, 14.6.2010]<br />
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==Weblinks(English)==<br />
*[http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/sep/12/matthiasrath.aids Abuse of dietary supplemtn: Example of Matthias Rath]<br />
*[http://content.nejm.org/cgi/reprint/361/16/1523.pdf Report on contamination in US-dietary supplements]<br />
*http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/reprint/297/8/842.pdf<br />
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==Sources==<br />
<references/><br />
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[[category:Dietary Supplements]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Andrew_Wakefield&diff=924Andrew Wakefield2011-02-23T09:18:47Z<p>Pamela: /* Literature */</p>
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<div>[[image:Wakefield.jpg|thumb]]<br />
'''Andrew Jeremy Wakefield''' (born 1957) is a British surgeon who received a lot of attention with a 1998 publication in ''The Lancet'', both among experts and in public. The article titled ''Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children''<ref name=Wakefield98>Wakefield AJ et al.: ''Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children''. Lancet. 351(9103), 1998, S. 637-41 PMID 9500320 ([http://www.healthprotection.org.uk/ncbugs/ACROBATS/Wakefield98.pdf PDF, 592 kB])</ref> correlates MMR vaccination with autism. As a consequence, vaccination rates dropped, especially in Great Britain.<br />
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In 2004, it became public that Wakefield had received 55,000 £ from lawyers representing parents of autistic children prior to the publication of his article.<ref>Brian Deer: ''[http://briandeer.com/mmr/lancet-deer-1.htm Revealed: MMR Research Scandal]'' The Sunday Times (London) February 22 2004</ref>. Lawyers were looking for connections between autism and vaccination in order to sue manufacturers of vaccines. This was known neither to Wakefield's co-authors nor to ''The Lancet''. As a consequence, ten of thirteen authors stepped back.<ref>Murch SH et al.: Retraction of an interpretation. Lancet. 2004;363(9411):750 PMID 15016483</ref> In February 2010, the article was retracted by ''The Lancet''.<ref name="retraction">The Editors of The Lancet: Retraction &ndash; Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children. The Lancet, Early Online Publication, 2 February 2010. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60175-7</ref><br />
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Wakefield resigned from his position in the ''Royal Free Hospital'' in London 2001, and now works for a private hospital in the USA. In 2007, he had to face charges by the British Medical Association.<ref>Reiner Luyken: ''[http://images.zeit.de/text/2007/17/M-Anti-Impfkampagne Panik vor dem Piks]''. DIE ZEIT, 19.04.2007, 17/2007</ref>In May 2010 he received an occupational ban<ref name='NIH'>http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/medizin/0,1518,696472,00.html</ref>.<br />
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His long refuted theories nonetheless are still accepted by esoteric or [[CAM]] inspired circles and persons, e.g. [[Christopher Maloney]].<br />
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==''The Lancet'' article in 1998==<br />
In February 1998, a group around Andrew Wakefield published a report titled "''Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children''" in the renowned medical publication ''The Lancet''.<ref name=Wakefield98>AJ Wakefield et al.: ''Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children''. Lancet. 351(9103), 1998, S. 637-41 PMID 9500320 [http://www.healthprotection.org.uk/ncbugs/ACROBATS/Wakefield98.pdf PDF]</ref> The report analysed the cases of twelve autistic children who were treated in the Royal Free Hospital in the north of London in 1996-1997. The report described bowel related symptoms which, according to Wakefield, were to be seen as proof of a completely new syndrome which he later called Autistic Enterocolitis. Wakefield recommended a closer investigation of possible causes in the environment of these children, so e.g. in respect to the MMR vaccine. The publication suggested a connection between stomach-bowel symptoms and developmental disorders found in these children which was perceived as ostensibly related to the MMR vaccination. A causal connection of MMR vaccines leading to autism, however, was not established. In a press conference prior to the publication, Wakefield said he recommended the use of single vaccines instead of the triple MMR until clarification was obtained. He further stated that eight of the twelve parents considered the vaccination a possible cause, as vaccination and first symptoms occured within days. He stated he could not support the further use of MMR vaccine without detailed investigation. In a video recording prepared for TV in advance he demanded to stop the use of MMR and replace them with single vaccines instead.<ref>[http://briandeer.com/wakefield/royal-video.htm Video des Wakefield-Interviews]</ref><br />
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===The resulting dispute===<br />
Report, press conference, and video unsettled the Britisch public. A heated debate followed, in which both sides used Wakefield's research as arguments. He was publicly criticized, with his critics expressing doubts regarding correctness as well as ethics of his research. Government and National Health Service (NHS) emphasized that extensive epidemiological data showed no correlation between MMR vaccination and developmental disorders. Many parents refused to believe this, since official information had been discredited earlier, as in the case of BSE. Government was accused that their true motif for rejecting single vaccinations was the higher cost of these. As a result, MMR vaccination rates decreased from&nbsp;92% (1996) to&nbsp;84% (2002). It was suspected that only&nbsp;60% of neccessary MMR vaccinations were performed in some districts of London which is substantially below what is needed for herd immunity of measles. Although no measles epidemic occured so far, physicians warned that epidemics were possible since the number of infections was increasing.<br />
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One issue in the dispute was that only the combined vaccine is available via NHS. Parents rejecting this vaccine can either pay for single vaccinations out of their own pockets or not vaccinate at all. Although Prime Minister Tony Blair publically defended the MMR vaccine, he refused to comment the vaccination status of his youngest son Leo at the same time.<br />
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The majority of pediatricians prefer the combined vaccine, as it is less strenuous for the child, and many parents rather have one vaccination done instead of three.<br />
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Epidemiological research on hundreds of thousands of children in numerous studies failed to indicate a link between MMR vaccination and autism. Critics of these studies, like the retired intern John Walker-Smith, although a supporter of the triple vaccine, labelled epidemiology a 'blunt tool' which does not necessarily expose such connections.<ref>http://www.vaccinationnews.com/DailyNews/February2002/AutBowMeas.htm</ref> As an example, it is difficult to find to populations differing in vaccination status only.<br />
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Dr.&nbsp;Wakefield gave up his position at the Royal Free Hospital in 2001 and now works for a controversial private hospital in the USA. His continued studies include research on possible immunological, metabolical, and pathological changes caused by "Autistic Enterocolitis", as well as connections between bowel diseases and neurological disorders in children and a possible connection between these disorders and influences like vaccines<ref>[http://www.thoughtfulhouse.org/bio_awakefield.htm A.&nbsp;Wakefield at his new employer]</ref><br />
<br />
===Conflict of interest===<br />
In February 2004, journalist Brian Deer exposed information that Wakefield had recieved £&nbsp;55.000 in third-party funds prior to publishing the ''Lancet'' report, with the money paid by lawyers looking for a connection between autism and MMR vaccination.<ref>[http://briandeer.com/mmr/lancet-deer-1.htm B ''Deer: Revealed: MMR Research Scandal'']. The Sunday Times, London, February&nbsp;22, 2004</ref> According to the ''Sunday Times'', several of the parents quoted were involved in law suits against manufacturers of MMR vaccines. Although Wakefield stated that these third-party funds had been public from the beginning, the fact that this was known neither to the ''Lancet'' nor to his co-authors raised much criticism. On February 20, 2004, the ''Lancet'' rated Wakefield's study ''flawed'' due to a ''fatal conflict of interest'' and concluded it should have never been published. Several of Wakefield's co-authors also criticized the lack of information about these third-party funds in explicit ways.<ref>[http://www.staffnurse.com/nursing-news-articles/mmr-autism-link-study-476.html]</ref> The General Medical Council, responsible for issuing medical licences and surveillance of medical ethics in Great Britain, began investigations.<ref>[http://briandeer.com/wakefield/gmc-alleges.htm]</ref><br />
<br />
Furthermore, nine months before the incriminated report caused world-wide anxiety and uncertainty regarding the MMR vaccines, a series of patents protecting several potentially very profitable products happened to be submitted by Wakefield and the Royal Free Hospital Medical School in London. Obviously, such products would enjoy a much larger chance on the market if and when the MMR vaccines experienced a damage in reputation. The patents e.g. covered an allegedly safe measles vaccine and medication for the treatment of bowel diseases and autism which were all based on the assumption these conditions were caused by MMR vaccination.<ref>http://briandeer.com/wakefield-deer.htm</ref><br />
<br />
===''Lancet'' report retracted===<br />
As a consequence of Brian Deer's article, ten of altogether thirteen authors of the report formally renounced the claim of having found a connection between autism and MMR.<ref>Murch SH et al.: Retraction of an interpretation. Lancet. 2004;363(9411):750 PMID 15016483</ref> Deer continued investigations in a documentation on British TV titled ''MMR: What They Didn't Tell You'', which was broadcast Nov.&nbsp;18, 2004. The report accused Wakefield of owning patents on a product competitive to MMR, and of being aware of test results from his own laboratories in definite contradiction to his claims.<ref>B Deer: [http://briandeer.com/wakefield-deer.htm Further accusations]</ref> On February 2, 2010, ''The Lancet'' announced to have the 1998 article removed completely from their list of publications.<ref name="retraction"/><ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/8493753.stm Lancet accepts MMR study 'false'</ref><br />
<br />
===Anti-Vaccination lawyers paid 3.5&nbsp;million Pound===<br />
Further investigation by the English newspaper ''Sunday Times'' established that Wakefield and others, prior to the publication, received up to 3.5&nbsp;million British Pound from a law firm which represented the parents of children allegedly affected. Andrew Wakefield apparently received 500,000 pound, with first payments already having been made two years prior to the controversial publication. Five of Wakefield's co-authors and one reviewer who checked the publication for ''The Lancet'' had also received personal payments. <ref>H. Kaulen: [http://www.faz.net/s/Rub9D1EE68AC11C4C50AC3F3509F354677D/Doc~EC63B7196515B464D9C345BA3990C6991~ATpl~Ecommon~Scontent.html Artikel in der FAZ], 8. Januar 2007</ref><br />
<br />
As a consequence, the Gerneral Medical Council prepared legal steps to have Wakefield's medical licence revoked.<ref>Reiner Luyken: ''[http://www.zeit.de/2007/17/M-Anti-Impfkampagne?page=all Panik vor dem Piks]''. Die Zeit, 19.&nbsp;April 2007, Nr.&nbsp;17</ref><br />
<br />
==New studies on autism==<br />
Epidemiological research shows an upward trend for autism in recent years. The cause is uncertain; however, a change in diagnostics and census is more likely than an increase in actual numbers.<ref>B Taylor et al.: ''Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination and bowel problems or developmental regression in children with autism: population study''. British Medical Journal, Vol 324, Feb. 16 2002, p. 393-396 [http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/reprint/324/7334/393?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=1&author1=taylor%2C+b&author2=miller%2C+e&andorexacttitle=and&andorexacttitleabs=and&andorexactfulltext=and&searchid=1113249908936_21240&stored_search=&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&resourcetype=1,2,3,4 PDF]</ref><ref>[http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/eletters/330/7483/112-d# BMJJournals.com] - 'Rapid Responses to: Increase in autism due to change in definition, not MMR vaccine' ''British Medical Journal'' (Meinungsaustausch der ''BMJ''-Website)</ref><ref name="Barbar">WJ Barbaresi et al.: ''The incidence of autism in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1976-1997: results from a population-based study''. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. Jan. 2005, 159(1), p. 37-44 PMID 15630056</ref> Diagnosis of autism has intensified in recent years, with children being examined more efficiently and at an earlier age than before. A causal link between MMR and autism can be excluded with utmost probability, as is shown by the studies quoted below which also happen to be far more comprehensive than Wakefield's. Science today assumes that the different forms of autism are essentially coined by genetic factors. The importance of genetics in this field is emphasized by studies including twins: Whereas identical twins show a correlation of 80% to 90%, this risk is much lower for fraternal twins.<br />
<br />
* Following Wakefield's publication, many studies researched a connection between MMR and autism. <ref>List of 17 studies on a MMR-Autism link, Immunization Action Coalition [http://www.immunize.org/catg.d/p4026.pdf]</ref> In October 2003, a EU-funded meta-study was published, reviewing the results of 120 previous studies, summarizing and analyzing the adverse effects of MMR-vaccine<ref>T Jefferson: ''Unintended events following immunization with MMR: a systematic review''. Vaccine. 2003 Sep 8;21(25-26), p. 3954-60 PMID 12922131</ref>. The authors concluded:<br />
**The vaccine has both positive and adverse effects<br />
**A connection between MMR and autism is ''highly unlikely'' <br />
**Design and report of results relevant for security in MMR vaccine studies are mostly inadequate<br />
<br />
* In January 2005, an intensive research in one county in Minnesota reported an eightfold increase in autism. Research covered a time span from the early 1980ies to the late 1990ies. No connection to MMR was established. Authors suspect that a change in both diagnostics and definitions is responsible for this increase.<ref name="Barbar"/><br />
<br />
* In March 2005, a study on 30,000 children born in a district of Yokohama concluded that autism is on the rise (from 46-86 cases in 10,000 children to 97-161 cases in 10,000 children), despite the fact that MMR vaccines were no longer used in Japan since April 1993. The authors concluded ''"The relevance of these results is that MMR is most likely not a cause of ASD, as the rise in ASD cannot be explained, and a withdrawal of MMR in countries where it is still in use will not lead to a decline in ASD."''.<ref>H Honda, Y Shimizu, M Rutter: ''No effect of MMR withdrawal on the incidence of autism: a total population study''. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2005 Jun;46(6):572-9. PMID 15877763</ref> Wakefield claims, however, the rise in autism backed by data obtained supported his hypothesis.<ref>''Japanese Study Is The Strongest Evidence Yet For A Link Between MMR And Autism''. The Red Flag, March&nbsp;6, 2005 [http://www.redflagsweekly.com/articles/2005_mar06_2.html]</ref> His point of view was met with little support, however.<ref>I Sample: ''Lingering fears of MMR-autism link dispelled''. The Guardian, 3.&nbsp;März 2005&nbsp;[http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0%2C3604%2C1429115%2C00.html]</ref><br />
<br />
* In October 2005, the ''Cochrane Library'' published a summary of scientific studies and concluded: ''"There is no plausible proof for the harmfullness of MMR vaccine"''. On the other hand, these authors, too, criticized the design and the reporting of security-relevant results in MMR studies as largely inadequate.<ref name= Demicheli2005>V Demicheli,T Jefferson, A Rivetti, D Price: ''Vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella in children''. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD004407. [http://www.cochrane.org/press/MMR_final.pdf PDF]</ref> Cochrane - situated in Oxford, England - is seen as the highest independent control for medical publications and as a guardian of evidence-based medicine by many scientists.<br />
<br />
* A case-control study dated 2008 renders a connection between MMR and autism highly improbable.<ref>Hornig M, Briese T, Buie T, Bauman ML, Lauwers G, et al. 2008 Lack of Association between Measles Virus Vaccine and Autism with Enteropathy: A Case-Control Study. PLoS ONE 3(9): e3140 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003140</ref><br />
<br />
==Revocation of medical licence==<br />
In May 2010, Wakefield lost his medical licence for Great Britain due to inappropriate conduct. The General Medical Council did not review the scientific basis for his research, but its realization. One issue was that Wakefield e.g. included a blood sample obtained from friends of his son's on the occasion of his son's birthday party, and of also having made payments for the samples. The Council stated this was not in accordance with an appropriate conduct and caused damage to the medical profession.<br />
<br />
Wakefield migrated to the USA where he founded a non-profit autism center in 2005. Despite the occupational ban in Great Britain he can practise medicine legally in the USA.<ref name='NIH'/>.<br />
<br />
==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Andrew_Wakefield Andrew Wakefield]<br />
<br />
==Literature==<br />
*Parker, S.J., Schwartz, B., Todd, J., and L.K. Pickering. 2004. Thimerosal-Containing Vaccines and Autistic Spectrum Disorder: A Critical Review of Published Original Data. Pediatrics, 114(3): Seiten 793-804<br />
<br />
==Weblinks==<br />
* http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/2011/01/piltdown_medicine_andrew_wakefields_scie.php<br />
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/3513365.stm BBC Profile: Dr. Andrew Wakefield]<br />
* http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/health/article5683671.ece<br />
* http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/health/article5683643.ece<br />
* http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2009/sep/22/autism-rate-mmr-vaccine<br />
*[http://news.scotsman.com/news/Andrew-Wakefield--doctor-who.6024512.jp News.scotsman.com, 28.&nbsp;Januar 2010] Andrew Wakefield - doctor who linked MMR to autism - is damned by General Medical Council.<br />
<br />
==Quellennachweise==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
{{Wikipedia|Wikititle=Andrew_Wakefield|Year=2008|Month=7}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Wakefield, Andrew}}<br />
[[category:Surgeon]]<br />
[[category:Pseudoscientist]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Prahlad_Jani&diff=923Prahlad Jani2011-02-23T09:16:21Z<p>Pamela: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[image:jani.jpg|Prahlad Jani|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Jani2.jpg|thumb]]<br />
'''Prahlad Jani''' (Jay Ambe Prahaladbhai Maganlal Jani, or Chunriwala Mataji; also called "Mataji" by his followers; born August&nbsp;13th, 1929) is an Indian fakir and, according to some sources, a follower of Jainism&nbsp;(*) or follower of the Hindu goddess Amba<ref>http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/worldnews/article-1274779/The-man-says-eaten-drunk-70-years-Why-eminent-doctors-taking-seriously.html?ito=feeds-newsxml</ref>) from Gujarat who claims not to have consumed beverages or usual food since he was eight years old (i.e. for 74&nbsp;years as of 2010). Claims of this type are known as [[Inedia]]. Jani himself believes in a miraculous gift from Indian goddess Amba Mata, and that he is fed a mysterious fluid called „Amrit" nectar through a „hole“ in his palate.<br />
<br />
In June 2006, "Discovery Channel" aired a documentary about Jani ("The Boy with Divine Powers") which attracted international attention and interest in his case. Jani's case was also made public by Indian neurologist and Jainism follower [[Sudhir Vadilal Shah]] of Ahmedabad (chairman of All India Jain Doctors Federation)<ref>http://www.sudhirneuro.org/files/jain_religion.pdf</ref> and ''Immediate past-chairman, NJDF (National Jain Doctors Federation India) & Present International coordinator of JDF''. The JDF association means to ''Promote scientific research and medical education based on principles of Jainism''.<ref>http://www.jaindoctorsfederation.org/aimsandobjectives.html</ref><br />
Shah participated in a group of physicians performing two examinations of the alleged abilities of Mr.&nbsp;Jani in 2003 and 2010. The results of these examinations were interpreted by Shah in favour of his own hypothesis that the abilities of Jani were „scientifically inexplicable“ and were an endorsement of his hypothesis about a possible autotrophic nutrition (photoautotrophism) in man, known only in plants and algae and not in humans. Shah does not exclude the possibility of a cosmic energy feeding Prahlad Jani.<br />
<br />
No scientific publication on the 2003 experiment is known so far in scientific databases, while data for the 2010 experiment are only preliminary. The only source of data are statements in press conferences given by co-operating physicians which were spread in many newspaper articles and TV broadcasts worldwide. Another source is the private homepage of neurologist Sudhir Shah.<br />
<br />
The ''Indian Rationalist Association (IRA)'' called Jani a "village fraud". This Indian association already debunked several "miracles" of alleged inedia in the past.<ref>http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/worldnews/article-1274779/The-man-says-eaten-drunk-70-years-Why-eminent-doctors-taking-seriously.html?ito=feeds-newsxml</ref><br />
<br />
==Biographic Data==<br />
Little is known about Jani/Mataji, and sources are limited to his entourage.<br />
He was born August&nbsp;13th, 1929 in the Indian village of Charada (or ''Charod'') in the district of Mehsana/Gujarat. According to a legend, he left his home at the age of seven and became a wandering sadhu. When he was eleven (according to other sources, eight), he had some sort of „supernatural experience“ which changed his life completely. He allegedly lost every desire for eating or drinking, and since then no defecation happened and he also no longer passed urine. He also is said never to have been ill, but in 1942 he apparently was admitted to Jaslok hospital for unknown reasons (obviously without his consent) where he stayed for 45&nbsp;days. According to the aforementioned legend, he also stopped speaking and did not talk for 45&nbsp;years (Maunbrat practice).<br />
Jani claims to experience a „Samadhi state" every day, filling him with light. An "Amrit nectar" fluid allegedly feeds him through a hole in his palate. According to Hindu texts, this liquid is considered a "drink of gods", causing the consuming person to become immortal. However, an MRT picture done in 2003 shows no such hole in his palate (see picture).<br />
<br />
Prahlad Jani wears the dress of a devotee of the goddess Ambaji: a red sari-like garment. He wears a nose ring, bangles and crimson flowers in his hair.<br />
<br />
In statements found on the internet and in newspaper articles, Jani is said to live in a cave near the Ambaji temple in the state of Gujarat (about 120&nbsp;kilometres north of Ahmedabad). This allegation cannot be validated, however. In videos published on YouTube, Jani regularly gets presented in a house environment, often surrounded by followers (e.g. fanning him). Other videos show him in the „Sterling hospital“ in Ahmedabad.<br />
<br />
==Examinations in 2003==<br />
[[image:SterlingH.jpg|Sterling Hospital, Ahmedabad|thumb]]<br />
[[image:PrahladJani2.jpg|Inside "Sterling Clinic" 2003|thumb]]<br />
[[image:PJen.jpg|Some blood parameters during examination in November 2003 (source: Shah&nbsp;[http://www.sudhirneuro.org/files/mataji_case_study.pdf])|600px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Jani6.jpg|Body weight (private homepage Sudhir Shah)|300px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:MRT-Mataji.jpg|Normal MRT without pathologic signs, excluding any "hole" in the palate|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Jani5.jpg|Prahlad Jani during examination|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Jani4.jpg|Picture from CCTV camera|thumb]]<br />
The alleged extraordinary abilities and claims of this Indian fakir of being able to live without any source of chemically bound energy and without water, were object of an examination in November 2003. No independent sceptic observers were allowed or invited to this experiment.<ref>http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/belief/2010/may/18/prahlad-jani-india-sunshine</ref> Jani was examined in the private "Sterling Hospital"<ref>Sterling Hospital, Gurukul Road, Ahmedabad</ref> in the Western Indian town of Ahmedabad in the state of Gujarat during a period of nine days of supposed absence of food and drinking water. At the beginning, it was planned to check him over a seven day period in order to prolong the planned observation time without threatening his life. Sterling Hospital, however, refused any responsibility and refuted any payment in case of side effects. In the end, the state of Gujarat (i.e. the tax payers) guaranteed an insurance in case of side effects.<br />
<br />
The examination started November&nbsp;13th at 10&nbsp;am and ended November&nbsp;22nd at 10&nbsp;am<ref>source: private homepage Sudhir Shah</ref> (9&nbsp;days). Jani was admitted to the intensive care department the first day. According to the panel of physicians performing the examination, his toilet was sealed for the next eight days and he stayed in a room with a glass door. He left that room twice per day for examinations (bladder sonography, MRT, ...).<br />
<br />
One of the physicians participating was the Ahmedabad neurologist Sudhir&nbsp;V. Shah who examined several similar cases in the past: Ellen Greve (Jasmuheen)<ref>according to a statement on private homepage Sudhir Shah</ref> and Colcata engineer Hira Ratan Manek. There is no information available on Shah's examination of Greve/Jasmuheen. Ellen Greve also claimed „not to eat“, but she was seen eating several times, and this is confirmed by close associates of hers. A test performed together with Australian&nbsp;TV failed after five days of fasting and had to be stopped by the physician present. Hira Ratan Manek also claims never to eat. He travels around the world and often stays in Canada and USA for longer periods. Manek apparently makes a living on an income earned by sales of DVDs and lectures on the subject of inedia. However, like Jasmuheen, Manek has been caught eating several times and even was filmed in an Indian restaurant in San Francisco, a behaviour clearly betraying his followers who believe in his inedia. Neurologist Shah, who examined Manek, declared that he checked Manek's abilities and found no explanation for his alleged inedia. All examinations done by Sudhir Shah so far resulted in nothing else but a „success“ or „inexplicable facts“. Both Hira Ratan Manek and Jani are followers of Indian Jainism (Jani: probably&nbsp;*). The Indian Jain monk Sri Sahaj Muni Maharaj also claims that he did not eat over a period of one year (in 1995; only 211&nbsp;days according to other sources). Fasting is an important issue in Jainism and it is common in India for Jains and Hindus, sometimes for up to eight days, without any adverse affects, as part of their religious worship.<br />
<br />
According to the examining group of physicians, Jani could not eat or drink during that period and he had no defecation and passed no urine. Some urine was sonographically found in his bladder (about 0.1&nbsp;litres, but when Jani was informed about it, the urine disappeared later). On an MRT picture, some stool can be seen. Part of the results of the examination remain secret. So e.g. no information regarding his body weight has been made public. Furthermore, at least one entry for blood sugar data was erased from a (private) website giving Jani's blood data.<br />
<br />
According to private web pages reporting the 2003 examination, Prahlad Jani showed signs of being a „healthy man“, with the exception of a hearing loss. At a point in time close to the November 2003 examination (no specific date given), his heart rate was between 42-46&nbsp;beats/minute, blood pressure was 114/80&nbsp;mmHg (110/60 according to another source), and breathing frequency was 12-16&nbsp;/min. Radiology showed stool and gas in the gut. Some urine was also found in his bladder which later vanished miraculously.<br />
<br />
One of the main questions, that of body weight and changes in weight, remains a secret. We are told his weight either did not change, or only in the region of a few grams. On the other side, the blood samples taken also have a weight of several grams. On a private website publishing data of the 2003 examination, Jani's height (1.50&nbsp;m) and a precise value of his BMI (16,89) are mentioned. These data allow the assumption of his body weight at 38,0&nbsp;kg. The precise day these data were taken, however, is not known. On the other hand, according to neurologist Shah, Jani's body weight changed between 38&nbsp;and 42&nbsp;kg. But again, it is not known to which period of time this indication relates.<br />
A significant drop in body weight during a controlled period of real fasting is not compatible with claims of inedia. Such a drop in body weight is known from other cases, for instance in the case of German anthroposophist [[Michael Werner]], leading to the conclusion that his claims of inedia are an illusion, not a fact. While fasting, Werner lost more than two kilogrammes in a week. Other fasting persons e.g. lost 6&nbsp;kg over 10&nbsp;days. Hira Ratan Manek even lost as much<br />
as 42&nbsp;kg.<br />
<br />
Some (if not all?) blood parameters obtained in the November 2003 examination of Jani are shown on the web pages of Sudhir Shah.<ref>http://www.sudhirneuro.org/files/mataji_case_study.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.amazingabilities.com/amaze5b.html</ref><br />
The values presented show an initial increase in serum urea, and then drop three days after the examination. The same is true for serum sodium, serum chloride, and serum potassium. Hematocrit is also increased. This is a clear sign of dehydration and hemoconcentration, compatible with a period of fasting and thirst. Blood sugar is decreasing, while serum acetone is increasing. This is also a sign of starvation. In the beginning and three days after the test, values are normal.<br />
<br />
Instead of discussing such a fasting period as a very plausible cause of the blood values obtained, however, these are explained as ''amazing'' and declared a sort of medical miracle. In fact they show a normal behaviour of a subject, compatible with actual knowledge of physiology. Examiner Shah's words sound different: ''"We have reached a hypothesis which confirms that Jani's body has certainly undergone a biological transformation due to yogic kriyas. And he can control his inner organs' functions, which itself is intriguing."''<br />
<br />
In April 2010, a second examination was performed over an unknown period of time (perhaps 14&nbsp;days), again at Sterling Hospital and again in co-operation with Sudhir Shah. Again, no external sceptic observer was allowed to participate. Psiram will update this article if new data will be made available.<br />
<br />
In fact the data obtained clearly indicate that, after a period of habitual consumption of food and water, the test person was submitted to a period of fasting, and that data changed again when fasting was broken. The data obtained are completely in agreement with the state of actual knowledge in physiology.<br />
<br />
---------------<br />
<br />
On May&nbsp;11th, 2010 James Randi offered in his video series "James Randi speaks" a test by the JREF and the corresponding 1&nbsp;Mio. US-Dollar prize.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l0u6eJB9GLY</ref><br />
<br />
==Comments on starvation and necessary water intake==<br />
Forms of eating disorders have existed since ancient times varying in frequency, manifestations, and possible motivation. Certain sociocultural factors including religions appear to foster or inhibit the frequency and type of eating disorders.<ref>Bemporad JR., ''Self-starvation through the ages: reflections on the pre-history of anorexia nervosa.'', Int J Eat Disord. 1996 Apr;19(3):pages 217-37. PMID: 8704721</ref><br />
<br />
Long lasting starvation leads to death. A healthy subject may survive 50&nbsp;up to 60&nbsp;days without food. Known hungerstrikers died after 50&nbsp;to 60&nbsp;days (example: Bobby Sands). Irishman Terence MacSwiney died after 74&nbsp;days of starvation.<br />
<br />
Every minute an adult will breathe in and out around 5&nbsp;litres of air. After one day he will eliminate about one kilogramme of CO2, containing about 270&nbsp;grams of carbon. A fasting subject will therefore loose 0.270&nbsp;kg of carbon every day, 8&nbsp;kg every month and 98&nbsp;kg per year. That is more than the typical weight of an adult. CO2-concentration in the air is around 0.03%, much less than its concentration in the exhaled air (4%, relationship is&nbsp;0.7%). So, assimilation of carbon via respiration is not possible.<br />
<br />
Humans lose water and water vapour via urine, stool, respiration and the skin (''persperatio insensibilis''). The amount lost every day depends on temperature and activity, and amounts to around 800&nbsp;ml of water. At the same time, water is built up via oxidative processes (about 300&nbsp;ml per day).<br />
<br />
A healthy adult may survive around ten days without water (temperature dependent). The Guinness Book of Records cites a case of 18&nbsp;days without water. American coma patient Terri Schiavo died after 13&nbsp;days without water. Alaskan fire fighter Robert Bogucki survived 12&nbsp;days in an Australian desert without water until he was found by a helicopter.<br />
<br />
(*) [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8652837.stm] or Durga - hinduism<br />
<br />
==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Prahlad_Jani Prahlad Jani]<br />
<br />
==Literature==<br />
*Westerterp KR, Plaqui G, Goris AHC: ''water loss in function of energy intake, physical activity and season'', British journal nutrition, 2005, 93, 199-203<br />
<br />
==Weblinks==<br />
*http://www.skepdic.com/skeptimedia/skeptimedia90.html<br />
*http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/belief/2010/may/18/prahlad-jani-india-sunshine<br />
*[http://www.sudhirneuro.org/files/mataji_case_study.pdf Shah-report on Jani fasting in 2003]<br />
*http://www.amazingabilities.com/amaze5a.html<br />
*http://www.amazingabilities.com/amaze5b.html<br />
*http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3236118.stm<br />
*http://edition.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/asiapcf/south/11/26/offbeat.india.fast/<br />
<br />
==Blog Discussions==<br />
*http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2010/05/physiology_explains_it_all.php and [http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2010/04/they_arent_doing_the_right_tes.php]<br />
*http://milkmiracle.net/2010/05/14/prahlad-jani/<br />
*[http://blog.psiram.com/?p=1411 Psiram blog]<br />
<br />
==Videos==<br />
* http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G9On0X3nBaY<br />
* http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wzNAZE2gaBY<br />
* http://video.gmx.net/watch/7501365<br />
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l0u6eJB9GLY Video comment of James Randi]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jani, Prahlad}}<br />
[[category:Supposed Foodless]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Iwan_G%C3%B6tz&diff=922Iwan Götz2011-02-23T09:13:43Z<p>Pamela: /* Citations */</p>
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<div>[[image:Iwangoetz.jpg|thumb]]<br />
'''Iwan (Wanja) Götz''' (aka Esra Iwan Götz aka Wanja Sibirjak; born September&nbsp;28, 1947, Nowosibirsk, Russia) is a German antisemitic holocaust denier living in Berlin and is part of the [[Germanic New Medicine]]-scene and KRR-scene. Götz is involved in the activities of the so-called ''kommissarische Reichsregierungen'' (KRR, Provisional Government of the German Reich) who deny the existence of the Federal Republic of Germany and believe in a persisting existence of the former Third Reich.<br />
<br />
==Own indications and statements==<br />
[[image:Goetz11.jpg|homemade own stamp|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Goetz8.jpg|250px|Inauguraladresse XI: ''I am not a Jew''|left|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Goetz20.jpg|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Goetz21.jpg|falsified member card|thumb]]<br />
Following his own statements in the internet, his mother was deported to Siberia from Berlin in 1946. During his first 22&nbsp;years, he lived in Nowosibirsk and held a job as a metalworker. In May 1969, he migrated to GDR (DDR - East Germany) and worked as a freelance interpreter and private investigator. The name of his private investigation company was ''Siberian Scout'', location: ''Berlin - Deutsches Reich'' (Berlin - German Reich).<br />
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Götz claims to be the son of a Russian KGB general. He also claims he used to be an active agent of the former KGB under the code name ''Grigori'' and that he smuggled children from GDR children's homes to Western pedophile high rank officials and politicians (a well-known conspiracy theory popular in the German extremist right scene). According to his allegations, he even had connections to the known Belgian murderer and pedophile Marc Dutroux.<ref>http://www.mfs-insider.de/Presse/Grigori1.htm</ref> Götz accused numerous high-ranking German politicians as pedophiles. Among them, according to Götz, were former state presidents Richard von Weizsäcker and Johannes Rau, but also politicians like Jörg Schönbohm, Ole von Beust<ref>http://anonym.to/?http://unglaublichkeiten.org/unglaublichkeiten/htmlphp2/u2_0739Kinderschaender.html</ref>, Kuno Böse, Rainer Eppelmann and so on. The German newspaper ''Berliner Morgenpost'' published several articles about his invented stories. Götz wondered, however, why German authorities never charged the accused politicians and suspected a state-wide conspiracy against him in this case. Similar denunciations were voiced by a Janett Seemann (also belonging to the German extremist right scene) whom Götz declared a ''fellow combatant''.<br />
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The definite antisemite Iwan Götz considers himself to be a ''Jew'' and ''superior rabbi'', but on the other hand denied this on several other occasions in internet pamphlets written by him<ref>Götz Iwan: Inauguraladresse XI page 27.</ref>, hosted on the web pages of a member of the extremist right party NPD in Mittweida (Saxony). In order to increase his credibility, he presented a forged membership card of a Jewish organization from Halle. It is obvious that this card shows no registration or serial number. According to information given by the Synagogengemeinde Halle, Götz never was and also presently is not a member of that organization<ref>http://www.transgallaxys.com/~kanzlerzwo/showtopic.php?threadid=4833 Quote: ''Sehr geehrter Herr&nbsp;X&nbsp;(*), Herr&nbsp;Dr. Götz war einige Male Gast in unseren Gottesdiensten, die auch gemeindefremden Personen, die sich anmelden, offenstehen. Herr&nbsp;Dr. Götz ist nicht Mitglied der Synagogengemeinde Halle und ist dies auch niemals gewesen [...] Der Ausweis ist irreführend. Er wurde offensichtlich auf einem Blankoformular am 14.04.2004 ausgestellt. [...] Schalom, Synagogengemeinde Halle, [...]''</ref> and they announced to sue Götz. Furthermore, the Union Progressiver Juden in Deutschland&nbsp;e.V. in a public statement made January&nbsp;19, 2009 declared<ref>UNION PROGRESSIVER JUDEN IN DEUTSCHLAND&nbsp;E.V. Diesterwegstraße&nbsp;7&nbsp;D - 33604&nbsp;Bielefeld Erklärung der European Region der World Union for Progressive Judaism und der Union progressiver Juden in Deutschland Im Internet tritt ein „Oberrabbiner Dr.&nbsp;Esra Iwan Götz“ mit antisemitischer und antizionistischer Propaganda auf. Dabei behauptet er, zur World Union for Progressive Judaism zu gehören und Mitglied der Synagogengemeinde zu Halle zu sein. Hierzu stellen die Europäische Region der World Union for progressive Judaism (WUPJ) und ihre deutsche Unterorganisation, die Union der progressiven Juden in Deutschland (UPJ), fest:<br><br />
1. Dr.&nbsp;Esra Iwan Götz gehört der World Union for progressive Judaism nicht an. Er ist nicht berechtigt, das Logo der Europäischen Region der WUPJ in seinem Briefkopf zu führen. Die rechtlichen Schritte, ihm dies wirksam zu untersagen, werden eingeleitet.<br><br />
2. Dr.&nbsp;Esra Iwan Götz gehört keiner rabbinischen Institution der WUPJ an oder ist von einer solchen als „Oberrabbiner“ anerkannt worden. Der WUPJ und der Union progressiver Juden ist auch keine andere jüdische Institution oder Autorität bekannt, die Dr.&nbsp;Esra Iwan Götz den Rabbinertitel verliehen oder ihn als Oberrabbiner in ein Amt eingesetzt hat. Da die Titel „Rabbiner“ oder „Oberrabbiner“ in Deutschland nicht gesetzlich geschützt sind, gibt es keine rechtliche Handhabe, Herrn Götz die irreführende Verwendung dieser Titel zu untersagen.<br><br />
3. Die Synagogengemeinde zu Halle, die Mitglied der Union progressiver Juden in Deutschland ist und damit zur Europäischen Region der World Union for Progressive Judaism gehört, hat zu der von Herrn Götz erhobenen Behauptung, er sei Mitglied der Synagogengemeinde, sowie zu dem veröffentlichten, auf Dr.&nbsp;Iwan Götz lautenden Mitgliedsausweis der Gemeinde erklärt: „Herr Dr.&nbsp;Götz war einige Male Gast in unseren Gottesdiensten, die auch gemeindefremden Personen, die sich anmelden, offen stehen. Herr Dr.&nbsp;Götz ist nicht Mitglied der Synagogengemeinde Halle und ist dies auch niemals gewesen. Der Ausweis ist irreführend. Er wurde offensichtlich auf einem Blankoformular am 14.4.2004 ausgestellt.“<br><br />
4. Die Europäische Region der WUPJ und die Union progressiver Juden in Deutschland distanzieren sich von der antisemitischen und antizionistischen Propaganda von Herrn Götz. Sie erwarten von deutschen Behörden, diese Veröffentlichungen auf die Straftatbestände der Volksverhetzung bzw. der Holocaustleugnung zu prüfen und entsprechende Maßnahmen gegen ihre Verbreitung zu unternehmen.</ref><ref>http://reichling.wordpress.com/2009/01/10/erklarung-der-union-progessiver-juden-in-deutschland-zu-gotz/</ref>, Götz never was a member of the Synagogengemeinde Halle and never was a member of the UPJD or WUPJ. The WUPJ and the Union progressiver Juden know of no Jewish institution or authority which bestowed the titles rabbi, rebbe or ''superior rabbi'' to Götz. Furthermore, the title ''Rabbi'' is not protected by German law.<br />
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The German ultra-conservative sedisvacantist Rolf Hermann Lingen is one of Iwan Götz' supporters.<ref>http://www.kirchenlehre.com/goetz.htm</ref> Pamphlets by Götz can be found at the publishing company Franken Bücher (now Andromeda Buchversand).<br />
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==Antisemitic and holocaust-denying activities==<br />
[[image:Goetz18.jpg|thumb]]<br />
Götz was convicted in Germany for denial of the holocaust, and in a second degree trial Götz finally accepted the sentence in January 2009.<br />
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Götz distributed antisemitic flyers in Berlin at the end of 2006.<ref>http://freeweb.dnet.it/antifhain/chronik.htm</ref> In the districts of Berlin-Charlottenburg and Berlin-Wilmersdorf, 20&nbsp;complaints were filed by residents who had received such flyers. According to the German Police Department of Berlin, Götz may however be ''not punishable''. This leads to the obvious speculation that Götz may suffer from a psychiatric disorder.<br />
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Götz also claimed to have attended a holocaust conference in Teheran in Decemer 2006, but presents no proof for this allegation.<br />
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At the beginning of 2007, he delivered a speech, together with a Michael Wegner, in a bar in Stralsund on the issue of an alleged ''battle of the government of the Federal Republic of Germany against the population'' (Kampf der BRD gegen die deutsche Bevölkerung). Invitations had been sent to local economic pundits who were expected to pay for their participation in the event. More invitations were sent to police officers and the head of the Ordnungsamt (public order department) of Anklam, Dirk Bierwerth. The speech was organized by a "ICG Industry Consulting Group" - allegedly an international non-profit counceling committee which claimed to act as a spotter or whistle-blowing organization against manipulation by mass media. The two speakers were the only members of this ICG which has been closed. On the former ICG-webpage (now deleted), Götz claimed that ''Jews were sucking hundreds of milliards [billions] of German Mark and Euro from the German Volk by using the propaganda-ly of the holocaust''. In front of cameras of North German TV channel NDR, Götz once more denied the holocaust and said that the so-called Reichskristallnacht (Reichsprogromnacht - the Night of Broken Glass or "night of shattered crystal", a pogrom in Nazi Germany on November 9–10, 1938) was organized by the Jews themselves. ''[...] there was no holocaust ! That is something they invented [...]'' (Götz quote as recorded by NDR-TV). The invited officials did not intervene. The head of the public order department, remaining passive. Consequently lost his job, because he did not react appropriately.<ref>http://www.dradio.de/dlf/sendungen/hintergrundpolitik/725327/</ref><ref>Newspaper Nordkurier January&nbsp;19 2007 [http://www.links-lang.de/presse/5227.php]</ref><ref>Amtsleiter stolpert über rechte Parolen. Newspaper Nordkurier-Anklam day January&nbsp;19 2007 http://www.links-lang.de/presse/5231.php</ref><ref>Anklamer Ordnungsamtschef ließ Rechte in Ruhe hetzen. Bei einem Treffen in Anklam wurde das Fortbestehen des Dritten Reichs erklärt und der Holocaust geleugnet. Der anwesende Amtsleiter griff nicht ein. Er wurde vorläufig vom Dienst suspendiert. Newspaper Ostseezeitung January&nbsp;19 2007 http://www.ostseezeitung.de/archiv.phtml?</ref> Götz was successfully charged for his statements, and the department of public prosecution seized the NDR-TV tape as evidence. Denial of holocaust is a crime in Germany, punishable under the law §130 StGB.<br />
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Götz also worked as a translator for a Russian film about the extremist right conspiray-story of Neuschwabenland.<ref>Secret-TV Video Neuschwabenland Ahnenerbe Movie-ID</ref><br />
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Götz claimed he was ''Foreign Secretary of Freestate Saxony''<ref>http://www.krr-faq.net/archiv05.php</ref> in the ''government'' of KRR activist Olaf Thomas Opelt. But he also declared to hold the position of ''Special Ambassador'' of the ''Reichsland Freistaat Preußen''.<br />
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Texts by Götz can be found in ''Zentralkurier'' (part of the Parchimer Stadtkurier). According to the Secret Service of Germany (Verfassungsschutz), members of the extreme right party Interim Partei Deutschland (IPD) were the real editors of the Zentralkurier.<ref>16. ↑ Robert Scholz: Interim Partei Deutschland: Rechtsextrem oder einfach durchgeknallt? Endstation Rechts 19.&nbsp;Januar 2009 um 05:35&nbsp;Uhr</ref><br />
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==Relationship to Ryke Geerd Hamer==<br />
[[image:Goetz10.jpg|thumb|left]]<br />
[[image:Goetz23.jpg|thumb]]<br />
[[Ryke Geerd Hamer]], the inventor of the controversial [[Germanic New Medicine]], considers Iwan to be a ''Wanderrabbiner'' (wandering / hiking rabbi) and Oberrabbiner (superior rabbi) and believes in him as a sort of witness for his pseudomedical views strongly influenced by anti-semitism. At the request of Hamer, Götz signed a very strange document on December&nbsp;17, 2008 in Sandefjord/Norway, in which he claims all rabbis and oncologists in the world knew for certain that Hamer's doctrine was correct, and that every Jewish patient in the world received medical treatment according to Hamer's rules. At he same time, non-Jewish patients allegedly were not allowed to profit from his method and this led to a genocide of 20&nbsp;million people. The document, however, shows no evidence for these absurd allegations, no witness is quoted. According to a Swiss blogger, Hamer in vain tried to find quotes supporting his hypotheses in the Talmud<ref>http://www.kabbala-akademie.ch/index.php?menu_id=121&main_menu_id=2&blog=1</ref> and contacted that man. The Jewish Talmud (books Mischna and Gemara), however, was written centuries ago and is considered ''completed''.<br />
The complete Mischnajoth was even sent to Hamer, but his search did not produce any evidence in support of his claims.<br />
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Hamer is convinced that Götz was ''the only superior rabbi'' of Germany, and that Götz used to work as a KGB agent together with Russian Vladimir Putin. Putin and Götz were to be seen as ''senior Jewish KGB officers'' and therefore knew everything about the alleged genocide against non-Jewish patients. An Austrian follower of Hamer, Helmut Pilhar, presents this weird document by Hamer and Götz on his web pages with photos showing Iwan Götz making strange gestures.<br />
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==Criminal record==<br />
According to his own statements, Götz was convicted in Germany several times:<br />
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* holocaust denial: 3&nbsp;years on probation<br />
* fraud, Amtsgericht Bergheim 43&nbsp;Ds&nbsp;554/05<br />
* twice for defamation of a judge<br />
* illegal use of the academic title doctor: 8&nbsp;months on probation<br />
* fencing of stolen goods (he sold a stolen car)<br />
* illegal smuggling of immigrants Az.: 350Gs457/97<br />
* illegal possession of firearms: six months on probation<br />
* falsification of documents. Götz showed a forged ''Identity card'' of the German Reich to a police officer (Amtsgericht Berlin-Tiergarten Ds&nbsp;45&nbsp;Js&nbsp;16&nbsp;09/04)<br />
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On January&nbsp;26, 2009 Götz accepted the final sentence in the case of holocaust denial (Amtsgericht Anklam).<ref>http://www.endstation-rechts.de/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2750&Itemid=242</ref> He was formerly sentenced to six months on probation.<br />
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Because of his frequent criminal convictions, he was examined by a psychiatrist at least twice, and lost his driver's licence. A judge in vain attempted to incapacitate Götz.<br />
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==Citations==<br />
* Es ist die Aufgabe Nr.&nbsp;1 von uns allen: die deutschen Patrioten Dr.&nbsp;Ryke Geerd Hamer, Ernst Günter Kögel und Ernst Zündel aus den Fängen der Neonazis, die diese Männer mit Hilfe der Justizsöldner in Jüdische Vernichtungs Anstalt, kurz – JVA , eingesperrt haben, zu befreien; nach der Ansicht der Drahtzieher sollten sie dort auch verrecken. (According to Götz, Neo-Nazi does not mean a supporter of extremist right ideas, but ''jüdische nationale Zionisten'' = Jewish nationalist Zionists)<br />
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==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Iwan_Wanja_G%C3%B6tz Iwan Wanja Götz]<br />
*italiano: [http://www.psiram.com/it/index.php?title=Iwan_G%C3%B6tz Iwan Götz]<br />
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==External links==<br />
* http://de.indymedia.org/2007/01/166481.shtml<br />
* http://www.transgallaxys.com/~kanzlerzwo/showtopic.php?threadid=4833<br />
* http://www.mfs-insider.de/Presse/Grigori1.htm<br />
* http://www.aufklaerungsgruppe-krokodil.de/DerFallMarcDutroux_1_neu.pdf<br />
* http://www.krr-faq.net/archiv05.php<br />
* http://reichling.wordpress.com/2008/12/31/oberrabbiner-dr-esra-iwan-gotz/<br />
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==References==<br />
<references/><br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Götz, Iwan}}<br />
[[category:Person]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Esotericism&diff=921Esotericism2011-02-23T09:11:49Z<p>Pamela: /* Literature */</p>
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<div>[[image:esoterik1.jpg|thumb]]<br />
The term '''Esotericism''' derives from the Classical Greek term ''esoterikós'', which means "within" or "inwards". Its original meaning is "secret lore". In contemporary use, it is largely identical to the more modern ''New Age'' or ''New Occult''.<ref>Bochinger, Christoph (1994): 'New Age' und moderne Religion. Gütersloh</ref> The term esotericism used to apply to rites and custom within closed societies which were hidden from outsiders and kept secret from them. Today it stands for a large number of very different doctrines and convictions which are based on assumptions, according to which a scientific, rational description of the world is impossible. Consequently, all esoteric doctrines share a common feature: They cannot be tested or falsified, but are represented with the claim of absoluteness. There is no commonly accepted single esoteric lore, and no such lore is desired by the esoteric scene.<br />
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==General==<br />
Terms like Esotericism, New Age and Occultism embrace certain non-religious paths to insight and forms of action. They often emphasize the role of the individual, subjective and often out-of-the-ordinary experience, especially when it avoids rational communicability and intersubjective scrutiny. Esotericism embraces certain spiritual qualities of the individual which typically cannot be falsified scientifically. Nonetheless followers of esoteric beliefs occasionally claim scientific testability for certain aspects of their, leading to [[Pseudo-Science|pseudo-scientific]] arguments. A conspicuous feature of Esotericism is the inconsiderate "borrowing" of words and concepts from other fields of knowledge, often that of natural sciences.<br />
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A uniting element of many esoteric tenets is the claim of offering ultimate answers to the key questions of humanity. They assert to have knowledge of "higher powers", of past and future of mankind, and promises ascent to higher realms or higher forms of knowledge which are denied to the uninitiated.<ref>Heelas, Paul (1996): The New Age Movement. Oxford.</ref> This restriction of knowledge to insiders is the exact opposite of an important principle in science: Any good idea is accessible to all mankind, and not just to a circle of a chosen few.<br />
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A part of the seductive power of Esotericism is initiated by narcissistic needs: Who wants to be a mere letter in the big book of evolution? A "nano-particle" in an inconceivable and infinite universe, if one can instead interpret one's own birth as having been inspired by cosmic fate and relevance. Worries about a fundamentally uncertain future call for a higher power which guides us. Another source of its appeal may be the complexity of the world which makes it hard to understand, and the fact that getting into the established sciences is tedious and complicated. Engagement in Esotericism can lead to the flattering impression of being able to understand and add meaning to everything.<ref>H. Uhlen: Vom ungläubigen Thomas lernen. Warum sich Wissenschaft und Religion nicht vertragen. K. Fischer, Aachen 2006, S.225</ref><br />
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The human soul is often portrayed as eternal, the fate of each individual as predetermined. Esoteric practices and lores focus the craving for the mysterious which allegedly is veiled behind the mundane material world. Communication with other people, and even "higher beings" or the deceased is possible according to esoteric comprehension, requiring "channels" in addition to our five senses. Such phenomena present no logical problem to esoteric thinkers, since according to their understanding the known laws of nature are too restricted to explain the world.<br />
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All in all the esoteric scene shows a weak institutionalization.<ref>Knoblauch, Hubert (1989), Das unsichtbare neue Zeitalter. "New Age", privatisierte Religion und kultische Milieus, in: Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie</ref><br />
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==Substitute religion==<br />
Evidence-based scientific thinking as well as common religions are insufficient to explain the world in the eye of Esotericism. Esoteric lores have been seen as "substitute religions"<ref>Möth Ingo: (1989) New Age und Esoterik &ndash; Ersatzreligionen oder Protestbewegung? IWK-Reihe "New Age"</ref> or "secular substitute religions" in the past.<br />
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==Subjectivisation of nature==<br />
The personification or subjectivisation of nature as ''Mother Earth'' or [[Gaia]] is another typical characteristic of many esoteric concepts.<ref>Irmgard Oepen, Krista Federspiel, Amardeo Sarma: Lexikon der Parawissenschaften: Astrologie, Esoterik, Okkultismus, Paramedizin, Parapsychologie kritisch betrachtet. Lit-Verlag 1999, Seite 88. ISBN-10: 3825842770</ref><br />
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==The language of Esotericism==<br />
Esotericism uses its own lexicon. There are terms such as ''Cosmic Consciousness'', ''change of paradigms'', ''transformation'' or the ''Age of Aquarius''. These terms, however, lack a clear definition. The avoidance of clear definitions can even be seen as a typical sign of Esotericism. Some of these words are borrowed from various fields of science and converted to new, ambiguous meanings. It is usually not defined what quantum, [[energy]] or vibration and frequencies mean in the esoteric sense. And if there is a definition or explanation, it is typically kept vague and diffuse, which often leads to esoteric points of view being accused of consisting of drivel.<br />
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The fuzzy vocabulary of Esotericism obstructs the understanding of esoteric context, but enables followers to immunize their doctrine from criticism and from "the outside" in general. They also welcome this because it creates a pleasant feeling of being understood by like-minded persons. It is often observed that consumers of esoteric products are rather uncritical in this context. Demanding explanations would disturb the pleasant feeling, because it exposes the inquirer as not belonging to the circle of those "in the know".<br />
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==Present==<br />
Today's flavor of Esotericism saw its first big wave at the end of the 19th century and then especially in the 1970s. It has a big economic impact (see: [[esoteric market]]) and reaches far beyond the initial audience. Contrary to the past, today's Esotericism views everyone as a potential customer of esoteric products and services. Esoteric lore is no longer secret, but the air of a "higher" knowledge with which one can set oneself apart from the masses is still a big part of its appeal.<br />
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A huge number of esoteric authors, advisors and healers create billions in revenue every year in Germany alone. Millions of people look for esoteric solutions for everyday problems as well as severe crises, even though the effectiveness of the products and services offered is typically unknown at best. Providers themselves often do not know the details and history of their esoteric doctrines. It has become a product much like other consumer goods. The preference of followers changes accordingly. If a given practice fails or gets boring, it will simply be replaced by another.<br />
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Esotericism offers an individual way to separate oneself from the masses, to view oneself as a keeper of a "higher knowledge", while at the same time ridding oneself of personal responsibility. Followers can be taught in accordance with the lore, to view all events in the world as rightful and a given, including social inequity and racism. In this way, esoteric irrationality can work to protect and shield a system of oppression. Under the fuzzy reign of a holistic concept as understood by Esotericism, people can be robbed of their individual freedoms. They can be convinced to accept their situation, or that of other people, as cosmically predetermined and intended (see: [[Karma]]).<br />
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==National Socialism and extremist right groups today==<br />
A special chapter is Esotericism in National Socialism and modern day "[[Brown Esotericism]]". Connections between Esotericism and the extreme right are indeed visible today, in Germany as well as in other countries. According to Barth, the esoteric movement has aided in making positions acceptable to a broad public which would not have been tolerated some ten years ago, in particular trivializing the crimes of German Fascism.<ref>Claudia Barth, Über alles in der Welt - Esoterik und Leitkultur - eine Einführung in die Kritik irrationaler Welterklärungen. Alibri-Verlag, 2003, 206 Seiten, ISBN 3-932710-36-3</ref> It is not unusual in those groups to explain the holocaust as the inevitable result of Jewish [[karma]].<br />
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There are also intersections between Esotericism and the left wing alternative milieu, for example in [[Veganism]] and [[Environmentalism]].<br />
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==Examples of esoteric lore==<br />
Typical examples of esoteric lore and ideology are [[Astrology]], [[neopagan]] interpretations of [[shamanism]], [[theosophy]] and [[anthroposophy]] by [[Rudolf Steiner]]. Further examples of currently popular esoteric ideas are [[breatharianism]] ([[Light fasting]]) and [[indigenous spirituality]].<br />
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==Esotericism in health care==<br />
Many products of the [[alternative medicine]] are influenced by esotericism. A typical exponent of that scene is Rüdiger Dahlke who claims to practice "esoteric medicine".<ref>http://www.metamedizin.info/imma/artikel_ruedigerdahlke_krankheitalssprachederseele.shtml</ref> Esoteric axioms appear to be essential, in the absence of proof of effectiveness, to make a product more appealing and separate and protect it from conventional therapies. The ambiguous and differing terminology of today's Esotericism apparently simply shrugs off rational critique of such medical practices.<br />
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The transition to [[alternative medicine]] which claims to be based on science is blurry: Esoteric elements can be found in the description of [[Pseudomedicine|pseudo-medicin]]al methods like [[Energy medicine]], [[Quantum medicine]], [[Bioresonance]] and so on. This applies for example to the avoidance of a well defined terminology.<br />
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The market for esoterically influenced medicine often not only makes unsustainable promises about health, the methods frequently even present a potential danger for clients or patients: Critical thinking, necessary for survival, is in danger of being neglected. Competent help from actual experts can be missed or declined. A notion of anti-scientific bias is common. Prejudice and reservation are fostered by esoteric literature as well as websites and TV channels. A typical example for this is the esoterically influenced [[anti-vaccination]] attitude common among many esoteric doctrines, such as [[Anthroposophy]].<br />
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==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Esoterik Esoterik]<br />
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==Literature==<br />
* Antoine Faivre / Wouter J. Hanegraaff (Hrsg.): Western Esotericism and the Science of Religion. Leuven 1998<br />
* Wouter J. Hanegraaff: Dictionary of Gnosis & Western Esotericism, Bd. 1, Leiden / Boston 2005<br />
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==References==<br />
<references/><br />
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[[category:Esotericism]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Hopi_and_Pseudo_Hopi_Prophecies&diff=920Hopi and Pseudo Hopi Prophecies2011-02-23T09:10:17Z<p>Pamela: /* Footnotes */</p>
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<div>'''Hopi Indians''' live in one of the most remote regions in the world, the desert in the southwestern United States. Understanding Hopi culture, and Hopi spiritual beliefs in particular, is extremely difficult. The Hopi have survived as a distinct culture for thousands of years by withdrawing from outsiders to avoid conflict. Part of this includes keeping Hopi spiritual traditions as secret as possible from non-Hopi. Hopi practices are so secretive that its members are today legally barred from discussing their religion without express permission from the tribal council. Outsiders are barred from Hopi ceremonies and religious sites, and meddling of any kind in Hopi affairs by non-Hopi is explicitly barred<ref>“Visitor Guidelines,” http://web.archive.org/web/20030221150743/www.infomagic.net/~hoatvela/visitors.html, accessed 8-18-10</ref>.<br />
In 1997, a meeting by the Hopi religious priesthoods decided to restrict access to Hopi villages. The meeting condemned “new-age interpretation and appropriation of Hopi religious practices [and]…self appointed leaders and spokespersons.”<ref>Issues- Press Releases from Hotevilla Priesthood Assembly,” http://web.archive.org/web/20030221145415/www.infomagic.net/~hoatvela/issues.html, accessed 8-18-10</ref> Thus any outsider claiming to represent the Hopi, or claiming to be teaching Hopi traditions or expounding on Hopi prophecy is either engaged in deception or fraud, or deluded. Several outsiders claiming to be Hopi spokesmen actually suffer from mental illness.<br />
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The central reason for Hopi secrecy is the frequent lies, distortions, and abuse of their spiritual traditions. Their isolation and semi-pacifism (most Hopi will only fight if directly attacked) leads many outsiders to deeply romanticize and exoticize Hopi tradition, projecting their fantasies of a purer and better world upon them. Spiritual exploiters and imposters have frequently taken advantage of the longings of such seekers, seeking to build cults, influence, and power, and gain money or sexually abuse their followings.<br />
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The Hopi Nation issued a warning in 2002 entitled, “Cultural Theft and Misrepresentation”:<br />
''"Over the years many individuals, both Hopi and non-Hopi, have purposely distorted and exploited Hopi spirituality and the Hopi way of life to suit their own ends. The reasons for this misrepresentation vary as much as the people who engage in it. The most common motives, however, are notoriety, profit, or political manipulation. Irrespective of the intent, it all results in an unwanted intrusion by outsiders on the Hopi way of life.<br />
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Many, and perhaps most, Hopi people believe that religion is a private matter and that there is already too much information available to non-Hopis about Hopi spirituality. A great deal of knowledge that may have been shared with guests as a courtesy or as privileged information, even in moments of undeserved trust, has been published. These published accounts, be they accurate or misleading, have been misused to replicate Hopi ceremonies and spirituality for profit. In many cases, information has been altered in a way that ignores any spiritual context and religious significance.<br />
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Beware of any individual or organization using the Hopi name to promote spiritual workshops, seminars or other "religious" activities. It is not a Hopi cultural value to try and convert non-Hopi people to Hopi religious beliefs or ways. And, sharing religious knowledge for profit is unacceptable to most Hopi people.<br />
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Hopi religion is so complex that it is impossible for any one Hopi, traditional group or political faction within Hopi, to know it entirely. Hopi culture and religion as a whole is multifaceted, but there are also variations from village to village, and much of the Hopi ceremonial cycle is secret even among the Hopi. Specific clans and societies are responsible for different aspects of the ceremonial cycle, which in its entirety, make a complementary whole.<br />
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Beware, then, of any one person professing to be a traditional spokesperson for the Hopi or even a "traditional’ Hopi. No one person can possibly speak for all Hopi people. Some who profess to do so do not practice the beliefs of Hopi religion or participate in its priesthoods.<br />
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The following list includes non-Hopi individuals who are known to profit from Hopi spirituality and culture. Contrary to their claims, none of these individuals are Hopi (either through birth or adoption), represent the Hopi, or speak for any Hopi "elders." We urge you not to donate any money to their causes, purchase their literature, or attend their gatherings."''<ref>Hopi Nation, Cultural Theft and Misrepresentation,” http://web.archive.org/web/20040404070957/http://www.hopi.nsn.us/Pages/Culture/misrep.html, accessed 8-18-10</ref><br />
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<br />
The Hopi Nation warnings went on to specifically warn about the following people falsely claiming to know or teach Hopi prophecy:<br />
*Katherine Cheshire AKA Dep See Mana or Dee See Mana and Touch the Earth Foundation. The warning condemned her for programs and workshops on Native spirituality.<br />
*Warren Goodman. The warning condemned him for falsely claiming to be Pahana of Hopi legend, falsely claiming possession of sacred stone tablets that are part of Hopi oral tradition, for selling "Armageddon Insurance," and for falsely claiming petrified wood to be medicine wheels, which are not even part of Hopi tradition.<br />
*Thomas Mails, a Catholic priest and the author of The Hopi Survival Kit and other works. The warning condemned Mails for falsely claiming the late Dan Evehema to be a Hopi elder. Evehema did not have any authority to speak on behalf of the Hopi. The warning also condemned Mails for depicting Hopi traditions out of context, incompletely, and inaccurately. The Hopi Nation appealed to Mails to stop. Mails refused the requests.<br />
*Roy Steevensz AKA Roy Little Sun, who is Indonesian but impersonates being a Hopi elder. Steevensz was permanently banned from the Hopi Reservation in 1995 after using the names of Hopi elders in a fraudulent charity. His ex-wife described him as suffering from mental illness worsened by drug abuse.<br />
*Christopher Walker, who falsely claims to have permission from the Hopi to perform ceremonies, many of which are not even Hopi such as Sundances and sweatlodges.<br />
*The late Craig Carpenter was a man of mixed Mohawk and white ancestry claiming to be a Hopi messenger. Condemned by the Hopi tribal council, Carpenter spoke frequently in Europe. A friend, Gary Morris, described Carpenter as suffering greatly from mental illness until his death in 2006.<ref>“The Late Craig Carpenter,” http://www.newagefraud.org/smf/index.php?topic=288.0, accessed 8-18-10</ref><br />
*Robert Stoup AKA Limping Snow Wolf variously claims to be Lenape or Seneca, and poses as a keeper of Hopi prophecy. The Hopi Nation issued a cease and desist order to him, but Stoup continues his impersonation.<ref>“Limping Snow Wolf,” http://www.newagefraud.org/smf/index.php?topic=1362.0, accessed 8-18-10</ref><br />
*John Kimney, a white man who calls himself Eesawu, was formally asked by the Hopi Nation to quit posing as a keeper of Hopi prophecy. The tribal preservation office was especially angered by Kimney making money off his claims about prophecy. Kimney at first agreed to stop, then reneged on his promise.<ref>“Hopis Mum on Prophecies,” http://www.gallupindependent.com/1999-2001/11-06-00.html</ref> <br />
*Robert Morning Sky claims to be Hopi and Apache. He first came to public attention because of the so called Hopi Blue Star Prophecies. But Morning Sky himself admits that he invented the Blue Star Prophecies and they are not part of actual Hopi tradition or prophecy. An article titled, "The Blue Star Hoax" that appeared in LEADING EDGE #95, included this passage. *“Among other things, Morning Sky, a Hopi, claimed that the fabled ‘Blue Star’ does not exist in Hopi legends, teachings or mythology. It was a term that he invented in the early 1970s that has since been pirated by researchers who falsely claimed to have spent time with Hopi Elders learning the secrets of the Blue Star Kachina (a kachina that Morning Sky says doesn't exist), and channelers, psychics and clairvoyants who claim to have received Blue Star revelations from their spiritual sources.” Yet a number of people still push the Blue Star Prophecies as authentic.<ref>NHNE News Brief,” http://www.nhne.com/newsbriefs/nhnenb42.html, accessed 8-18-10</ref><br />
*Among them is Miriam Delicado, who also is a major figure in UFO circles. In addition to relying on the false Blue Star Prophecy, she also claims to speak on behalf of Martin Gashweseoma. Gashwesoma is not an authority among the Hopi and was specifically condemned by actual Hopi priests. Delicado was specifically asked by the Hopi tribal council to stop her misrepresentation of both Gashwesoma’s status and Hopi prophecy. She refuses.<ref>“Issues.” “The Dream Masters,” http://www.thedreammasters.org/hopi/martingashweseoma.php, accessed 8-18-10</ref><br />
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There is a single genuine example of Hopi prophecy which Hopi elders wished to share with the world, and chose to do so using their own spokesmen. Thomas Banyacya was a Hopi conscientious objector in World War II. He refused to serve in the US Army and was imprisoned along with Amish, Mennonites, Quakers, and other religious pacifists. When the US dropped atomic bombs on Japan, Hopi elders saw in this the fulfillment of Hopi prophecy about a “gourd of ashes” that would spread poison from the air, with the potential to destroy the world. Hopi prophecies also spoke of a “building of mica on the eastern shore.” Hopi elders believed this prophecy foretold the then-new United Nations building. Banyacya was appointed their tribal spokesman and sent to warn the outside world of the dangers of nuclear weapons and work for peace. Lobbying tirelessly and speaking for nearly forty years against war, materialism, and environmental destruction, in 1992 Banyacya finally spoke at the United Nations Assembly. Speaking in the traditional way, without notes and spontaneously, Banyacya described the prophecy and called for world peace, also carrying out a Hopi blessing with corn pollen in the General Assembly. His mission accomplished, the Hopi Nation maintains the only prophecy to be shared with the world was a success in averting disaster for mankind. Hopi Nation spokesmen strongly deny there are any further prophecies to be shared with outsiders.<ref>Robert Thomas Jr., “Thomas Banyacya, Teller of Hopi Prophecy to World,” http://www.nytimes.com/1999/02/15/us/thomas-banyacya-89-teller-of-hopi-prophecy-to-world.html, accessed 8-19-10. “Hopis Mum on Prophecies.”</ref><br />
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==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Hopi-Prophezeiungen Hopi-Prophezeiungen]<br />
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==Footnotes==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[category:Plastic Shamans]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Jim_Humble&diff=919Jim Humble2011-02-23T09:08:49Z<p>Pamela: /* Weblinks */</p>
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<div>[[image:jimhumble.jpg|Jim Humble|thumb]]<br />
'''Jim Humble''' (aka ''Bishop James V. Humble'') is a US-American engineer, author of (pre-transistor times) computer and mining technology manuals as well as the inventor of [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Nahrungsergänzungsmittel dietary supplements] containing disinfectants which meanwhile have been banned in several countries. Humble, a medical layperson, tried to sell dietary supplements for several years. Since then, the self-proclaimed "bishop" also goes by the name of "James V. Humble". Humble founded his own religion and a church called "Genesis II Church of Health and Healing".<br />
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His whereabouts are currently not known for sure, he is most probably living in Mexico. <br />
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Humble claims that his invention, called [[Miracle_Mineral_Supplement|Miracle Mineral Supplement]] (MMS or MMS1), was be the most effective medication around, being the ideal treatment for AIDS, hepatitis A, B and C, malaria, herpes, tuberculosis, most kinds of cancer, and many, many more.<br />
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He also offers [[MMS2]], a product containing Calcium hydrochlorite. German mail order companies offer it as a "chemical for swimming pool disinfection". According to MMS2 advertisements, it is supposed to be administered internally in order to kill germs, viruses, and parasites. MMS2, same as MMS, was never officially approved as a medication.<br />
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Judging from current announcements and interviews, Humble apparently wants to have MMS tested in Haiti. Most recent announcements give reason to expect the worst for uninformed patients: He currently claims to "research" the treatment of MMS with cancer-, hepatitis-C- and AIDS patients. Quotation Humble: <br />
<br />
:''We’ve started doing clinical trials for AIDS, Hepatitis C and Cancer and those trials have been going pretty good and we have a guy who’s head of the prison system there – he’s also helping us. And the local hospital has agreed to give us 300 blood tests for free.<br />
Interviewer: Are you allowed to say here on camera that MMS will cure cancer? Sure! I can say it – MMS will cure cancer.''<ref>http://noodlemaz.wordpress.com/2010/08/12/bleachgate-the-plot-thickens/</ref><br />
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==Anecdotes==<br />
Jim Humble has other persons spread the claim that he cured 100,000 malaria victims using the MMS-mixture invented by him. He also claims to have "advised" more than 2,000 people via phone and more than 4,000 people via internet.<br />
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Humble himself spreads the rumor that he is working on a mysterious "magnetohydrodynamic drive", a trivial garage door opener.<br />
<br />
==Genesis II Church of Health and Healing==<br />
[[image:Humble4.jpg|Bishop Humble|left|thumb]][[image:Humble_Ernennung.jpg|"Letter of appointment"|300px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Leadbeater_Wedgwood.jpg|Scandal-ridden bishops and Humble predecessors Leadbeater and Wedgwood|thumb]]<br />
Since 2010 Jim Humble prefers to be addressed as "Bishop James V. Humble". Rev. Dr. Humble was "appointed" by an alleged archbishop Laurence (Larry) Jensen and his wife, the alleged bishop Glenda Green of a "One Holy True Original Church" from Arizona <br />
<ref>http://www.originalchurch.org</ref> which is also active as "Spiritis church", "Order of the Friends of Jeshua", "the Byzantine Catholic Church, Inc.", "the Liberal Catholic Church", "the Old Roman Catholic Church", "the American Orthodox Catholic Church", and so on.<ref>http://www.sott.net/articles/show/207643</ref>. The Original Church offers different pseudo-titles for the amount of 750 Dollars.<ref>http://www.originalchurch.org/PDF/spiritis-application-ministry-course.pdf</ref> They claim a lineage of bishops dating back some 2,000 years. In anecdotes, a kind of schism from the Roman Catholic Church is also claimed. Indeed one of the predecessors of the bishop, a Bishop James Ingall Wedgwood, left the Catholic church. There was some evidence for pedophile-inspired advances to boys which were so pressing that police started investigating them. This was also the case with Humble's direct predecessor and [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Theosophie theosophist] C. W. Leadbeater who left the "Theosophical Society" after a pedophilia scandal became public. The list of the bishop's predecessors:[http://www.originalchurch.org/apostolic-succession/apostolic-succession.htm]<br />
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The main activity of this new religious MMS sect, which was founded in 2010, is less religious, but more in the way of "health and healing" as well as protection from vaccination. Humble: <br />
:''..we are forming a church of health and healing. Now that's not religion, that's health and healing. It's called Genesis II Church of Health and Healing. (“Genesis” means the beginning, and “II” means the second beginning and this is the beginning of a new world without disease.)..''<br />
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To become a member of the church, one has to pay a 10 Dollar admission fee (shipment excluded) and assert to refuse vaccinations: <br />
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:''If you wish to have a church membership identification card with your picture that states that you must not be vaccinated, the cost is $10 to join.''<ref>http://theforceiswithinyou.twilightlegend.com/off-topic-f11/bishop-jim-humble-t3117.htm</ref> <br />
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The money is transferred, via Paypal, to the Dominican Republic and Humble promises to put it in a church-owned account only known to him and his successor: <br />
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:''This is my personal PayPal account that is dedicated to the church. I will take the money out of this account periodically and deposit it in an account that no one knows that is known only to me and my successor and it will soon be recorded as church property and known to the church. <br />
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On his self-appointment: <br />
<br />
:''I was ordained in the lineage of Bishops traced all the way back to Christ. Actually, the apostles were Bishops, and they were given the power to create Churches and other Bishops by Christ. All Bishops have had the power to create new Churches if they wished and to write the Articles of Association and Articles of Faith, and Creed of the Church. My name has been placed in the lineage.''<br />
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Regarding the name of his "church", Humble says: <br />
<br />
:''..Now, let me tell you the name of the Church. The name will be the Genesis II Church of Health and Healing. Genesis means the beginning. Two means the second beginning. And we are talking of the second beginning of the World and we are creating a world this second time without disease..'' <br />
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The Genesis II "church" claims connections to good lawyers. Becoming a member is said to result in quite some advantages: for example, one may be appointed a priest by the "church" and add the title of a "Reverend" to one's name, and even hope for tax exemptions and monetary income. As a "pastor", one will hand out MMS-bottles for free but at the same time demand donations. The income made from donations is said to be higher than amounts from regular sales: ''..We already have tremendous lawyers who will help us....If you wish, you will receive a pastor’s certificate and you will have the legal right to use Reverend in front of your name. It will be legal for you to not pay income tax. You can also receive a certificate to start a chapter of our church right there in your area. You can hand out tracts telling about MMS and our healing and you will no doubt have people come to you for healing. It will be best not to charge for your service, instead ask for donations after they get well, and that usually takes only a few days. Most people will want to donate something when they get well. You will make more money that way than selling the bottles of MMS. If you keep at it you should soon have enough to start building a Church. Our course teaches you how to handle all diseases and health problems except those needing surgery which is a small number...We expect a reasonable donation but not great big either, but of course, great big is OK.''<br />
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==Trade with useless fantasy titles==<br />
[[image:MMS_Titelhandel.jpg|Trading worthless fantasy titles|400px|thumb]]<br />
By now, Humble offers MMS-courses and fantasy titles in the Dominican Republic. Within a week and after a payment of 750 Dollars, one can become a "Minister of Health" and put a "MH" behind one's name. Church members can also put a "rev" in front of their name. For additional 250 Dollars, one can also take a course to learn how to treat sick persons with MMS. These courses are held in the earthquake-struck and heavily damaged Haiti which neighbors the Dominican Republic, and are part of a Genesis II Mission to Haiti. After a minimum of 3 days servicing persons on-site and after paying 1,500 Dollars, graduates of such courses will receive a pseudo doctor's degree with a useless "MMS certificate", asserting this allows to legally bear the title of a "Rev. Dr.", which is wrong.<br />
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Special members even have the chance to become "bishop" of the "G2-church" themselves. <br />
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==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Jim_Humble Jim Humble] German version used as base for this article<br />
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==Weblinks==<br />
*http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/sep/15/miracle-mineral-solutions-mms-bleach?<br />
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==References==<br />
Quotations from: <br />
*http://genesis2church.com/2010/04/26/an-open-letter-from-bishop-jim-humble-to-all-interested-in-the-genesis-ii-church/<br />
---------------<br />
<references/><br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Humble, Jim}}<br />
[[category:Anti-vaccinationist]]<br />
[[category:Engineer]]<br />
[[category:Inventor]]<br />
[[category:Pseudomedic]]<br />
[[category:Sect Leader]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Andreas_Moritz&diff=918Andreas Moritz2011-02-23T09:07:23Z<p>Pamela: /* Weblinks */</p>
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<div>[[image:andreasmoritz.jpg|thumb]]<br />
'''Andreas Moritz''' (born 1954) is a book-author, [[iridology|iridologist]], vaccine opponent and inventor of pseudo-medical methods. He was born in Germany, and has been living in Greer (South Carolina, USA) since 1998.<br />
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In his books and his own websites, Moritz propagates strange and [[pseudoscience|pseudoscientific]] opinions on cancer as well as his [[liver cleansing]] method (liver cleansing according to Moritz).<br />
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In his own descriptions he views himself as a ''medical intuitive, practitioner of [[Ayurveda]], Iridology, [[Shiatsu]] and Vibrational Medicine'' and uses the title of a ''doctor of Ayurveda''.<ref>http://ener-chi.com/about.htm</ref> Moritz tells his website readers that he used to be a teacher for meditation in the past and that he was interested in Ayurveda when he was in New Zealand and India.<br />
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He is not only the inventor of a liver cleansing method, but also of a "Ener-Chi Art" (Ener-Chi Wellness Center, LLC) claiming that the contemplation of a particular oil-painting had healing effects. His "Sacred Santèmony – Divine Chanting" - methods allegedly "deletes" interfering "Akasha-chronicle entries" by the use of "healing sounds".<br />
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==Andreas Moritz and Cancer==<br />
[[image:Moritz2.jpg|Cancer is not a disease|400px|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Moritz3.jpg|Wisdom of cancer cells|400px|thumb]]<br />
In his book ''Cancer is not a Disease - It's a Survival Mechanism'', Moritz describes cancer as but one of many ways the body tries to change the way you see and treat yourself. He adds: ''[...] as you are about to find out, cancer is on our side, not against us [...]''. 95% of all cancer cases healed spontaneously, if no medical treatment interfered such self-healing process. Similar convictions are known from the German quack and former physician (now barred) [[Ryke Geerd Hamer]], the inventor of [[Germanic New Medicine]], and also from followers of [[metamedicine]] and [[biologie totale]] of French Georges Sabbah.<br />
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According to Moritz, cancer always was an extremely rare illness, except in industrialised nations during the past 40-50&nbsp;years. He ignores the fact that cancer is a disease affecting mostly elderly people. Progress in medicine led to an increase in life expectancy. Together with progress in cancer detection, the increase of life expectancy led to an increase of cancer incidence. Fewer cases of infectious diseases and fewer cases of death due to accidents led to an increase in the percentage of cancer as the cause of death.<br />
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Moritz sees the origins of cancer in constant conflicts, guilt and shame, as they paralyzed basic functions of the body, and led to the growth of a cancerous tumour. Elimination of these alleged cancer-inducing factors would lead to a complete healing of cancer, says Moritz. Therapies used in scientific medicine (operation, radiation therapy or chemotherapy) would lead to a healing in only&nbsp;7% of the cases, and only a few patients would survive that form of healing. According to Moritz, more people died because of therapeutic efforts than due to their disease. These strange allegations without any proof are not backed by scientific literature and contradict solid scientific evidence of modern medicine.<br />
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Moritz instead believes in alleged statements of a Dr. Hardin Jones (University of California, see below), who is quoted ''Den Patienten geht es genauso gut, oder noch besser, wenn Sie [sic] nicht behandelt werden [...]'', i.e. ''Patients are as well or even better without treatment [...]''.<br />
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He also believes in the concept of a [[cancer prone personality]], obsolete and outdated theories of psychiatrists [[Wilhelm Reich]], Hans Eysenck, [[Ronald Grossarth-Maticek]], Lydia Temoshok (typus&nbsp;C) and Hürny and Adler (1991). He confounds personality traits and consequences of cancer (for instance depression as a consequence of a severe disease).<br />
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=="Liver Cleansing" According to Andreas Moritz==<br />
Moritz is the inventor of a pseudo-medical method called "liver cleansing" according to Andreas Moritz. Moritz believes that the majority of all adults in the industrialised world (and especially persons affected by heart disease, arthritis, diabetes, cancer or MS) carried hundreds or thousands of gall bladder stones, blocking liver function. A so-called "liver cleansing" (an almost identical method is known from American quack [[Hulda Clark]]) would "flush" gall bladder stones.<br />
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The patient must drink one litre of apple juice every day for six days and then take magnesium sulfate and 1/8&nbsp;litre of olive oil and grapefruit juice or lemon juice. These substances will build up in the gut soft lumps looking like gall stones in the gut; these will end up in the toilet and convince the patient he successfully eliminated his gall stones. In fact, as scientific evidence shows, no gall stone will be excreted in these cases.<ref>Christiaan W: Could these be gallstones? The Lancet, Volume 365, Issue 9468, Seite 1388, 16 April 2005, doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66373-8</ref><ref>Dekkers R. Apple juice and the chemical-contact softening of gallstones. Lancet 1999 25:354, 2171</ref><ref>Ewald, N, Hardt, P D: Flushing stones? „Leberreinigung” und „Gallenspülungen”. DMW 36, 2009</ref><br />
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==Hardin Jones, Jones&nbsp;H.&nbsp;B. and Cancer Therapy==<br />
On many webpages linked to alternative medicine, allegations and speculations can be found, claiming that a conventional cancer therapy would harm cancer patients more than no treatment at all. On English language webpages, an American physiologist named Hardin Jones is often presented as "a prominent cancer researcher" from the University of California (Berkeley). A quote often presented is the following: ''My studies have proved conclusively that cancer patients who refuse chemotherapy and radiation actually live up to four times longer than treated cases.''<br />
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This quote is assigned to a conference paper of the year 1969.<ref>Hardin B. Jones, Ph.D. "A Report on Cancer," paper delivered to the ACS's 11th Annual Science Writers Conference, New Orleans, march 7 1969</ref> But in this text, Hardin's above quote can not be found, see that document here: <ref>[http://www.psiram.com/media/Hardin_Jones/HardinJones1969.pdf Hardin Jones: "A Report on Cancer" 11th Annual Science Writers Conference, New Orleans, march 7, 1969]</ref><br />
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So what did Hardin actually say? Hardin was never active as clinical oncologist<ref>http://www.users.on.net/~pmoran/cancer/hardin_jones_and_cancer.htm</ref>. He worked a statistician and for the former "Atomic Energy Commission" in Berkeley. <br />
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Quotes by Hardin are linked to a presentation in 1956,<ref>Jones H. B. Demographic consideration of the cancer problem. Transactions, New York Academy of Science, 1956, series 2, v. 18, pages 298 - 333, PMID: 13312067</ref> this was more than 50&nbsp;years ago, when chemotherapy was in its early stages. The article of 1956 contains statistical data related to treated and untreated female patients with breast cancer. Author Jones in this article says: '''It is most likely that, in terms of life expectancy, the chance of survival is no better with than without treatment, and there is the possibility that treatment may make the survival time of cancer less'' (page 331). Jones in turn quotes articles, one dating back to 1926 and two from 1927. But even these very dated articles (with 651, 100, 64 and 100 cases) contradict his opinion.<br />
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These studies were not modern studies with a control group. According to Jones, the death-rate in case of cancer would remain constant over time (''the death rate for all kinds of cancer remains nearly fixed from the moment when cancer is identified'' page&nbsp;314). This theory was also known as "The Hardin Jones Principle" and was cited by Linus Pauling in 1989. However, it is known today that this simple theory is invalid. Different cancers have their own and different curve of survival.<br />
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The description given by Jones is false, if it was to be related to our times. At the end of the fifties, 25%&nbsp;of all breast cancer patients were still alive after 5&nbsp;years. In industrialised countries of today, this figure amounts to around&nbsp;80% (USA, year 2003),<ref>Jemal A, Thomas A, Murray T, Thun M. Cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin. 2002: 23-47 Also: Weir HK, Thun MJ, Hankey BF, Ries LA, Howe HL, Wingo PA, Jemal A, Ward E, Anderson RN, Edwards BK Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1975-2000, featuring the uses of surveillance data for cancer prevention and control. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003 Sep 3;95(17):1276-99</ref> even considering that breast cancer is detected much earlier today.<br />
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==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Andreas_Moritz Andreas Moritz]<br />
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==Weblinks==<br />
*http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/2010/02/andreas_moritz_legal_intimidation_in_the.php?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+scienceblogs%2Finsolence+%28Respectful+Insolence%29<br />
*http://skeptico.blogs.com/skeptico/alternative_medicine/<br />
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==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Moritz, Andreas}}<br />
[[category:Author]]<br />
[[category:Anti-vaccinationist]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Sodium_Bicarbonate_Therapy_according_to_Simoncini&diff=917Sodium Bicarbonate Therapy according to Simoncini2011-02-23T09:05:34Z<p>Pamela: </p>
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<div>The '''Sodium Bicarbonate Cancer Therapy according to Tullio Simoncini''' (also known as ''bica'', ''bicarb'' or ''bicarb soda'') is a [[Pseudomedicine|pseudomedical]] cancer therapy which must be considered one of the most ineffective and absurd methods claiming to cure cancer patients. This method is not only useless for the patient, but also very expensive.<br />
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The treatment was invented by former Italian physician '''Tullio Simoncini'''. In his home country, Tullio Simoncini was banned from his medical profession for life and convicted for fraud in three instances, for selling unproven medical treatments. In 2003, after the death of a patient whom he treated with sodium bicarbonate, he was convicted for wrongful death. <ref>http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/2006/maggio/21/Medico_condannato_omicidio_colposo_co_10_060521029.shtml</ref><br />
Tullio Simoncini claims that cancer is no more than a fungus – the fungus candida albicans to be precise – and that it can be cured with baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) only. To explain the fungus, Simoncini argues this is due to “excess acidity” of the body, which allows the fungus free rein. <br />
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Simoncini's theories are not compatible with knowledge of modern medicine. There is no scientific evidence to underpin his hypothesis, and scientific studies showing any positive effect of the treatment are also non-existent. His opinion may be compared to the opinions of Bavarian physician [[Alfons Weber]], who was convinced that cancer originates from protozoe, and consequently treated his cancer patients with anti-malaria drugs - to no effect. He also believed in the [[Historic Pleomorphism]] concept of 19th/20th century.<br />
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The sodium bicarbonate therapy according to Simoncini was met with uncritical resonance in [[NEXUS Magazine]]<ref>NEXUS Magazin&nbsp;13, October-November 2007</ref>. It was advertised in Germany by the association [[Menschen gegen Krebs]] of former nurse [[Lothar Hirneise]]<ref>Zitat: ''Dieses Seminar ist offen für alle Interessenten, jedoch besonders geeignet für Ärzte und Heilpraktiker. Dr.&nbsp;Simoncini wird dabei alle Krebsarten im Detail besprechen. Das Seminar ist strukturiert aufgebaut, so dass jeder Teilnehmer in die Praxis seiner Therapie eingeweiht wird und erfährt, wie man diese sofort umsetzen kann.''&nbsp;[http://www.dgk-buoch.de/simoncini.pdf]</ref> and was taught during a payable workshop by this association. The Simoncini Doctrine is advertised in several languages, via the private website of Simoncini hosted in the Netherlands.<br />
<br />
==Method==<br />
Simoncini is erroneously convinced that cancer is caused by the fungus candida albicans. Therefore, he views cancer as an infectious disease (mycosis). But instead of using effective anti-mycotic drugs, Simoncini recommends and uses sodium bicarbonate. Sodium bicarbonate can be found in many households as baking powder and is a cheap substance. Sodium bicarbonate is not a registered cancer drug, and is only used in intensive care to combat acidosis. Simoncini is convinced he can "heal" about&nbsp;80% of all cancer cases with sodium bicarbonate.<br />
<br />
Simoncini finds his customers and patients through the internet. Journalists of Italian RAI television (transmission ''striscia la notizia'') were able to film Simoncini with a hidden camera, showing how he treated cancer patients with sodium bicarbonate without adding the Italian VAT tax. A sodium bicarbonate therapy amounted to 7.750&nbsp;Euro, and a room in his private clinic costs 3.700&nbsp;Euro. <br />
<br />
His method was also popular in the Netherlands, where fled after his conviction in Italy.<br />
<br />
==Inventor Tullio Simoncini==<br />
[[image:simoncini4.jpg|Tullio Simoncini|thumb]]<br />
'''Tullio Simoncini''' is a disbarred Roman physician and businessman and president of a private association ''Associazione italiana Fungo è Tumore (A.I.F.è.T.)'', (i.e. ''Italian Association Fungus and Cancer''). No publication of Simoncini's can be found in any scientific databases until today (2010).<br />
<br />
After several deaths occurred after a sodium bicarbonate therapy, Simoncini was sued by families of the victims. He lost his medical approbation and was convicted of fraud in three cases and of wrongful death in one case in 2003. His brother, Angelo Simoncini, (also a physician) was convicted of fraud, too. His name has been cancelled as well from the list of Italian accredited physicians.<ref>http://application.fnomceo.it/Fnomceo/public/visioneProfessionisti.ot?page=1&rowsPerPage=30]</ref><br><br><br><br />
<br />
==Simoncini "Therapy" in the Netherlands==<br />
[[image:SylviaTrachsler.jpg|Sylvia Trachsler (picture: netwerk.tv)|thumb]]<br />
Female breast cancer patient Sylvia Trachsler<ref>http://www.netwerk.tv/uitzending/2010-03-31/familie-overleden-pati%C3%ABnte-wil-vervolging-kliniek-berg-en-bosch</ref> died 8 October 2007 in the Netherlands at the age of 58, after having received daily sodium bicarbonate infusions in an alternative clinic, the ''Kliniek voor Preventieve Geneeskunde Berg en Bosch (KPG)'' in Bilthoven.<ref>http://www.volkskrant.nl/binnenland/article475419.ece/Arts_overleden_vrouw_niet_behandeld</ref><ref>http://mistersandman.rtvkatwijk.nl/website/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=13038:verbod-op-omstreden-therapie&catid=7:wetenschap&Itemid=14</ref><ref>http://www.kwakzalverij.nl/681/De_kankertherapie_van_Dottor_Tullio_Simoncini_uit_Rome</ref> Her friend Peter (Peter&nbsp;M.) started a search for other patients who had been treated according to the Simoncini protocol.<ref>OPROEP Ik wil graag in kontakt komen met patienten die negatieve ervaringen hebben ondervonden bij de Italiaanse (arts) Simoncini. 'VOELT U ZICH DOOR SIMONCINI MISLEID EN/OF BEDROGEN?' Uw ervaring, uw eventuele 'mis'behandeling kan van onschatbare waarde zijn voor alle andere kankerpatienten. Met name patienten die in Bilthoven tussen 4&nbsp;oktober en 9&nbsp;oktober 2007 behandeld zijn door Simoncini en natriumbicarbonaat-injecties hebben gekregen! MAG IK U 'IN NAAM VAN SYLVIA' VRAGEN DIT BIJ JUSTITIE TE MELDEN! Het is van groot belang dat als een tweede getuige zich meldt het Openbaar Ministerie nog beter in staat zal zijn Simoncini te vervolgen! Peter [http://cryptocheilus.wordpress.com/2008/06/02/oproep-ex-patienten-simoncini/]</ref> Sylvia died of heart failure, but the exact cause of her unnatural death could not be established. After her death, the Dutch health authorities intervened and banned the treatment.<ref>http://www.volkskrant.nl/binnenland/article501382.ece/Kankerbehandeling_Bilthoven_moet_stoppen,_zegt_Inspectie</ref><br />
<br />
==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bikarbonat-Therapie_nach_Simoncini Bikarbonat-Therapie nach Simoncini]<br />
<br />
==Weblinks==<br />
===German Links===<br />
*http://blog.psiram.com/?p=255<br />
<br />
===English Links===<br />
*http://anaximperator.wordpress.com/2009/06/09/tullio-simoncini-and-the-research-that-wasnt<br />
*http://anaximperator.wordpress.com/2009/12/18/sodium-bicarbonate-really-works-for-h1n1-influenza<br />
*http://www.cancertreatmentwatch.org/reports/simoncini.shtml<br />
*http://www.123hjemmeside.dk/cancer_is_not_a_fungus/<br />
<br />
===Italian Links===<br />
*http://www.mimandaraitre.rai.it/MMR_servizio/0,10135,1067083,00.html<br />
*http://www.striscialanotizia.mediaset.it/video/2005/03/31/video_1237.shtml?adsl<br />
*http://www.striscialanotizia.mediaset.it/video/2005/04/07/video_1276.shtml?adsl<br />
*http://www.lavozdeasturias.es/noticias/noticia.asp?pkid=39747<br />
<br />
===Dutch Links===<br />
*http://cryptocheilus.wordpress.com/2008/06/02/oproep-ex-patienten-simoncini/<br />
*http://www.kwakzalverij.nl/681/De_kankertherapie_van_Dottor_Tullio_Simoncini_uit_Rome<br />
*http://www.igz.nl/actueel/nieuwsberichten/natriumcarb<br />
<br />
===French Links===<br />
*http://kystes.blog.lemonde.fr/2009/06/21/internet-un-mauvais-conseiller-pour-le-traitement-du-cancer/<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[category:Cancer Miracle Therapy]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Ralph_W._Moss&diff=916Ralph W. Moss2011-02-23T09:02:58Z<p>Pamela: /* Weblinks */</p>
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<div>[[image:RalphMoss.jpg|Ralph Moss|thumb]]<br />
'''Ralph&nbsp;W. Moss''' is a US-american author of books and topical essays and also supplies pertinent internet products on the subject of [[alternative medicine]] including the propagation of [[conspiracy theory|conspiracy theories]] in this field. Moss is not only active as an author of books, but also operates his own websites on the net and sells the so-called "Moss Reports" dealing with health-related topics. His entourage usually refers to him as a "medical writer", a "science writer" or an "independent researcher". Regarding Moss there are dubious vanity titles like nominations in the "Marquis Who‘s Who in America", or "Who‘s Who in the World", "Who‘s Who in Health Care" and "Who‘s Who in Entertainment".<br />
In his publications and in internet websites of the “Cancer Communications Inc.” with postal address in Pennsylvania<ref>"Cancer Communications inc", PO&nbsp;Box&nbsp;1076, Lemont, PA&nbsp;16851, USA</ref> as well as in “Moss Reports” and “Cancer Chronicles”. Moss on one hand circulates demagogic views referring to orthodox scientific medicine (especially cancer therapies), on the other he tries to promote certain [[unconventional cancer therapies]] without any proven personal competence in this field. He is regarded as an opponent of medical chemotherapy in cases of cancer, which he considers to be inhumane.<ref>Ralph W. Moss: ''Conventional cancer therapy is so toxic and dehumanizing that I fear it far more than I fear death from cancer. We know that conventional therapy doesn't work--if it did, you would not fear cancer any more than you fear pneumonia. It is the utter lack of certainty as to the outcome of conventional treatment that virtually screams for more freedom of choice in the area of cancer therapy. Yet most alternative therapies regardless of potential or proven benefit, are outlawed, which forces patients to submit to the failures that we know don't work, because there's no other choice.''</ref><br />
But when referring to some far-out unorthodox therapies and obvious alternative medical humbug, he also writes critical articles, e.g. in the cases of the [[Sodium Bicarbonate Therapy according to Simoncini]] or of the [[Germanic New Medicine]] according to [[Ryke Geerd Hamer]].<br />
Moss is to be regarded as a proponent of alternative or pseudo-medical therapies of severe diseases such as cancer. In this context he advocates yoga, [[homeopathy]] or Therapeutic Touch.<ref>http://www.ralphmoss.com/nytimes1.html (10/1/2001)</ref> He is also regarded a supporter of the blatantly ineffective [[Antineoplaston Therapy]] (ANP) according to Stanislaw Burzynski. Moss also believes in the effectiveness of antioxidants in connection with Chemo- and Radiotherapy, although it is widely known that the formation of free radicals is essential to the effectiveness of these methods.<ref>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16484715?itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum&ordinalpos=9</ref> Moss is also known to be a supporter of [[Virginia Livinston-Wheeler]] who was of the opinion that cancer originated in an infection with the bacterium "progenitor cryptocydes" and consequently advocated vaccination against cancer.<br />
Some time later progenitor cryptocydes turned out to be nothing but an ordinary stem of staphylococcus to be found on the skin of every human being.<br />
According to Moss there is a cancer business complex propagating corresponding remedies of the pharmaceutical industries pushing their interests with the help of the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the American Cancer Society (ACS), renowned universities, and the Federal Drug Association (FDA). On the other hand reputed US-american institutions are suspected of illicitly qualifying naturopathic therapies as ineffective or not sufficiently tested.<br />
<br />
==Short Biography==<br />
No sufficient biographical documentation is available, not even on his own homepages. There is a BA diploma of New York University dated 1965 (Greek and Eastern History and Religion), and an MA degree of Stanford University dated 1973 where he obtained a PhD (in "Classical Languages and Literature"). But Moss is no physician and therefore has no degree in medicine, no MD. Still he falsely presents himself as a medical doctor on various German language homepages.<br />
Moss claims to have been Assistant Director of Public Affairs of the renowned Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center between 1974 and 1977. This claim, however, is called in question by critics pointing to documents where he is only referred to as a “science writer”.<ref>http://www.quackwatch.com/04ConsumerEducation/Reviews/moss.html</ref> Moss describes his job as follows: ''Officially, my job was to write one article per month for the centre’s newsletter, as well as various press releases and the research section of the annual report. [...] I was science writer in the Department of Public Affairs, responsible for reporting new advances in research and treatment to the general public. My greatest achievement was in writing the first description for the lay public on the discovery of tumor necrosis factor in 1975''. He was dismissed from the MSKCC for “failing to properly discharge his most basic job responsibilities.”<ref>"NIH OAM Director Resigns. Herbert Calls For Investigation Of Appointees," NCAHF Newsletter 1994 17 5 [http://www.ncahf.org/nl/1994/9-10.html]</ref> The true reason of his dismissal became apparent when Moss participated in a press conference of amygdaline adherents and accused his employer of suppressing studies advocating the use of [[Amygdaline]] (Laetrile).<ref>http://www.usnews.com/usnews/culture/articles/950717/archive_032434.htm</ref> As a matter of fact MSKCC studies had disputed any effectiveness whatsoever of Amygdaline.<br />
<br />
==Activities==<br />
Moss is the author of about a dozen books and three documentaries. He published about a dozen articles in the magazine for alternative medicine "Integrative Cancer Therapies" ICT.<ref>http://ict.sagepub.com/</ref> Before 2002, when ICT was founded, there are no known scientific articles written by Moss in the database Medline.<br />
Editor in chief of the publication ICT is Keith&nbsp;I. Block who also wrote articles for the commercial "Moss Reports".<br />
Moss also held lectures in Germany and, on his websites, claimed he was a honorary member and scientific adviser to the German Society of Oncology (DGO - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Onkologie&nbsp;e.V.).<ref>http://www.ralphmoss.com/dgohonor.html</ref> This organisation, however, is nothing but a private association (Verein) located in 83043&nbsp;Bad Aibling (Bavaria)<ref>http://www.dgo-info.de/</ref> and has nothing to do whatsoever with the DKFZ, the German Cancer Research Center in Heidelberg. The above mentioned DGO aims at the promotion of alternative medical methods of healing in cancer therapy and Whole-body Hyperthermia (SGHT – Systemische Ganzkörper Hyperthermie). It was founded by the physician and ufologist Hans Nieper and is said to have 500&nbsp;members.<br />
<br />
==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Ralph_W._Moss Ralph W. Moss]<br />
<br />
==Weblinks==<br />
* http://www.quackwatch.com/04ConsumerEducation/Reviews/moss.html<br />
* http://www.flickr.com/photos/24860924@N07/page1<br />
*[http://www.cancerdecisions.com/050408.html My visit to Germany]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Moss, Ralph W.}}<br />
[[category:Author]]<br />
[[category:Conspiracy Theorist]]<br />
[[category:Pseudomedic]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Bovis_scale&diff=915Bovis scale2011-02-23T09:01:38Z<p>Pamela: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[image:Bovis.jpg|thumb|right|Bovis-units according to A.&nbsp;Bovis|300px]]<br />
The '''Bovis-scale''' (''Bovis-units'') is used by [[Radiesthesia|radiesthesists]] (dowsers) and adherents of [[geomancy]] to describe the "strength" of am alleged "subtle energy" or "life energy", or a postulated "cosmo-telluric energy". This unit is not accepted scientifically and has a [[pseudoscience|pseudoscientific]] character.<br />
<br />
==The origins, and the inventor A. Bovis==<br />
[[image:A_Bovis.jpg|A. Bovis (putative Antoine Bovis)|left|200px|thumb]][[image:Andre_Bovis.jpg|André Bovis|left|150px|thumb]]<br />
The origins of the term "Bovis" is unclear. According to different sources, the Bovis scale was named after an alleged French physicist, radiesthesist, inventor, and tinkerer by the name of Bovis. His first name is referred as Anton<ref>http://www.energynics.com/bovis-scale.shtml</ref>, Antoine<ref>http://www.jenskleemann.de/wissen.php4?p=b/bo/bovis.html</ref><ref>http://www.skeptic.com/junior_skeptic/issue23/translation_Bovis.html</ref>, "André Bovis from Nice"<ref>http://www.conscienceverte.fr/la-regle-de-bovis-%28premiere-partie%29-2-168.html</ref>, or Alfred<ref>http://www.magic-places.ch/Boviseinh.html</ref>. But there are no doubts about his birth date, January 12, 1871 in Nice (France). A. Bovis died November 13, 1947.<br />
<br />
The Czech radio-technician and pseudo-scientist Karel Drbal, in his book ''The Struggle for the Pyramid Patent'',<ref>Drbal, Karel: The Struggle for the Pyramid Patent. Warner Destiny, 1976)</ref>, asserts that the inventor of the Bovis scale was Antoine Bovis who allegedly owned a hard-ware store, did private radiesthetic studies and worked on a [[Esotericism|esoteric]] pyramid energy. The website "sceptic.com" also mentions a Antoine Bovis.<ref>http://www.skeptic.com/junior_skeptic/issue23/translation_Bovis.html</ref> Sceptic.com shows a book by an "A. Bovis" in which he describes his ''"méthode niçoise de radiesthesie"'' (Nicoise method of radiesthesia) with his ''biometre''. However, the first name Antoine is never mentioned, the author is always described as "Mr. A. Bovis", and with a postal address of "Bovis, 15 rue Pertinax, Nice". Apparently, and for unknown reasons, the author decided not to reveal his first name. <br />
<br />
On the other hand there is no doubt that "Mr. A. Bovis" in fact was André Bovis, a tinkerer, inventor, and radiesthesist from Nice in southern France. His grandson Jacques Bovis, who defines himself as a "geobiologist", refers to his grandfather André Bovis and his alleged radiesthetic abilities.<ref>http://www.geobiologie.fr/pages_fr/enseignants.php</ref>. <br />
<br />
French citizen André Simoneton seems to have made further developments of Bovis's invention, and he spoke of a so-called ''radio vitality'' (radiovitalité). Both Bovis and Simoneton related the Bovis scale to the wellknown lenth-scale Ångström (1&nbsp;Å = 0,1&nbsp;nm or 10<sup>−10</sup>m). On an original Bovis scale made by Bovis, the unit Ångström can be seen (see picture).<br />
<br />
==Bovis reading==<br />
[[image:Bovismeter1.png|thumb|300px|biometer or bovismeter (French: ''biometre'')]]<br />
During a Bovis "measurement", the dowser walks around the place or approaches a particular object with a device (a pendulum, biotensor or "biometer"). The "measurement" is completed when the dowser declares the local Bovis figure (''"this place has 18000&nbsp;Bovis"''). Sometimes a second person counts down from a high figure until the dowser asks him to stop counting and to tell the actual figure.<br />
<br />
A figure of 6,500 is considered "neutral", lower figures affect human "energies" negatively, while higher ones are said to have a positive effect.<br><br />
<br />
==The values==<br />
A Bovis figure of 6,500 is considered "neutral", lower figures affect human "energies" negatively, higher figures are said to have a positive effect. <br />
<br />
Figures above 10,000 are in the "ethereal range" and considered to be [[Place of Power|Places of power]]<br />
<br />
Bovis figures according to German dowser Markus Schirner<ref>Schirner M, Pendel-Set, Schirner-Verlag, ISBN:3-930944-65-0</ref><br />
{|<br />
|0 - 2000 || crossings of two or more disturbing zones; immune dysfunction; arrest of growth<br />
|-<br />
|2000 - 6000 || interference zone; detrimental to humans<br />
|-<br />
|6500 || neutral<br />
|-<br />
|7000 - 8000 || best value / full vitality<br />
|-<br />
|9000 - 10000 || too high in case of long exposure<br />
|-<br />
|10000 - 13500 || energetic and etheric zones of the human body<br />
|-<br />
|13500 - 18000 || spiritual, sacred, and esoteric places<br />
|-<br />
|18000 and higher || regions of cosmic rays<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Visible light has a wavelength between 3,800&nbsp;Å and 7,800&nbsp;Å. These wavelengths correspond to frequencies between 789&nbsp;and 385&nbsp;THz. Therefore, the declaration of "full vitality" will correspond to red light and have an energy of 2&nbsp;eV per photon, ultra-violet light having an energy of 3&nbsp;eV per photon (1&nbsp;eV = 1,6&nbsp;·&nbsp;10<sup>-19</sup>&nbsp;Joule).<br />
<br />
==criticism==<br />
[[image:Vibracell.jpg|Example of advertisement for a comestible using "Bovis values"|420px|thumb]]<br />
The Bovis scale is used on a basis of undefined or cloudy words like "life energy", "astralic" or "vitality". Furthermore, known scientific terms (energy, radiation, measurement) are used, but their meaning is not disclosed, an indication of pseudoscience. There is no definition given for the "Bovis units" and there are no known detecting or calibrating instruments for the claimed "subtle energies". Effects deduced from pendulum movements are known to be influenced by the Carpenter effect.<br />
<br />
Some sources, among them inventors Bovis and Simoneton, relate their Bovis values to the known unit Ångström while speaking about "wavelenghth" of alleged measured radiations. Some authors also speak about "Bio-Ångström", making it further difficult to understand what they are talking about. Using Bovis values as length units, they can be used to assign an energy in its physical meaning. But by doing this, an increasing Bovis value will rather assign decreasing energies (as known in physics), because the wavelenghth of an electromagnetic radiation is inversely proportional to its frequency, and not increasing energy as supporters of the Bovis concept state. Also, using the Bovis figures as Ångström, the claimed radiation energy would be visible.<br />
<br />
Sometimes the Bovis figures are used to diagnose diseases in humans. There is no rational basis for this pseudo-medical use.<br />
<br />
==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Bovis-Einheit#anderssprachige_Psiram-Artikel Bovis-Einheit]<br />
<br />
==literature==<br />
* Simoneton, André: Radiations des aliments, ondes humaines et sante, Paris 1949<br />
* Simoneton, André: Radiovitalite des des aliements - hypotheses sur la vie et la sante (1949)<br />
<br />
==Weblinks==<br />
*[http://skeptic.com/downloads/Antoine_Bovis_Booklet.pdf "Sceptic.com": expose of A. Bovis (french)]<br />
<br />
==references==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[category:pseudoscience]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Cancer_Diet&diff=914Cancer Diet2011-02-23T08:57:56Z<p>Pamela: /* Criticism */</p>
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<div>[[image:cancerdiet3.jpg|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Krebskiller.jpg|Phantastic claims without reference on front page of German Bild-Zeitung<ref>Bild-Zeitung, first page January 28, 2010</ref>|200px|thumb]]<br />
A '''cancer diet''' is a way of alimentation or diet intended to heal or cure a cancer disease in a causal way or to prolong survival time. A wider understanding of the term "cancer diet" also includes a diet intended to improve the quality of life of cancer patients without affecting prognosis.<br />
<br />
So far, specific cancer diets are not accepted in scientific medicine, and are common in an environment of alternative medicine. However, most cancer patients choose also concomitant alternative therapies to an effective therapy in a complementary way.<br />
<br />
Specific cancer diets are nutritional recommendations going beyond generic recommendations and usually include unusual components, for instance the consumption of herbal substances, or prohibit a particular way of alimentation or particular substances. The recommendations found (in books or the internet) as a rule are backed only by theoretical considerations and usually lack any scientific proof or literature.<br />
<br />
In general, almost every cancer diet is claimed to be effective in a preventive way and, at the same time, also in a curative way. Cancer prevention and cure are often confused or mixed. However, a common cancer patient is much less interested in prevention of a possible future (different) cancer disease, but seeks healing or relief of his present state. Most cancer patients are aware that chemotherapy or radiation therapy may trigger a future cancer.<br />
<br />
==Common Cancer Diet Models==<br />
Common explanations for cancer diets are:<br />
<br />
*an alleged [[detoxification]] of usually not specified "toxins" or "waste"<br />
*strengthening of the immune system <br />
*famishing of cancer cells (see [[Breuß cure]]) or selective intoxication of cancer cells<br />
*recommendations in accordance with the [[Warburg effect]] of energy metabolism (examples: [[Budwig diet]] or [[Coy diet]])<br />
<br />
==Known Cancer Diets==<br />
[[image:MoermanDiet.jpg|left|thumb]]<br />
*[[Anthroposophy|anthroposophic]] cancer diet according to Renzenbrink. A "whole foods" alimentation, without food originating from solanaceae (Tomatoes, potatoes). Developed by German physician Udo Renzenbrink (1913 - 1994)<br />
*[[Breuß cure]]: only vegetable juices (carrot, celery, potatoes, raphanus) and particular teas for six weeks. Developed by Austrian farmer and "Heilpraktiker" Rudolf Breuß (1899 - 1990)<br />
*[[Gerson diet]]: [[Coffee enema]], laxative, liver-extracts, iodine, vitamins and pepsine. Some proteins, sugar and salt.<br />
*[[Howard Hay diet]]: proteins and carbohydrates well separated.<br />
*[[Instinctotherapy]] according to [[Guy Claude Burger]]: no cooked or heated food, but raw meat and fish is permitted.<br />
*Isopathic lactic acid diet or protective diet according to [[Johannes Kuhl]]: optically (+) lactic acid.<br />
*Cancer diet according to Ernst Leupold: extremely carbohydrate deficient diet, infusions with sugar and insuline. No fruit (except lemons).<br />
*[[Macrobiotics|Macrobiotic diet according to Kushi-Ohsawa and his followers: mostly grains.<br />
*[[Moerman diet]] according to Cornelius Moerman: "whole food" and iodine, citric acid, yeast, wheat, sulfur and vitamins.<br />
*[[Oil-protein diet]] according to [[Johanna Budwig]]: flax seed oils and nut oils, cabbage juice (Sauerkrautsaft), vegetable and fruit juices.<br />
*Cancer diet according to [[Catherine Kousmine]]: grains and raw food, no meat.<br />
*[[Hirneise 3E-program]]: developed by former nurse [[Lothar Hirneise]].<br />
*Whole Food diet according to Maximilian Bircher-Benner: Little fat, vegetables and grain in large quantities, milk products, fruit, fish instead of meat.<br />
*[[Kelley Gonzalez therapy]].<br />
*[[Seeger 10 way therapy]].<br />
*[[Coy diet]]<br />
<br />
==Criticism==<br />
The various cancer diets are very different from each other and contradict each other. Alleged preventive effects are often mixed with a possible curative approach.<br />
<br />
No specific cancer diet has been accepted by evidence based medicine so far. To the contrary: a one-sided and limited diet (as macrobiotics in its extreme form) may be harmful and cause nutritional deficits and may increase weight loss.<br />
<br />
==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Krebsdi%C3%A4t Krebsdiät]<br />
<br />
==Literature==<br />
#Kasper H, Bartram P, Scheppach W (1992) Tumorentstehung - hemmende und fördernde Effekte von Ernährungsfaktoren. In: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung (Hrsg) Ernährungsbericht 1992. Frankfurt: Eigenverlag, S. 251-286<br />
#Dötsch R (1994) Die Bewertung von Außenseitermethoden (”Krebsdiäten”) in der Onkologie. Akt Ernähr-Med 19: 322<br />
#Ollenschläger. Welchen Nutzen haben sogenannte "Krebsdiäten" ? Der informierte Arzt - Gazette Médicale 1996; 17: 213-220 [www.ollenschlaeger.net]<br />
#Jungi WF (1986) Krebsdiäten. In: Jungi WF, Senn HJ (Hrsg) Krebs und Alternativmedizin. Aktuelle Onkologie, Bd. 32. München: Zuckschwerdt Verlag, S: 284-294<br />
#Kasper H (1991) Tumordiät - Fakt oder Phantasie. In: Schauder P (Hrsg) Ernährung und Tumorerkrankungen. Basel: Karger, S. 440-453<br />
#Halliwell B (1994) Free radicals, antioxidants and human disease: curiosity, cause, or consequence. Lancet 344: 721-724<br />
#Bitsch R, Sinnhuber, Oberritter H, Großklaus R, Müller MJ, Wolfram G (1994) Alternative Diäten - Wunderdiäten? Akt Ernähr-Med 19: 195-211<br />
#Birkhan B (1993) Unkonventionelle Konzepte in der Diätetik. In: Oepen I (Hrsg) Unkonventionelle medizinische Verfahren. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer, S. 221-241<br />
#Strube H (1995) Außenseiterdiäten. In: Biesalski HK et al (Hrsg) Ernährungsmedizin. Stuttgart: Thieme, S. 483-493<br />
#Ollenschläger G, Thomas W, Konkol K, Diehl V, Roth E (1992) Nutritional behaviour and quality of life during oncological polychemotherapy: Results of a prospective study on the efficacy of oral nutrition<br />
<br />
==Weblinks==<br />
*http://www.geocities.com/~ollenschlaeger/krebsdiat.pdf<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
------------------------<br />
*[http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Krebsdi%C3%A4t same article in German]<br />
<br />
[[category:Cancer Diet]]<br />
[[category:Pseudomedical Therapy]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Night_Milk_Crystals&diff=913Night Milk Crystals2011-02-23T08:56:05Z<p>Pamela: /* Psiram-articles in other languages */</p>
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<div>[[image:Nachtmilchkristalle.jpg|(picture: Milchkristalle GmbH, Munich)|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Nachtmilch.jpg|product "Nachtmilch" (''night milk'', picture: former Swiss "Project Nachtmilch")|thumb]]<br />
'''Night Milk Crystals''' is a dried milk product sold by a Munich based company. This product falls into the classification of food products.<ref>http://www.nacht-milchkristalle.de/index.php?page=content&coID=51 (PZN 7525421)</ref> It is made by milking cows at nighttime. According to the manufacturers' assertions, night milk crystals contain a high concentration of the hormone melatonin, and therefore are said to have sleep-inducing effects. One portion of these crystals contains 9&nbsp;grams of milk powder and is sold at a retail price of 1.55&nbsp;Euros. Manufacturers are Milchkristalle GmbH in Munich<ref>Milchkristalle GmbH, Occamstraße&nbsp;9, 80802&nbsp;München</ref>, owned and operated by Tony Gnann - a German businessman - who holds a patent on the production process.<ref>http://www.patent-de.com/20070614/DE102005059518A1.html</ref><br />
<br />
==Preparation==<br />
Cows are kept under artificial light conditions during daytime and under a soft red and yellow light during nighttime. They are milked between 2&nbsp;and 4&nbsp;a.m. when the melatonin content is supposedly highest. In a process called freeze drying, the drawn milk is then turned into a crystalline powder under vacuum conditions.<br />
<br />
==Assertions and Studies==<br />
In order to back the claims made regarding this product, manufacturers point to a small sized study of the Bavarian "Innovationsförderung Weihenstefan".<ref>Heiko Dustmann, Horst Weißsieker, Ralf Wetendorf: ''Wirksamkeit eines Milchprodukts mit nativ erhöhtem Melatoningehalt'', article in "Der Lebensmittelbrief" - Innovationsberatung Weihenstephan.[http://www.wirksamkeitsstudie.de.tf]</ref> In this study, the authors indicate a melatonin concentration of 110&nbsp;pg/g for this product. In comparison, ordinary milk powder contains 15&nbsp;pg/g. Over a period of ten days, test subjects (humans) ingested 10&nbsp;grams of the product on every day (thus 1.1&nbsp;ng melatonin per day) which was mixed with an unknown quantity of ordinary milk.<br />
<br />
The content of melatonin contained in ''night milk crystals'' is extremely low. In order to obtain the same effect as with an approved medication containing 2&nbsp;milligrams (mg) of melatonin, the consumer would have to ingest around 2&nbsp;million portions of the crystal powder at a total cost of approx. 3.1&nbsp;million Euros. Melatonin, however, is not considered a sleep inducing medication and cannot be obtained as such in a German pharmacy.<ref>http://gutepillen-schlechtepillen.de/pages/archiv/jahrgang-2010/nr.-3-maijuni-2010/aufgespiesst-ndash-aus-internet-und-werbung-melatonin-haltige-nachtmilchkristalle.php</ref><br />
<br />
In 2004, the veterinary institute of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University in Munich examined "night milk" in another study.<ref>Wöhr, A.C., Birkle J., Unshelm J., Erhard M.H. ''MELATONIN IN `NIGHT MILK´ AND THE USE AS FUNCTIONAL FOOD'', 23rd World Buiatrics Congress, Quebec City, Canada, Juli 2004</ref> The Munich researcher detected that milk drawn from cows at night contained 18.7&nbsp;pg/ml melatonin. During daytime milking, only 1.9&nbsp;pg/ml melatonin were detected. High variation within the population was noticed. In a feeding experiment with night milk and ordinary milk given to calves, no effects on their circadian rhythm nor on the plasma concentration became evident. Therefore, authors concluded, night milk has no effect as a pacemaker (melatonin acts as a pacemaker and has a so called Zeitgeber function). The melatonin signal forms part of the system which regulates the sleep-wake cycle. It is the central nervous system (more specifically, the SCN, supra chiasmatic nuclei) which controls the daily cycle in most components of the paracrine and endocrine systems rather than the melatonin signal (as postulated earlier).<br />
<br />
No food has been found so far to elevate plasma melatonin levels in humans.<ref>Coates, Paul M. (2005). "Encyclopedia of Dietary Supplements". Marc R. Blackman, Gordon M. Cragg, Mark Levine, Joel Moss, Jeffrey D. White. CRC Press. pp. 457–466. ISBN 0824755049</ref><br />
<br />
==Night Milk==<br />
Besides processing, marketing and retailing night milk crystals, night milk itself was and is offered as a food product on the market. In Switzerland, Zurich canton health officials prohibited the provider "Harvestmoon" to claim their product "Nachtmilch" (night milk) contained five times more melatonin than ordinary milk.<br />
Harvestmoon accepted the interdiction and stopped retail and production. In Finland and Great Britain, night milk seems to be available.<br />
<br />
==Literature==<br />
*''Nachtmilchkristalle gegen Schlaflosigkeit sind Unsinn'', article in "Deutsches Ärzteblatt", June&nbsp;17 2010<br />
*Heiko Dustmann, Horst Weißsieker, Ralf Wetendorf: ''Wirksamkeit eines Milchprodukts mit nativ erhöhtem Melatoningehalt'', article in "Der Lebensmittelbrief" - Innovationsberatung Weihenstephan.[http://www.wirksamkeitsstudie.de.tf]<br />
*Wöhr, A.C., Birkle J., Unshelm J., Erhard M.H. ''MELATONIN IN `NIGHT MILK´ AND THE USE AS FUNCTIONAL FOOD'', 23rd World Buiatrics Congress, Quebec City, Canada, July&nbsp;2004<br />
*COMED, June&nbsp;1 2010<br />
<br />
==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Nachtmilchkristalle Nachtmilchkristalle]<br />
<br />
==Weblinks in English==<br />
*[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/oct/18/nocturnal-milk-night-insomnia-sleep article in "The Guardian", October&nbsp;19, 2010]<br />
* http://www.thelocal.de/sci-tech/20101017-30549.html<br />
<br />
==Weblinks in German==<br />
*http://gutepillen-schlechtepillen.de/pages/archiv/jahrgang-2010/nr.-3-maijuni-2010/aufgespiesst-ndash-aus-internet-und-werbung-melatonin-haltige-nachtmilchkristalle.php<br />
*http://www.aerzteblatt.de/nachrichten/41634/Nachtmilchkristalle_gegen_Schlaflosigkeit_sind_Unsinn.htm<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[category:food]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Eleanor_McBean&diff=912Eleanor McBean2011-02-23T08:55:36Z<p>Pamela: /* Psiram-articles in other languages */</p>
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<div>'''Eleanor McBean''' (also Eleanora McBean and pseudonym ''Elben''; September 12, 1905, California, USA - June 6, 1989, Los Angeles, California, USA) was an outspoken American anti-vaccinist and author of several anti-vaccinist publications. McBean's layperson's perspective on health and medical topics can only be considered non-professional as her description of a vaccination as an "infusion of poison injected into the blood stream" in the preface to her book "The Poisoned Needle" demonstrates (ibid. p.&nbsp;5).<br />
<br />
==Writings==<br />
In her writings, McBean postulates the existence of a causal connection between the small pox vaccination according to Jenner and the death of a patient due to an infection with tuberculosis: ''"[...] was declared immune to smallpox but he too, died of tuberculosis at the age of 20."'' McBean also views cancer as a result of previous vaccination.<br />
<br />
According to McBean, the Spanish Flu Epidemic of 1918 was caused by vaccinations as well as subsequently administered medications which only extended the duration of infections. She meant to prove this with the cotention that she survived the Spanish Flu as a child because she and her family did not receive any of the vaccinations in circulation at that time. However, no vaccine against influenza existed in 1918 and the cause of influenza was still unidentified. It was not known that a virus was the pathogenic agent. Andrewes, Smith and Laidlaw of the National Institute for Medical Research were able to determine the cause in 1933, while the first vaccine became available in 1944/45. McBean states the Spanish Flu was not an influenza but was rather caused by reciprocal effects of the 25 vaccines given out to soldiers. She also claims the disease was further spread into the general population when vaccines were left over at the end of the war, and the need to use the stocks lead to the creation of further areas of application. She reports people were told they would be infected with diseases like typhoid, diphtheria, and small pox by returning soldiers. McBean fails to mention, however, which vaccines were responsible and how she manages to arrive at a total of 25 vaccines given the few available immmunizations.<br />
<br />
McBean explains: ''All the doctors and people who were living at the time of the 1918 Spanish Influenza epidemic say it was the most terrible disease the world has ever had. [...] The disease had the characteristics of the black death added to typhoid, diphtheria, pneumonia, smallpox, paralysis and all the diseases the people had been vaccinated with immediately following World War 1. Practically the entire population had been injected — "seeded" with a dozen or more diseases — or toxic serums. [...] As far as I could find out, the flu hit only the vaccinated. Those who had refused the shots escaped the flu. My family had refused all the vaccinations so we remained well all the time. [...] It has been said that the 1918 flu epidemic killed 20,000,000 people throughout the world. But, actually, the doctors killed them with their crude and deadly treatments and drugs.<ref>Elben, "Vaccination Condemned", Chapter 2.</ref><br />
<br />
==Known Adresses==<br />
*1950: Eleanor McBean, 447 Crane Blvd, Los Angeles 65<br />
*1960: Eleanor McBean, Box 55278, Los Angeles<br />
<br />
==Quotes<sub><ref>Mc Bean, E. "The Poisoned Needle"</ref></sub>==<br />
<br />
*Regarding Antibodies:<br />
<br />
:''These elusive little nothings have fooled the people and served the uses of doctors but have vanished into theory when subjected to the clear light of scientific investigation.''<br />
<br />
:''These mythical anti-bodies are said to make war on disease germs. But germs are not the cause of disease in the first place and are useful wherever they are found in nature [...]''<br />
<br />
*About Diseases<br />
<br />
:''Disease is not something to be cured; it is a cure.''<br />
<br />
:''These diseases [measles, chicken-pox, mumps, scarlet fever] are not contagious but are merely cleansing measures of the body[...]''<br />
<br />
==Publications==<br />
*1981 Vaccination Condemned by Elben (Eleanor McBean)<br />
*1977 Vaccination, The Silent Killer with Ida Honorof<br />
*1962 Answers For The Worried Smoker by Eleanor McBean<br />
*1977 Swine Flu Expose by Eleanora McBean, Ph.D., N.D. ISBN 0-7873-1401-3<br />
*1957 The Poisoned Needle by Eleanor McBean ISBN 0-7873-0594-4<br />
*1957 The Hidden Dangers In Polio Vaccine (Chapter 10 of Poisoned Needle)<br />
<br />
==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Eleanor_McBean Eleanor McBean]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[category:Anti-vaccinationist]]<br />
[[category:Author]]<br />
{{Wikipedia|Wikititle=Eleanor_McBean|Year=2010|Month=11}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mcbean, Eleanor}}</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Conspiracy_theory&diff=911Conspiracy theory2011-02-23T08:55:14Z<p>Pamela: /* Psiram-articles in other languages */</p>
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<div>[[image:Conspiracy.jpg|350px|thumb]]<br />
A '''conspiracy theory''' is the attempt to explain certain events, conditions or developments by a conspiracy, i.e. the goal-oriented, secret actions of a group of people towards an illegal or illegitimate purpose. Often the term conspiracy theory is used in a degrading or defaming manner regarding opinions which are seen as unfounded, irrational, remote, paranoid or ideologically closed. On the other hand it is often used by supporters of irrational convictions as the easiest explanation of their failures. [[Ryke Geerd Hamer]] ([[Germanic New Medicine]]) for example claims the existence of a world wide Jewish conspiracy aimed at keeping their alleged knowledge hidden from non-Jews.<br />
<br />
Conspiracy theories are eagerly applied because they typically form self-contained systems of arguments. These are composed in a way which makes it hard to refute them (falsifiability). In the eyes of supporters of a conspiracy theory, non-believers are either part of the conspiracy, or simply not aware enough.<br />
<br />
Conspiracy theories often contradict each other and can sometimes be refuted that way, or at least have some doubts cast on them.<br />
<br />
Typical characteristcs of a conspiracy theory are:<ref>http://www.scienceblogs.de/zoonpolitikon/2009/11/checkliste-verschworungstheorien.php</ref><br />
<br />
# There is an alleged elite behind the conspiracy, people with alleged or real power (e.g. in politics, science or economy). These can be secret societies operating in the background, or people officially occupying the corridors of power. This elite, and this is usually a fundamental issue, conceal their true motives and purposely deceive the public regarding their intentions. The brave conspiracy theorist Davids are fighting against powerful Goliath.<br />
# Supporters of a conspiracy theory are members of a small minority who know the truth. Only they clearly see what should be obvious to everyone. But the small group of those who have seen through the conspiracy knows what is coming, and wants to warn everyone else. Often these small groups believe their movement is growing constantly.<br />
# Questions are raised without actually wanting to receive answers. Usually these questions are counterfactual, making it difficult to unmask them. They are rhetorical in nature, even though they appear as legitimate questions. Even an in-depth answer to such a question does not stop conspiracy theorists from asking it over and over again.<br />
# Conspiracy theorists have their own answers ready, the conspiracy theory, of course. At a closer look, however, they usually rely on numerous additional assumptions and implausible premises.<br />
# Even facts which are objectively wrong will repeatedly be used in discussions. This works, as supporters of such theories are not interested in discerning the plausibility of arguments, but rather mean to confirm their preconceived opinions. Instead, they construct their arguments to match the results intended.<br />
# Counter arguments will rarely be addressed since the central point is the confirmation of their conspiracy theory. There is no evaluation of pros and cons; claims are never tested for plausibility. The thesis justifies the arguments.<br />
# Often the biggest contradiction of a conspiracy theory lies in the need for secrecy which is a central tenet of the conspiracy theory in itself. On the one hand, conspirators allegedly manage to keep huge operations secret, contrary to common experience, while at the same time they commit gross errors which will only be perceived by conspiracy theorists.<br />
# A reality check never happens. They may move on to the next idea, but the flavour of the month theory is never evaluated. Thus the end of all times, the total enslavement, poisoning or control of all humanity is predicted time and again, without any of the predictions ever actually happening.<br />
<br />
==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Verschw%C3%B6rungstheorie Verschwörungstheorie]<br />
<br />
==Literature==<br />
*Wilson, Robert Anton(1998). ''Everything is under control''. Harper Paperbacks<br />
<br />
==Weblinks==<br />
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conspiracy_theory Wikipedia on the issue]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[category:Conspiracy Theory]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Magniwork&diff=910Magniwork2011-02-23T08:54:54Z<p>Pamela: /* Psiram-articles in other languages */</p>
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<div>The US company '''Magniwork Inc.''' sells nonworking plans of a "magnetic generator" since early 2009 which allegedly creates energy to power the entire house out out nowhere. An energy source like oil, wind or sunlight is not required. They claim that a conspiracy of the big energy producing company keeps the general public from knowing about this technology. The plans of the alleged generator are distributed by a large number of websites and advertised using Google Adwords, Magniwork offers commisions for resellers.<br />
<br />
However, it turns out that the device on the plans is nothing more than a so called Bedini circuit. This kind of [[Perpetuum Motion]] device was invented by the hustler [[John Bedini]] from Idaho(USA). Since a Perpetuum Motion device can never work according to the laws of thermodynamics<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamics Laws of Thermodynamics in Wikipedia]</ref> the claims are basically a scam.<br />
<br />
Magniwork claims to have a 60-Days-Full-Money-Back-Guarantee, but ignores actual requests by customers to return the money<ref>http://www.nlcpr.com/Deceptions8.php</ref><br />
<br />
After several websites started to warn about the Magniwork Scam, a number of alternative sites with different names like magnets4energy or magnet4power have appeared.<ref>http://magnets4energy.com/</ref><ref>http://www.nlcpr.com/Deceptions12.php</ref><br />
<br />
The company "Magniwork Inc." has neither an address nor is it possible to determine the owners of the site. The website is registered anonymously and the domainholder is hidden. Payment for the worthless plans is handled through a company called Click Sales inc ("Clickbank") in Boise(Idaho).<ref>Click Sales Inc., 917&nbsp;S.&nbsp;Lusk&nbsp;Street, Suite&nbsp;200, Boise&nbsp;ID&nbsp;83706&nbsp;USA</ref><br />
<br />
Rumors in the internet claim that a shady East European scientist and entrepreneur known as Igor Dobreski and his accomplice Vojdan Vrcakovski are the fraudsters behind Magniwork.<ref>http://www.off-grid.net/2009/10/12/magniwork-scammers-unmasked/</ref><br />
<br />
==The Plans==<br />
[[image:Ro-Mag.jpg|The "incredible" Magniwork-Generator|right|thumb]]<br />
The plans can be ordered for 49&nbsp;$ through several websites<ref>http://www.magniwork.com</ref><ref>http://magniworkplans.com/</ref><ref>http://magniwork-review.net</ref><ref>http://magniwork-pro.com/</ref> (and more), and claim to allow the customer to build his own energy generator. After ordering the customer gets a 57&nbsp;pages document, which contains a number of spelling errors. A thorough examination shows that the plans are based on the [[Perpetuum Motion]] designs of [[John Bedini]] and were copied without changes from the website of Jean-Louis Naudin<ref>jnaudin.free.fr/html/mromag.htm</ref>.<br />
<br />
The assembly instructions are difficult to follow and do not show how the device is set in motion. The rest of the document shows conventional tips for saving energy, which can be found on numerous websites and several books.<br />
<br />
Magniwork claims that the device produces 24,5&nbsp;Watt, which is (even if it did work) not sufficient to even power a single light bulb.<ref>http://blog.mapawatt.com/2009/07/21/magniwork_perpetual_motion_scam/</ref><br />
<br />
==Functional Principle==<br />
As functional principle a senseless pseudoscientific explanation is given:<br />
<br />
:''This power source is not predicated on a continuous flow of energy but predicated on the consistency of the transmutation process of the magnetic molecular structures within the Earth’s pressure flow.''<br />
<br />
==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Magniwork Magniwork]<br />
<br />
==Quellennachweise==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[category:Free Energy]]<br />
[[category:Scam]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Kiesha_Crowther&diff=909Kiesha Crowther2011-02-23T08:54:33Z<p>Pamela: /* Psiram-articles in other languages */</p>
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<div>Kiesha Crowther (b. 1978), aka ''Little Grandmother'' is an artist and poet from Sanford, Colorado<ref>http://www.artwanted.com/artist.cfm?ArtID=22948&Tab=Bio</ref> who claims to be of Native American descent<ref>http://www.littlegrandmother.net</ref>. Her website states she was initiated as shaman at the age of 30 by a Native American elder and that she is a Wisdom Keeper of the ''tribe of many colors''. However, the details of this story change over time and are adapted to what is exposed<ref>http://www.newagefraud.org/smf/index.php?topic=2871.780</ref>. She also performs indigenous ceremonies for cash for a mostly white and European audience, which is similar to asking money for a mass. Further, she engages in the [[2012]] hype and other New-Age esoterics. Background checks revealed neither she nor any of her ancestors are known in the Salish community where she claims to have her roots. She even suggests in one video that she is the reincarnated White Buffalo Calf Woman of Lakota spirituality, a claim sure to outrage the Lakota nation who hold the prophecy sacred.<br />
Her actions and claims are not welcome to the Native American community. The Salish Elders issued a statement as follows:<br />
<pre><br />
"The Culture and Elders Committee of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of<br />
the Flathead Reservation protect the intangible cultural resources of the tribes<br />
including language, songs, stories etc.<br />
<br />
No tribal Elders or elders have met with nor do they condone the claims and actions made by<br />
Kiesha Crowther.<br />
<br />
She is not their 'shaman', she has no right to claim this title and the Elders and elders<br />
of CSKT of the Flathead Reservation would like her to cease and desist immediately from making<br />
such false claims that erode the traditions that members of the CSKT Culture and Elders<br />
Committee are trying to preserve.<br />
<br />
The posting of this statement came with the permission and urging of the Salish elders.<br />
Anyone doubting this message's authenticity can contact the Flathead Reservation:<br />
http://www.cskt.org/about/contactus.htm"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
As a poet, Mrs. Crowther claims to have been awarded the title of Poet of the Year in 2003, 2004, and 2005 in separate cities. The “awards” are given out by the International Society of Poets, a pay to publish outfit that will include you in vanity editions for twenty five dollars each.<br />
Further, her website claims she has a veterinary degree. However, this degree comes from an online [[title mill]].<ref>http://www.indiancountrytoday.com/yourict/113392914.html</ref><ref>http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2011/01/11/18668858.php</ref><br />
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==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Kiesha_Crowther Kiesha Crowther]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/></div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=G._Edward_Griffin&diff=908G. Edward Griffin2011-02-23T08:53:23Z<p>Pamela: /* Psiram-articles in other languages */</p>
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<div>[[image:Edwardgriffin.jpg|thumb]]<br />
'''G. Edward Griffin''' (born Nov. 7th 1931) is an American author and film maker. Griffin spreads several [[conspiracy theory|conspiracy theories]] concerning health and politics. He is the founder of „Freedom Force International“ and „Cancer Cure Foundation“.<br />
<br />
Griffin advertises the dubious [[CAM]] methods without proof of efficacy [[Krebiozen]] and [[Amygdalin]]. In 1988 he believed to have found the Arche Noah using Radar near the Ararat, which endeared him to [[Creationism|Creationists]]. However, after repeating the measurement later, nothing was found.<ref>Collins, Lorence D., and Fasold, David (1996). "Bogus 'Noah's Ark' from Turkey Exposed as a Common Geologic Structure". Journal of Geoscience Education 44 (4): 439–444. [http://www.csun.edu/~vcgeo005/bogus.html]</ref><br />
<br />
Griffin also supports the refuted [[Hunza]] myth, claiming these pakistani mountain people would not suffer of cancer. Further claims are that they reach a higher age compared to north americans of up to 120 years.<ref>Griffin E: Eine Welt ohne Krebs, Kopp Verlag, Seite 73</ref><br />
<br />
Note: G. Edward Griffin is not to be mixed up with [[Des Griffin]] or [[David Ray Griffin]].<br />
<br />
==Conspiracy theories==<br />
[[image:gegriffinrusso.jpg|Griffin und [[Aaron Russo]]|thumb]]<br />
Griffin believes that voting machines are used to manipulate elections and tries to have them replaced with ballots.<br />
<br />
Griffin supports unconventional cancer therapies and the „Cancer Cure Foundation“. The layman Griffin supports in pseudoscientific publications in particular the ineffective [[Amygdalin]] (erroneously called vitamin&nbsp;B17 by him) as treatment for cancer. His website links to suppliers of this unapproved agent. According to Griffin cancer is caused by a lack of Amygdalin. He claims this agent is ''suppressed'', which goes back to the activities of John&nbsp;D. Rockefeller. Certain world-wide high ranking persons would interfere with medical science, and are claimed to be responsible for the negative test results regarding Amygdalin. An article in ''American Journal of Public Health'' refuted this as conspiracy theory. A book by Griffin titled ''A world without cancer'' was pulled to pieces<ref>http://www.ajph.org/cgi/reprint/66/7/696-a.pdf</ref>. Griffin resorted to anecdotes of miracle healings instead of verifiable facts.<br />
<br />
==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=G._Edward_Griffin G. Edward Griffin]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Griffin, G. Edward}}<br />
[[category:Author]]<br />
[[category:Conspiracy theories]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Pseudomedicine&diff=907Pseudomedicine2011-02-23T08:53:07Z<p>Pamela: /* Psiram-articles in other languages */</p>
<hr />
<div>''Pseudo'' means: ''fake'', ''sham'', ''spurious'' [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pseudo?show=0&t=1283620895] Hence, pseudo medicine refers to medical treatments that claim to be scientific or are made to appear scientific, but are not based on any appropriate scientific methodology, lack supporting evidence or plausibility, or otherwise lack scientific status.<br />
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==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Pseudomedizin Pseudomedinzin]<br />
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[[category:Pseudomedicine]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Matthias_Rath&diff=906Matthias Rath2011-02-23T08:52:50Z<p>Pamela: /* Psiram-articles in other languages */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Matthias Rath''' (born 1955 in Stuttgart / Germany) is a controversial German physician, businessman, vitamin entrepreneur and politician. He is the inventor of an [[alternative medicine]], the so called ""cellular medicine" (in German: Zellularmedizin) which according to Rath allegedly "heals" severe deseases like AIDS or cancer. This doctrine can been seen as an interpretation of [[orthomolecular medicine]] (OM).<br />
<br />
Rath runs the "Dr. Rath Health Foundation" which was closely associated with "Health Now" Inc., and he also founded a "Dr. Rath Research Institute". In Europe, his products are sold from The Netherlands.<br />
<br />
==The case Dominik Feld==<br />
<br />
==Matthias Rath and AIDS==<br />
<br />
==Rath as politician==<br />
<br />
==Legal cases==<br />
<br />
==Versions of this article in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Matthias_Rath Matthis Rath]<br />
<br />
==Weblinks==<br />
*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthias_Rath<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rath, Matthias}}<br />
[[category:physician]]<br />
[[category:pseudomedic]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Night_Milk_Crystals&diff=905Night Milk Crystals2011-02-23T08:51:07Z<p>Pamela: /* Literature */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[image:Nachtmilchkristalle.jpg|(picture: Milchkristalle GmbH, Munich)|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Nachtmilch.jpg|product "Nachtmilch" (''night milk'', picture: former Swiss "Project Nachtmilch")|thumb]]<br />
'''Night Milk Crystals''' is a dried milk product sold by a Munich based company. This product falls into the classification of food products.<ref>http://www.nacht-milchkristalle.de/index.php?page=content&coID=51 (PZN 7525421)</ref> It is made by milking cows at nighttime. According to the manufacturers' assertions, night milk crystals contain a high concentration of the hormone melatonin, and therefore are said to have sleep-inducing effects. One portion of these crystals contains 9&nbsp;grams of milk powder and is sold at a retail price of 1.55&nbsp;Euros. Manufacturers are Milchkristalle GmbH in Munich<ref>Milchkristalle GmbH, Occamstraße&nbsp;9, 80802&nbsp;München</ref>, owned and operated by Tony Gnann - a German businessman - who holds a patent on the production process.<ref>http://www.patent-de.com/20070614/DE102005059518A1.html</ref><br />
<br />
==Preparation==<br />
Cows are kept under artificial light conditions during daytime and under a soft red and yellow light during nighttime. They are milked between 2&nbsp;and 4&nbsp;a.m. when the melatonin content is supposedly highest. In a process called freeze drying, the drawn milk is then turned into a crystalline powder under vacuum conditions.<br />
<br />
==Assertions and Studies==<br />
In order to back the claims made regarding this product, manufacturers point to a small sized study of the Bavarian "Innovationsförderung Weihenstefan".<ref>Heiko Dustmann, Horst Weißsieker, Ralf Wetendorf: ''Wirksamkeit eines Milchprodukts mit nativ erhöhtem Melatoningehalt'', article in "Der Lebensmittelbrief" - Innovationsberatung Weihenstephan.[http://www.wirksamkeitsstudie.de.tf]</ref> In this study, the authors indicate a melatonin concentration of 110&nbsp;pg/g for this product. In comparison, ordinary milk powder contains 15&nbsp;pg/g. Over a period of ten days, test subjects (humans) ingested 10&nbsp;grams of the product on every day (thus 1.1&nbsp;ng melatonin per day) which was mixed with an unknown quantity of ordinary milk.<br />
<br />
The content of melatonin contained in ''night milk crystals'' is extremely low. In order to obtain the same effect as with an approved medication containing 2&nbsp;milligrams (mg) of melatonin, the consumer would have to ingest around 2&nbsp;million portions of the crystal powder at a total cost of approx. 3.1&nbsp;million Euros. Melatonin, however, is not considered a sleep inducing medication and cannot be obtained as such in a German pharmacy.<ref>http://gutepillen-schlechtepillen.de/pages/archiv/jahrgang-2010/nr.-3-maijuni-2010/aufgespiesst-ndash-aus-internet-und-werbung-melatonin-haltige-nachtmilchkristalle.php</ref><br />
<br />
In 2004, the veterinary institute of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University in Munich examined "night milk" in another study.<ref>Wöhr, A.C., Birkle J., Unshelm J., Erhard M.H. ''MELATONIN IN `NIGHT MILK´ AND THE USE AS FUNCTIONAL FOOD'', 23rd World Buiatrics Congress, Quebec City, Canada, Juli 2004</ref> The Munich researcher detected that milk drawn from cows at night contained 18.7&nbsp;pg/ml melatonin. During daytime milking, only 1.9&nbsp;pg/ml melatonin were detected. High variation within the population was noticed. In a feeding experiment with night milk and ordinary milk given to calves, no effects on their circadian rhythm nor on the plasma concentration became evident. Therefore, authors concluded, night milk has no effect as a pacemaker (melatonin acts as a pacemaker and has a so called Zeitgeber function). The melatonin signal forms part of the system which regulates the sleep-wake cycle. It is the central nervous system (more specifically, the SCN, supra chiasmatic nuclei) which controls the daily cycle in most components of the paracrine and endocrine systems rather than the melatonin signal (as postulated earlier).<br />
<br />
No food has been found so far to elevate plasma melatonin levels in humans.<ref>Coates, Paul M. (2005). "Encyclopedia of Dietary Supplements". Marc R. Blackman, Gordon M. Cragg, Mark Levine, Joel Moss, Jeffrey D. White. CRC Press. pp. 457–466. ISBN 0824755049</ref><br />
<br />
==Night Milk==<br />
Besides processing, marketing and retailing night milk crystals, night milk itself was and is offered as a food product on the market. In Switzerland, Zurich canton health officials prohibited the provider "Harvestmoon" to claim their product "Nachtmilch" (night milk) contained five times more melatonin than ordinary milk.<br />
Harvestmoon accepted the interdiction and stopped retail and production. In Finland and Great Britain, night milk seems to be available.<br />
<br />
==Literature==<br />
*''Nachtmilchkristalle gegen Schlaflosigkeit sind Unsinn'', article in "Deutsches Ärzteblatt", June&nbsp;17 2010<br />
*Heiko Dustmann, Horst Weißsieker, Ralf Wetendorf: ''Wirksamkeit eines Milchprodukts mit nativ erhöhtem Melatoningehalt'', article in "Der Lebensmittelbrief" - Innovationsberatung Weihenstephan.[http://www.wirksamkeitsstudie.de.tf]<br />
*Wöhr, A.C., Birkle J., Unshelm J., Erhard M.H. ''MELATONIN IN `NIGHT MILK´ AND THE USE AS FUNCTIONAL FOOD'', 23rd World Buiatrics Congress, Quebec City, Canada, July&nbsp;2004<br />
*COMED, June&nbsp;1 2010<br />
<br />
==Psiram-articles in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Nachtmilchkristalle Nachtmilchkristalle]<br />
<br />
==Weblinks in English==<br />
*[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/oct/18/nocturnal-milk-night-insomnia-sleep article in "The Guardian", October&nbsp;19, 2010]<br />
* http://www.thelocal.de/sci-tech/20101017-30549.html<br />
<br />
==Weblinks in German==<br />
*http://gutepillen-schlechtepillen.de/pages/archiv/jahrgang-2010/nr.-3-maijuni-2010/aufgespiesst-ndash-aus-internet-und-werbung-melatonin-haltige-nachtmilchkristalle.php<br />
*http://www.aerzteblatt.de/nachrichten/41634/Nachtmilchkristalle_gegen_Schlaflosigkeit_sind_Unsinn.htm<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[category:food]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Night_Milk_Crystals&diff=904Night Milk Crystals2011-02-23T08:50:45Z<p>Pamela: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[image:Nachtmilchkristalle.jpg|(picture: Milchkristalle GmbH, Munich)|thumb]]<br />
[[image:Nachtmilch.jpg|product "Nachtmilch" (''night milk'', picture: former Swiss "Project Nachtmilch")|thumb]]<br />
'''Night Milk Crystals''' is a dried milk product sold by a Munich based company. This product falls into the classification of food products.<ref>http://www.nacht-milchkristalle.de/index.php?page=content&coID=51 (PZN 7525421)</ref> It is made by milking cows at nighttime. According to the manufacturers' assertions, night milk crystals contain a high concentration of the hormone melatonin, and therefore are said to have sleep-inducing effects. One portion of these crystals contains 9&nbsp;grams of milk powder and is sold at a retail price of 1.55&nbsp;Euros. Manufacturers are Milchkristalle GmbH in Munich<ref>Milchkristalle GmbH, Occamstraße&nbsp;9, 80802&nbsp;München</ref>, owned and operated by Tony Gnann - a German businessman - who holds a patent on the production process.<ref>http://www.patent-de.com/20070614/DE102005059518A1.html</ref><br />
<br />
==Preparation==<br />
Cows are kept under artificial light conditions during daytime and under a soft red and yellow light during nighttime. They are milked between 2&nbsp;and 4&nbsp;a.m. when the melatonin content is supposedly highest. In a process called freeze drying, the drawn milk is then turned into a crystalline powder under vacuum conditions.<br />
<br />
==Assertions and Studies==<br />
In order to back the claims made regarding this product, manufacturers point to a small sized study of the Bavarian "Innovationsförderung Weihenstefan".<ref>Heiko Dustmann, Horst Weißsieker, Ralf Wetendorf: ''Wirksamkeit eines Milchprodukts mit nativ erhöhtem Melatoningehalt'', article in "Der Lebensmittelbrief" - Innovationsberatung Weihenstephan.[http://www.wirksamkeitsstudie.de.tf]</ref> In this study, the authors indicate a melatonin concentration of 110&nbsp;pg/g for this product. In comparison, ordinary milk powder contains 15&nbsp;pg/g. Over a period of ten days, test subjects (humans) ingested 10&nbsp;grams of the product on every day (thus 1.1&nbsp;ng melatonin per day) which was mixed with an unknown quantity of ordinary milk.<br />
<br />
The content of melatonin contained in ''night milk crystals'' is extremely low. In order to obtain the same effect as with an approved medication containing 2&nbsp;milligrams (mg) of melatonin, the consumer would have to ingest around 2&nbsp;million portions of the crystal powder at a total cost of approx. 3.1&nbsp;million Euros. Melatonin, however, is not considered a sleep inducing medication and cannot be obtained as such in a German pharmacy.<ref>http://gutepillen-schlechtepillen.de/pages/archiv/jahrgang-2010/nr.-3-maijuni-2010/aufgespiesst-ndash-aus-internet-und-werbung-melatonin-haltige-nachtmilchkristalle.php</ref><br />
<br />
In 2004, the veterinary institute of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University in Munich examined "night milk" in another study.<ref>Wöhr, A.C., Birkle J., Unshelm J., Erhard M.H. ''MELATONIN IN `NIGHT MILK´ AND THE USE AS FUNCTIONAL FOOD'', 23rd World Buiatrics Congress, Quebec City, Canada, Juli 2004</ref> The Munich researcher detected that milk drawn from cows at night contained 18.7&nbsp;pg/ml melatonin. During daytime milking, only 1.9&nbsp;pg/ml melatonin were detected. High variation within the population was noticed. In a feeding experiment with night milk and ordinary milk given to calves, no effects on their circadian rhythm nor on the plasma concentration became evident. Therefore, authors concluded, night milk has no effect as a pacemaker (melatonin acts as a pacemaker and has a so called Zeitgeber function). The melatonin signal forms part of the system which regulates the sleep-wake cycle. It is the central nervous system (more specifically, the SCN, supra chiasmatic nuclei) which controls the daily cycle in most components of the paracrine and endocrine systems rather than the melatonin signal (as postulated earlier).<br />
<br />
No food has been found so far to elevate plasma melatonin levels in humans.<ref>Coates, Paul M. (2005). "Encyclopedia of Dietary Supplements". Marc R. Blackman, Gordon M. Cragg, Mark Levine, Joel Moss, Jeffrey D. White. CRC Press. pp. 457–466. ISBN 0824755049</ref><br />
<br />
==Night Milk==<br />
Besides processing, marketing and retailing night milk crystals, night milk itself was and is offered as a food product on the market. In Switzerland, Zurich canton health officials prohibited the provider "Harvestmoon" to claim their product "Nachtmilch" (night milk) contained five times more melatonin than ordinary milk.<br />
Harvestmoon accepted the interdiction and stopped retail and production. In Finland and Great Britain, night milk seems to be available.<br />
<br />
==Literature==<br />
*''Nachtmilchkristalle gegen Schlaflosigkeit sind Unsinn'', article in "Deutsches Ärzteblatt", June&nbsp;17 2010<br />
*Heiko Dustmann, Horst Weißsieker, Ralf Wetendorf: ''Wirksamkeit eines Milchprodukts mit nativ erhöhtem Melatoningehalt'', article in "Der Lebensmittelbrief" - Innovationsberatung Weihenstephan.[http://www.wirksamkeitsstudie.de.tf]<br />
*Wöhr, A.C., Birkle J., Unshelm J., Erhard M.H. ''MELATONIN IN `NIGHT MILK´ AND THE USE AS FUNCTIONAL FOOD'', 23rd World Buiatrics Congress, Quebec City, Canada, July&nbsp;2004<br />
*COMED, June&nbsp;1 2010<br />
<br />
==Psiram-articles in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Nachtmilchkristalle Nachtmilchkristalle]<br />
<br />
<br />
==Weblinks in English==<br />
*[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/oct/18/nocturnal-milk-night-insomnia-sleep article in "The Guardian", October&nbsp;19, 2010]<br />
* http://www.thelocal.de/sci-tech/20101017-30549.html<br />
<br />
==Weblinks in German==<br />
*http://gutepillen-schlechtepillen.de/pages/archiv/jahrgang-2010/nr.-3-maijuni-2010/aufgespiesst-ndash-aus-internet-und-werbung-melatonin-haltige-nachtmilchkristalle.php<br />
*http://www.aerzteblatt.de/nachrichten/41634/Nachtmilchkristalle_gegen_Schlaflosigkeit_sind_Unsinn.htm<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[category:food]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Eleanor_McBean&diff=903Eleanor McBean2011-02-23T08:47:43Z<p>Pamela: /* Publications */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Eleanor McBean''' (also Eleanora McBean and pseudonym ''Elben''; September 12, 1905, California, USA - June 6, 1989, Los Angeles, California, USA) was an outspoken American anti-vaccinist and author of several anti-vaccinist publications. McBean's layperson's perspective on health and medical topics can only be considered non-professional as her description of a vaccination as an "infusion of poison injected into the blood stream" in the preface to her book "The Poisoned Needle" demonstrates (ibid. p.&nbsp;5).<br />
<br />
==Writings==<br />
In her writings, McBean postulates the existence of a causal connection between the small pox vaccination according to Jenner and the death of a patient due to an infection with tuberculosis: ''"[...] was declared immune to smallpox but he too, died of tuberculosis at the age of 20."'' McBean also views cancer as a result of previous vaccination.<br />
<br />
According to McBean, the Spanish Flu Epidemic of 1918 was caused by vaccinations as well as subsequently administered medications which only extended the duration of infections. She meant to prove this with the cotention that she survived the Spanish Flu as a child because she and her family did not receive any of the vaccinations in circulation at that time. However, no vaccine against influenza existed in 1918 and the cause of influenza was still unidentified. It was not known that a virus was the pathogenic agent. Andrewes, Smith and Laidlaw of the National Institute for Medical Research were able to determine the cause in 1933, while the first vaccine became available in 1944/45. McBean states the Spanish Flu was not an influenza but was rather caused by reciprocal effects of the 25 vaccines given out to soldiers. She also claims the disease was further spread into the general population when vaccines were left over at the end of the war, and the need to use the stocks lead to the creation of further areas of application. She reports people were told they would be infected with diseases like typhoid, diphtheria, and small pox by returning soldiers. McBean fails to mention, however, which vaccines were responsible and how she manages to arrive at a total of 25 vaccines given the few available immmunizations.<br />
<br />
McBean explains: ''All the doctors and people who were living at the time of the 1918 Spanish Influenza epidemic say it was the most terrible disease the world has ever had. [...] The disease had the characteristics of the black death added to typhoid, diphtheria, pneumonia, smallpox, paralysis and all the diseases the people had been vaccinated with immediately following World War 1. Practically the entire population had been injected — "seeded" with a dozen or more diseases — or toxic serums. [...] As far as I could find out, the flu hit only the vaccinated. Those who had refused the shots escaped the flu. My family had refused all the vaccinations so we remained well all the time. [...] It has been said that the 1918 flu epidemic killed 20,000,000 people throughout the world. But, actually, the doctors killed them with their crude and deadly treatments and drugs.<ref>Elben, "Vaccination Condemned", Chapter 2.</ref><br />
<br />
==Known Adresses==<br />
*1950: Eleanor McBean, 447 Crane Blvd, Los Angeles 65<br />
*1960: Eleanor McBean, Box 55278, Los Angeles<br />
<br />
==Quotes<sub><ref>Mc Bean, E. "The Poisoned Needle"</ref></sub>==<br />
<br />
*Regarding Antibodies:<br />
<br />
:''These elusive little nothings have fooled the people and served the uses of doctors but have vanished into theory when subjected to the clear light of scientific investigation.''<br />
<br />
:''These mythical anti-bodies are said to make war on disease germs. But germs are not the cause of disease in the first place and are useful wherever they are found in nature [...]''<br />
<br />
*About Diseases<br />
<br />
:''Disease is not something to be cured; it is a cure.''<br />
<br />
:''These diseases [measles, chicken-pox, mumps, scarlet fever] are not contagious but are merely cleansing measures of the body[...]''<br />
<br />
==Publications==<br />
*1981 Vaccination Condemned by Elben (Eleanor McBean)<br />
*1977 Vaccination, The Silent Killer with Ida Honorof<br />
*1962 Answers For The Worried Smoker by Eleanor McBean<br />
*1977 Swine Flu Expose by Eleanora McBean, Ph.D., N.D. ISBN 0-7873-1401-3<br />
*1957 The Poisoned Needle by Eleanor McBean ISBN 0-7873-0594-4<br />
*1957 The Hidden Dangers In Polio Vaccine (Chapter 10 of Poisoned Needle)<br />
<br />
==Psiram-articles in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Eleanor_McBean Eleanor McBean]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[category:Anti-vaccinationist]]<br />
[[category:Author]]<br />
{{Wikipedia|Wikititle=Eleanor_McBean|Year=2010|Month=11}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mcbean, Eleanor}}</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Conspiracy_theory&diff=902Conspiracy theory2011-02-23T08:45:41Z<p>Pamela: /* Literature */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[image:Conspiracy.jpg|350px|thumb]]<br />
A '''conspiracy theory''' is the attempt to explain certain events, conditions or developments by a conspiracy, i.e. the goal-oriented, secret actions of a group of people towards an illegal or illegitimate purpose. Often the term conspiracy theory is used in a degrading or defaming manner regarding opinions which are seen as unfounded, irrational, remote, paranoid or ideologically closed. On the other hand it is often used by supporters of irrational convictions as the easiest explanation of their failures. [[Ryke Geerd Hamer]] ([[Germanic New Medicine]]) for example claims the existence of a world wide Jewish conspiracy aimed at keeping their alleged knowledge hidden from non-Jews.<br />
<br />
Conspiracy theories are eagerly applied because they typically form self-contained systems of arguments. These are composed in a way which makes it hard to refute them (falsifiability). In the eyes of supporters of a conspiracy theory, non-believers are either part of the conspiracy, or simply not aware enough.<br />
<br />
Conspiracy theories often contradict each other and can sometimes be refuted that way, or at least have some doubts cast on them.<br />
<br />
Typical characteristcs of a conspiracy theory are:<ref>http://www.scienceblogs.de/zoonpolitikon/2009/11/checkliste-verschworungstheorien.php</ref><br />
<br />
# There is an alleged elite behind the conspiracy, people with alleged or real power (e.g. in politics, science or economy). These can be secret societies operating in the background, or people officially occupying the corridors of power. This elite, and this is usually a fundamental issue, conceal their true motives and purposely deceive the public regarding their intentions. The brave conspiracy theorist Davids are fighting against powerful Goliath.<br />
# Supporters of a conspiracy theory are members of a small minority who know the truth. Only they clearly see what should be obvious to everyone. But the small group of those who have seen through the conspiracy knows what is coming, and wants to warn everyone else. Often these small groups believe their movement is growing constantly.<br />
# Questions are raised without actually wanting to receive answers. Usually these questions are counterfactual, making it difficult to unmask them. They are rhetorical in nature, even though they appear as legitimate questions. Even an in-depth answer to such a question does not stop conspiracy theorists from asking it over and over again.<br />
# Conspiracy theorists have their own answers ready, the conspiracy theory, of course. At a closer look, however, they usually rely on numerous additional assumptions and implausible premises.<br />
# Even facts which are objectively wrong will repeatedly be used in discussions. This works, as supporters of such theories are not interested in discerning the plausibility of arguments, but rather mean to confirm their preconceived opinions. Instead, they construct their arguments to match the results intended.<br />
# Counter arguments will rarely be addressed since the central point is the confirmation of their conspiracy theory. There is no evaluation of pros and cons; claims are never tested for plausibility. The thesis justifies the arguments.<br />
# Often the biggest contradiction of a conspiracy theory lies in the need for secrecy which is a central tenet of the conspiracy theory in itself. On the one hand, conspirators allegedly manage to keep huge operations secret, contrary to common experience, while at the same time they commit gross errors which will only be perceived by conspiracy theorists.<br />
# A reality check never happens. They may move on to the next idea, but the flavour of the month theory is never evaluated. Thus the end of all times, the total enslavement, poisoning or control of all humanity is predicted time and again, without any of the predictions ever actually happening.<br />
<br />
==Psiram-articles in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Verschw%C3%B6rungstheorie Verschwörungstheorie]<br />
<br />
==Literature==<br />
*Wilson, Robert Anton(1998). ''Everything is under control''. Harper Paperbacks<br />
<br />
==Weblinks==<br />
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conspiracy_theory Wikipedia on the issue]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[category:Conspiracy Theory]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Magniwork&diff=901Magniwork2011-02-23T08:43:38Z<p>Pamela: /* Functional Principle */</p>
<hr />
<div>The US company '''Magniwork Inc.''' sells nonworking plans of a "magnetic generator" since early 2009 which allegedly creates energy to power the entire house out out nowhere. An energy source like oil, wind or sunlight is not required. They claim that a conspiracy of the big energy producing company keeps the general public from knowing about this technology. The plans of the alleged generator are distributed by a large number of websites and advertised using Google Adwords, Magniwork offers commisions for resellers.<br />
<br />
However, it turns out that the device on the plans is nothing more than a so called Bedini circuit. This kind of [[Perpetuum Motion]] device was invented by the hustler [[John Bedini]] from Idaho(USA). Since a Perpetuum Motion device can never work according to the laws of thermodynamics<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamics Laws of Thermodynamics in Wikipedia]</ref> the claims are basically a scam.<br />
<br />
Magniwork claims to have a 60-Days-Full-Money-Back-Guarantee, but ignores actual requests by customers to return the money<ref>http://www.nlcpr.com/Deceptions8.php</ref><br />
<br />
After several websites started to warn about the Magniwork Scam, a number of alternative sites with different names like magnets4energy or magnet4power have appeared.<ref>http://magnets4energy.com/</ref><ref>http://www.nlcpr.com/Deceptions12.php</ref><br />
<br />
The company "Magniwork Inc." has neither an address nor is it possible to determine the owners of the site. The website is registered anonymously and the domainholder is hidden. Payment for the worthless plans is handled through a company called Click Sales inc ("Clickbank") in Boise(Idaho).<ref>Click Sales Inc., 917&nbsp;S.&nbsp;Lusk&nbsp;Street, Suite&nbsp;200, Boise&nbsp;ID&nbsp;83706&nbsp;USA</ref><br />
<br />
Rumors in the internet claim that a shady East European scientist and entrepreneur known as Igor Dobreski and his accomplice Vojdan Vrcakovski are the fraudsters behind Magniwork.<ref>http://www.off-grid.net/2009/10/12/magniwork-scammers-unmasked/</ref><br />
<br />
==The Plans==<br />
[[image:Ro-Mag.jpg|The "incredible" Magniwork-Generator|right|thumb]]<br />
The plans can be ordered for 49&nbsp;$ through several websites<ref>http://www.magniwork.com</ref><ref>http://magniworkplans.com/</ref><ref>http://magniwork-review.net</ref><ref>http://magniwork-pro.com/</ref> (and more), and claim to allow the customer to build his own energy generator. After ordering the customer gets a 57&nbsp;pages document, which contains a number of spelling errors. A thorough examination shows that the plans are based on the [[Perpetuum Motion]] designs of [[John Bedini]] and were copied without changes from the website of Jean-Louis Naudin<ref>jnaudin.free.fr/html/mromag.htm</ref>.<br />
<br />
The assembly instructions are difficult to follow and do not show how the device is set in motion. The rest of the document shows conventional tips for saving energy, which can be found on numerous websites and several books.<br />
<br />
Magniwork claims that the device produces 24,5&nbsp;Watt, which is (even if it did work) not sufficient to even power a single light bulb.<ref>http://blog.mapawatt.com/2009/07/21/magniwork_perpetual_motion_scam/</ref><br />
<br />
==Functional Principle==<br />
As functional principle a senseless pseudoscientific explanation is given:<br />
<br />
:''This power source is not predicated on a continuous flow of energy but predicated on the consistency of the transmutation process of the magnetic molecular structures within the Earth’s pressure flow.''<br />
<br />
==Psiram-articles in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Magniwork Magniwork]<br />
<br />
==Quellennachweise==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[category:Free Energy]]<br />
[[category:Scam]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Magniwork&diff=900Magniwork2011-02-23T08:43:23Z<p>Pamela: /* Functional Principle */</p>
<hr />
<div>The US company '''Magniwork Inc.''' sells nonworking plans of a "magnetic generator" since early 2009 which allegedly creates energy to power the entire house out out nowhere. An energy source like oil, wind or sunlight is not required. They claim that a conspiracy of the big energy producing company keeps the general public from knowing about this technology. The plans of the alleged generator are distributed by a large number of websites and advertised using Google Adwords, Magniwork offers commisions for resellers.<br />
<br />
However, it turns out that the device on the plans is nothing more than a so called Bedini circuit. This kind of [[Perpetuum Motion]] device was invented by the hustler [[John Bedini]] from Idaho(USA). Since a Perpetuum Motion device can never work according to the laws of thermodynamics<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamics Laws of Thermodynamics in Wikipedia]</ref> the claims are basically a scam.<br />
<br />
Magniwork claims to have a 60-Days-Full-Money-Back-Guarantee, but ignores actual requests by customers to return the money<ref>http://www.nlcpr.com/Deceptions8.php</ref><br />
<br />
After several websites started to warn about the Magniwork Scam, a number of alternative sites with different names like magnets4energy or magnet4power have appeared.<ref>http://magnets4energy.com/</ref><ref>http://www.nlcpr.com/Deceptions12.php</ref><br />
<br />
The company "Magniwork Inc." has neither an address nor is it possible to determine the owners of the site. The website is registered anonymously and the domainholder is hidden. Payment for the worthless plans is handled through a company called Click Sales inc ("Clickbank") in Boise(Idaho).<ref>Click Sales Inc., 917&nbsp;S.&nbsp;Lusk&nbsp;Street, Suite&nbsp;200, Boise&nbsp;ID&nbsp;83706&nbsp;USA</ref><br />
<br />
Rumors in the internet claim that a shady East European scientist and entrepreneur known as Igor Dobreski and his accomplice Vojdan Vrcakovski are the fraudsters behind Magniwork.<ref>http://www.off-grid.net/2009/10/12/magniwork-scammers-unmasked/</ref><br />
<br />
==The Plans==<br />
[[image:Ro-Mag.jpg|The "incredible" Magniwork-Generator|right|thumb]]<br />
The plans can be ordered for 49&nbsp;$ through several websites<ref>http://www.magniwork.com</ref><ref>http://magniworkplans.com/</ref><ref>http://magniwork-review.net</ref><ref>http://magniwork-pro.com/</ref> (and more), and claim to allow the customer to build his own energy generator. After ordering the customer gets a 57&nbsp;pages document, which contains a number of spelling errors. A thorough examination shows that the plans are based on the [[Perpetuum Motion]] designs of [[John Bedini]] and were copied without changes from the website of Jean-Louis Naudin<ref>jnaudin.free.fr/html/mromag.htm</ref>.<br />
<br />
The assembly instructions are difficult to follow and do not show how the device is set in motion. The rest of the document shows conventional tips for saving energy, which can be found on numerous websites and several books.<br />
<br />
Magniwork claims that the device produces 24,5&nbsp;Watt, which is (even if it did work) not sufficient to even power a single light bulb.<ref>http://blog.mapawatt.com/2009/07/21/magniwork_perpetual_motion_scam/</ref><br />
<br />
==Functional Principle==<br />
As functional principle a senseless pseudoscientific explanation is given:<br />
<br />
:''This power source is not predicated on a continuous flow of energy but predicated on the consistency of the transmutation process of the magnetic molecular structures within the Earth’s pressure flow.''<br />
<br />
==Psiram-articles in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Magniwork Magniwork]<br />
<br />
==Quellennachweise==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
[[category:Free Energy]]<br />
[[category:Scam]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Kiesha_Crowther&diff=899Kiesha Crowther2011-02-23T08:41:14Z<p>Pamela: </p>
<hr />
<div>Kiesha Crowther (b. 1978), aka ''Little Grandmother'' is an artist and poet from Sanford, Colorado<ref>http://www.artwanted.com/artist.cfm?ArtID=22948&Tab=Bio</ref> who claims to be of Native American descent<ref>http://www.littlegrandmother.net</ref>. Her website states she was initiated as shaman at the age of 30 by a Native American elder and that she is a Wisdom Keeper of the ''tribe of many colors''. However, the details of this story change over time and are adapted to what is exposed<ref>http://www.newagefraud.org/smf/index.php?topic=2871.780</ref>. She also performs indigenous ceremonies for cash for a mostly white and European audience, which is similar to asking money for a mass. Further, she engages in the [[2012]] hype and other New-Age esoterics. Background checks revealed neither she nor any of her ancestors are known in the Salish community where she claims to have her roots. She even suggests in one video that she is the reincarnated White Buffalo Calf Woman of Lakota spirituality, a claim sure to outrage the Lakota nation who hold the prophecy sacred.<br />
Her actions and claims are not welcome to the Native American community. The Salish Elders issued a statement as follows:<br />
<pre><br />
"The Culture and Elders Committee of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of<br />
the Flathead Reservation protect the intangible cultural resources of the tribes<br />
including language, songs, stories etc.<br />
<br />
No tribal Elders or elders have met with nor do they condone the claims and actions made by<br />
Kiesha Crowther.<br />
<br />
She is not their 'shaman', she has no right to claim this title and the Elders and elders<br />
of CSKT of the Flathead Reservation would like her to cease and desist immediately from making<br />
such false claims that erode the traditions that members of the CSKT Culture and Elders<br />
Committee are trying to preserve.<br />
<br />
The posting of this statement came with the permission and urging of the Salish elders.<br />
Anyone doubting this message's authenticity can contact the Flathead Reservation:<br />
http://www.cskt.org/about/contactus.htm"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
As a poet, Mrs. Crowther claims to have been awarded the title of Poet of the Year in 2003, 2004, and 2005 in separate cities. The “awards” are given out by the International Society of Poets, a pay to publish outfit that will include you in vanity editions for twenty five dollars each.<br />
Further, her website claims she has a veterinary degree. However, this degree comes from an online [[title mill]].<ref>http://www.indiancountrytoday.com/yourict/113392914.html</ref><ref>http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2011/01/11/18668858.php</ref><br />
<br />
==Psiram-articles in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Kiesha_Crowther Kiesha Crowther]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/></div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=G._Edward_Griffin&diff=898G. Edward Griffin2011-02-23T08:37:01Z<p>Pamela: /* Psiram-articles in other languages */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[image:Edwardgriffin.jpg|thumb]]<br />
'''G. Edward Griffin''' (born Nov. 7th 1931) is an American author and film maker. Griffin spreads several [[conspiracy theory|conspiracy theories]] concerning health and politics. He is the founder of „Freedom Force International“ and „Cancer Cure Foundation“.<br />
<br />
Griffin advertises the dubious [[CAM]] methods without proof of efficacy [[Krebiozen]] and [[Amygdalin]]. In 1988 he believed to have found the Arche Noah using Radar near the Ararat, which endeared him to [[Creationism|Creationists]]. However, after repeating the measurement later, nothing was found.<ref>Collins, Lorence D., and Fasold, David (1996). "Bogus 'Noah's Ark' from Turkey Exposed as a Common Geologic Structure". Journal of Geoscience Education 44 (4): 439–444. [http://www.csun.edu/~vcgeo005/bogus.html]</ref><br />
<br />
Griffin also supports the refuted [[Hunza]] myth, claiming these pakistani mountain people would not suffer of cancer. Further claims are that they reach a higher age compared to north americans of up to 120 years.<ref>Griffin E: Eine Welt ohne Krebs, Kopp Verlag, Seite 73</ref><br />
<br />
Note: G. Edward Griffin is not to be mixed up with [[Des Griffin]] or [[David Ray Griffin]].<br />
<br />
==Conspiracy theories==<br />
[[image:gegriffinrusso.jpg|Griffin und [[Aaron Russo]]|thumb]]<br />
Griffin believes that voting machines are used to manipulate elections and tries to have them replaced with ballots.<br />
<br />
Griffin supports unconventional cancer therapies and the „Cancer Cure Foundation“. The layman Griffin supports in pseudoscientific publications in particular the ineffective [[Amygdalin]] (erroneously called vitamin&nbsp;B17 by him) as treatment for cancer. His website links to suppliers of this unapproved agent. According to Griffin cancer is caused by a lack of Amygdalin. He claims this agent is ''suppressed'', which goes back to the activities of John&nbsp;D. Rockefeller. Certain world-wide high ranking persons would interfere with medical science, and are claimed to be responsible for the negative test results regarding Amygdalin. An article in ''American Journal of Public Health'' refuted this as conspiracy theory. A book by Griffin titled ''A world without cancer'' was pulled to pieces<ref>http://www.ajph.org/cgi/reprint/66/7/696-a.pdf</ref>. Griffin resorted to anecdotes of miracle healings instead of verifiable facts.<br />
<br />
==Psiram-articles in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=G._Edward_Griffin G. Edward Griffin]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Griffin, G. Edward}}<br />
[[category:Author]]<br />
[[category:Conspiracy theories]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=G._Edward_Griffin&diff=897G. Edward Griffin2011-02-23T08:36:29Z<p>Pamela: /* Conspiracy theories */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[image:Edwardgriffin.jpg|thumb]]<br />
'''G. Edward Griffin''' (born Nov. 7th 1931) is an American author and film maker. Griffin spreads several [[conspiracy theory|conspiracy theories]] concerning health and politics. He is the founder of „Freedom Force International“ and „Cancer Cure Foundation“.<br />
<br />
Griffin advertises the dubious [[CAM]] methods without proof of efficacy [[Krebiozen]] and [[Amygdalin]]. In 1988 he believed to have found the Arche Noah using Radar near the Ararat, which endeared him to [[Creationism|Creationists]]. However, after repeating the measurement later, nothing was found.<ref>Collins, Lorence D., and Fasold, David (1996). "Bogus 'Noah's Ark' from Turkey Exposed as a Common Geologic Structure". Journal of Geoscience Education 44 (4): 439–444. [http://www.csun.edu/~vcgeo005/bogus.html]</ref><br />
<br />
Griffin also supports the refuted [[Hunza]] myth, claiming these pakistani mountain people would not suffer of cancer. Further claims are that they reach a higher age compared to north americans of up to 120 years.<ref>Griffin E: Eine Welt ohne Krebs, Kopp Verlag, Seite 73</ref><br />
<br />
Note: G. Edward Griffin is not to be mixed up with [[Des Griffin]] or [[David Ray Griffin]].<br />
<br />
==Conspiracy theories==<br />
[[image:gegriffinrusso.jpg|Griffin und [[Aaron Russo]]|thumb]]<br />
Griffin believes that voting machines are used to manipulate elections and tries to have them replaced with ballots.<br />
<br />
Griffin supports unconventional cancer therapies and the „Cancer Cure Foundation“. The layman Griffin supports in pseudoscientific publications in particular the ineffective [[Amygdalin]] (erroneously called vitamin&nbsp;B17 by him) as treatment for cancer. His website links to suppliers of this unapproved agent. According to Griffin cancer is caused by a lack of Amygdalin. He claims this agent is ''suppressed'', which goes back to the activities of John&nbsp;D. Rockefeller. Certain world-wide high ranking persons would interfere with medical science, and are claimed to be responsible for the negative test results regarding Amygdalin. An article in ''American Journal of Public Health'' refuted this as conspiracy theory. A book by Griffin titled ''A world without cancer'' was pulled to pieces<ref>http://www.ajph.org/cgi/reprint/66/7/696-a.pdf</ref>. Griffin resorted to anecdotes of miracle healings instead of verifiable facts.<br />
<br />
==Psiram-articles in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=G._Edward_Griffin G. Edward Griffin]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Griffin, G. Edward}}<br />
[[category:Author]]<br />
[[category:Conspiracy theories]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Pseudomedicine&diff=896Pseudomedicine2011-02-23T08:34:32Z<p>Pamela: </p>
<hr />
<div>''Pseudo'' means: ''fake'', ''sham'', ''spurious'' [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pseudo?show=0&t=1283620895] Hence, pseudo medicine refers to medical treatments that claim to be scientific or are made to appear scientific, but are not based on any appropriate scientific methodology, lack supporting evidence or plausibility, or otherwise lack scientific status.<br />
<br />
==Psiram-articles in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Pseudomedizin Pseudomedinzin]<br />
<br />
[[category:Pseudomedicine]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Matthias_Rath&diff=895Matthias Rath2011-02-23T08:32:48Z<p>Pamela: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''Matthias Rath''' (born 1955 in Stuttgart / Germany) is a controversial German physician, businessman, vitamin entrepreneur and politician. He is the inventor of an [[alternative medicine]], the so called ""cellular medicine" (in German: Zellularmedizin) which according to Rath allegedly "heals" severe deseases like AIDS or cancer. This doctrine can been seen as an interpretation of [[orthomolecular medicine]] (OM).<br />
<br />
Rath runs the "Dr. Rath Health Foundation" which was closely associated with "Health Now" Inc., and he also founded a "Dr. Rath Research Institute". In Europe, his products are sold from The Netherlands.<br />
<br />
==The case Dominik Feld==<br />
<br />
==Matthias Rath and AIDS==<br />
<br />
==Rath as politician==<br />
<br />
==Legal cases==<br />
<br />
==Psiram-articles in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Matthias_Rath Matthis Rath]<br />
<br />
==Weblinks==<br />
*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthias_Rath<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rath, Matthias}}<br />
[[category:physician]]<br />
[[category:pseudomedic]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Matthias_Rath&diff=894Matthias Rath2011-02-23T08:32:17Z<p>Pamela: /* Legal cases */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Matthias Rath''' (born 1955 in Stuttgart / Germany) is a controversial German physician, businessman, vitamin entrepreneur and politician. He is the inventor of an [[alternative medicine]], the so called ""cellular medicine" (in German: Zellularmedizin) which according to Rath allegedly "heals" severe deseases like AIDS or cancer. This doctrine can been seen as an interpretation of [[orthomolecular medicine]] (OM).<br />
<br />
Rath runs the "Dr. Rath Health Foundation" which was closely associated with "Health Now" Inc., and he also founded a "Dr. Rath Research Institute". In Europe, his products are sold from The Netherlands.<br />
<br />
==The case Dominik Feld==<br />
<br />
==Matthias Rath and AIDS==<br />
<br />
==Rath as politician==<br />
<br />
==Legal cases==<br />
<br />
<br />
==Psiram-articles in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Matthias_Rath Matthis Rath]<br />
<br />
==Weblinks==<br />
*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthias_Rath<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rath, Matthias}}<br />
[[category:physician]]<br />
[[category:pseudomedic]]</div>Pamelahttps://www.psiram.com/en/index.php?title=Matthias_Rath&diff=893Matthias Rath2011-02-23T08:31:54Z<p>Pamela: /* Weblinks */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Matthias Rath''' (born 1955 in Stuttgart / Germany) is a controversial German physician, businessman, vitamin entrepreneur and politician. He is the inventor of an [[alternative medicine]], the so called ""cellular medicine" (in German: Zellularmedizin) which according to Rath allegedly "heals" severe deseases like AIDS or cancer. This doctrine can been seen as an interpretation of [[orthomolecular medicine]] (OM).<br />
<br />
Rath runs the "Dr. Rath Health Foundation" which was closely associated with "Health Now" Inc., and he also founded a "Dr. Rath Research Institute". In Europe, his products are sold from The Netherlands.<br />
<br />
==The case Dominik Feld==<br />
<br />
==Matthias Rath and AIDS==<br />
<br />
==Rath as politician==<br />
<br />
==Legal cases==<br />
<br />
==Psiram-articles in other languages==<br />
*deutsch: [http://www.psiram.com/ge/index.php?title=Matthias_Rath Matthis Rath]<br />
<br />
==Weblinks==<br />
*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthias_Rath<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rath, Matthias}}<br />
[[category:physician]]<br />
[[category:pseudomedic]]</div>Pamela